Neonatal cerebral venous flow velocity measurement using a color flow Doppler system.

Color flow Doppler provides a simple means for studying blood flow velocity from the central cerebral veins in newborn infants. Twenty-two term infants were examined during the first four days of life to establish a normal range for velocity from the vein of Galen. A wide range of velocities was found between individuals (2.3 cm.s-1 to 9.5 cm.s-1), but short-term intraindividual variation was small (root mean square variation 1.1 cm.s-1). Light bilateral jugular venous compression was performed in 17 of the infants and produced a fall of up to 63% in venous flow velocity in 12 infants (p = 0.0005).     

血液透析病人双腔静脉置管的护理进展

介绍血液透析病人双腔静脉置管过程中预防血栓形成和导管感染的研究进展。强调选择合适浓度的肝素溶液封管、有效的皮肤消毒方法、棉质纱布的应用、导管材料的改进、合适的置管时间等的重要性。     

肿瘤相关因素与胃癌患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的关系研究

目的 探讨肿瘤相关因素与胃癌患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成之间的关系，为肿瘤患者术后血栓防治提供参考。方法 收集2016年10月—2018年12月于郑州大学第一附属医院胃肠外科手术的258例胃癌患者的临床资料，统计手术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）人数，分析肿瘤相关因素对下肢DVT的影响。结果 135例患者中，术后发生下肢DVT 60例（44.4%），其中左下肢19例（14.1%），右下肢11例（8.1%），双侧下肢30例（22.2%）。根据术后下肢DVT情况分为血栓组和非血栓组。两组术前是否行新辅助化疗和手术后CA125水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示手术后CA125水平升高超过5 u/ml［R=3.227（95% CI：1.181，8.812）］是术后下肢DVT发生的危险因素。新辅助化疗后两组缓解率比较，差异有统计学意义（P =0.018），非血栓组缓解率更高。结论 术后CA125水平较术前升高超过5 u/ml的患者术后发生下肢DVT的人数明显增加；新辅助化疗后病情缓解的患者术后发生血栓的风险降低。     

经颈外静脉置入PICC在老年肿瘤患者中的应用与护理

目的探讨老年肿瘤患者经颈外静脉置入PICC的可行性和安全性。方法4例经肘静脉穿刺困难或穿刺失败的老年肿瘤患者，选择经颈外静脉置入PICC，观察有无并发症发生及留置时间。结果4例经颈外静脉置入PICC均一次穿刺成功，无1例发生出血、心慌、胸闷等不适症状，所有患者均顺利完成化疗及TPN。结论对于外周静脉管壁增厚、变硬、管腔狭窄，血管弹性降低，脆性增加不充盈，置管困难的老年肿瘤患者，经颈外静脉置入PICC进行长期静脉化疗和TPN是安全可行的。     

Coagulation profile and platelet function in patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction and non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Coagulation disorders commonly develop in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. They have also been reported in patients with non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis (NCPF) and extra-hepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO); the two conditions with portal hypertension and near-normal liver functions. The spectrum and prevalence of coagulation abnormalities and their association with the pathogenesis of these diseases and with hypersplenism was prospectively studied. METHODS: Eighteen EHPVO patients that included an equal number of NCPF patients and 20 healthy controls were prospectively studied. The coagulation parameters assessed included: international normalized ratio, partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen and fibrinogen degradation products. Platelet aggregation and malondialdehyde levels were measured. RESULTS: Both EHPVO (83%) and NCPF (78%) patients had a significantly prolonged international normalized ratio and a decrease in fibrinogen and platelet aggregation. The EHPVO patients had a significant prolongation in partial thromboplastin time (67% patients), with increased levels of fibrinogen degradation product levels occurring in all patients; these were normal in NCPF patients. Platelet malondialdehyde levels were normal in both groups. Hypersplenism was present in four EHPVO and seven NCPF patients. It did not significantly influence the coagulation profile in either NCPF or EHPVO patients. CONCLUSIONS: Coagulation anomalies are common and significant in both NCPF and EHPVO patients, suggestive of a mild disseminated intravascular coagulation disorder. These imbalances could be caused by chronic subclinical endotoxemia and cytokine activation after the initial portal thromboembolic event. The persistence of these abnormalities in adolescent patients indicates an ongoing coagulation derangement.     

静脉血与末梢血血细胞检测结果分析

目的探讨静脉血与末梢血细胞检测结果的差异性，为临床提供更准确的检验结果。方法对140例健康成人与120例患者采用同时检测末梢血和静脉血细胞，对结果进行比较分析。结果静脉血与末梢血检测血细胞存在明显差异。结论血细胞检测标本的采集不当会给结果带来较大误差。因此在临床对于血细胞的分析要求采集静脉血，才能保证血液分析结果的准确性。     

Possible venous argon gas embolism complicating argon gas enhanced coagulation during liver surgery

We report a case of a major venous argon embolism during argon beam coagulation of a liver biopsy. The essential signs were an abrupt reduction in end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure, in SpO2 and in systolic arterial pressure, at the time of coagulation. Spontaneous recovery was observed within 10 min. Precautions in respect of usage are highlighted.     

Persistent left superior vena cava — an unusual location of central venous catheters in children

The incidence of central venous catheters inadvertently placed in a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) was found to be 1.0% in a pediatric population requiring central venous catheterisation. Two well documented cases are presented and the possible association of PLSVC with other non-cardiovascular malformations is suggested.     

中心静脉压评价左心室功能价值的探讨

本文采用微导管法在20例受试者中监测了中心静脉压,观察其与左心室功能——心指数、每搏功、射血分数之间的相关关系.结果表明,在心肌缺血、心脏效能降低时,中心静脉压与左心室功能之间无相关关系.     

上海浦东新区静脉产业类生态工业园区规划设想

分析了上海浦东新区固体废物处置现状及存在问题、面临的机遇，提出利用有限土地资源，将生活垃圾和其它特殊固体废物集中在园区内进行无害化处理和资源化利用，构建静脉产业链，建设符合《静脉产业类生态工业园区标准》的生态工业园区.