向量值有理插值的构造方法

本文给出一种构造二元向量值有理插值的新方法,构造原理简便易行,灵活性强,计算量比现有的连分式方法小,而且避免了连分式方法所受的条件制约.本文方法建立的插值函数形式简洁且无条件限制,便于在计算机上实现,具有较强的实际应用价值.     

人卵泡抑素基因全长cDNA的克隆

目的 克隆人卵泡抑素(FS)全长cDNA基因。方法 采用逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)从人肝组织中扩增FS cDNA。构建PMD18-T载体，采用BamHⅠ、HindⅢ双酶切以及DNA测序进行鉴定。结果 RT-PCR扩增长度为968bp的基因片段，BamHⅠ、HindⅢ双酶切结果显示重组T载体中含有目的基因片段，测序结果显示编码区无基因突变。结论 人FS全长cDNA基因克隆成功，并构建了重组PMD18-T载体。     

基于微粒群优化算法和支持向量机的软测量建模

在分析基本微粒群优化算法(PSO)和支持向量机(SVM)原理的基础上,采用带有末位淘汰机制的微粒群优化算法优化支持向量机的参数,建立了延迟焦化装置粗汽油干点软测量的微粒群支持向量机模型.该方法利用支持向量机结构风险最小化原则和PSO算法快速全局优化的特点,用于软测量建模.仿真实验表明:所建模型的泛化性能较好,模型具有较高的精度.     

基于智慧医院建设优化服务质量的探索

围绕新形势下智慧医院建设的背景与现状,分析了智慧医院建设中存在的问题,提出了优化医院服务质量、改善就医环境体验的相关措施。     

Comparison of Endemic and Epidemic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Lineages in Culicoides sonorensis Midges

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) primarily infects livestock and is transmitted by direct contact and vectored by Culicoides midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Endemic to Central and South America, specific VSV lineages spread northward out of endemic regions of Mexico and into the U.S. sporadically every five to ten years. In 2012, a monophyletic epidemic lineage 1.1 successfully spread northward into the U.S. In contrast, the closest endemic ancestor, lineage 1.2, remained circulating exclusively in endemic regions in Mexico. It is not clear what roles virus-animal interactions and/or virus-vector interactions play in the ability of specific viral lineages to escape endemic regions in Mexico and successfully cause outbreaks in the U.S., nor the genetic basis for such incursions. Whole-genome sequencing of epidemic VSV 1.1 and endemic VSV 1.2 revealed significant differences in just seven amino acids. Previous studies in swine showed that VSV 1.1 was more virulent than VSV 1.2. Here, we compared the efficiency of these two viral lineages to infect the vector Culicoides sonorensis (Wirth and Jones) and disseminate to salivary glands for subsequent transmission. Our results showed that midges orally infected with the epidemic VSV 1.1 lineage had significantly higher infection dissemination rates compared to those infected with the endemic VSV 1.2 lineage. Thus, in addition to affecting virus-animal interactions, as seen with higher virulence in pigs, small genetic changes may also affect virus-vector interactions, contributing to the ability of specific viral lineages to escape endemic regions via vector-borne transmission.     

基于CiteSpace的我国临床营养研究可视化分析

目的 利用文献计量学方法 分析我国临床营养研究现状、研究热点和发展趋势.方法 检索Web of Science核心合集期刊(WOS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库两个数据平台,运用CiteSpace文献分析软件和EXCEL画图分析功能分别从临床营养研究年度发文量、发文机构分布、基金资助情况、高频关键词和关键词聚类等角度进...     

Efficacy of a spatial repellent for control of Aedes-borne virus transmission: A cluster-randomized trial in Iquitos,Peru

Over half the world’s population is at risk for viruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, such as dengue and Zika. The primary vector, Aedes aegypti, thrives in urban environments. Despite decades of effort, cases and geographic range of Aedes-borne viruses (ABVs) continue to expand. Rigorously proven vector control interventions that measure protective efficacy against ABV diseases are limited to Wolbachia in a single trial in Indonesia and do not include any chemical intervention. Spatial repellents, a new option for efficient deployment, are designed to decrease human exposure to ABVs by releasing active ingredients into the air that disrupt mosquito–human contact. A parallel, cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in Iquitos, Peru, to quantify the impact of a transfluthrin-based spatial repellent on human ABV infection. From 2,907 households across 26 clusters (13 per arm), 1,578 participants were assessed for seroconversion (primary endpoint) by survival analysis. Incidence of acute disease was calculated among 16,683 participants (secondary endpoint). Adult mosquito collections were conducted to compare Ae. aegypti abundance, blood-fed rate, and parity status through mixed-effect difference-in-difference analyses. The spatial repellent significantly reduced ABV infection by 34.1% (one-sided 95% CI lower limit, 6.9%; one-sided P value = 0.0236, z = 1.98). Aedes aegypti abundance and blood-fed rates were significantly reduced by 28.6 (95% CI 24.1%, ∞); z = −9.11) and 12.4% (95% CI 4.2%, ∞); z = −2.43), respectively. Our trial provides conclusive statistical evidence from an appropriately powered, preplanned cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial of the impact of a chemical intervention, in this case a spatial repellent, to reduce the risk of ABV transmission compared to a placebo.

Aedes-borne viral diseases (ABVDs) [e.g., dengue (DENV), chikungunya, Zika (ZIKV), and yellow fever] are devastating, expanding global public health threats that disproportionally affect low- and middle-income countries. DENV, one of the most rapidly increasing vector-borne infectious diseases, results in ∼400 million infections each year (1, 2), with 4 billion people at risk for infection annually (3). Currently, the primary means for ABVD prevention is controlling the primary mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti. Existing vector control interventions, however, have failed to prevent ABV transmission and epidemics (4–6).There is an urgent need to develop evidence-based guidance for the use of new and existing ABV vector control tools. The evidence base for vector control against ABVs is weak, despite considerable government investments in World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended control of larval habitats (larviciding, container removal) and ultra-low-volume insecticide spraying (4, 5, 7–9). These strategies continue to be implemented despite the lack of rigorously generated data from controlled clinical trials demonstrating they reduce ABV infection or disease (6). The only ABV intervention with a proven epidemiological impact in a cluster-randomized control trial (cRCT) assessed community mobilization to reduce mosquito larval habitats (10). A recent test-negative trial with Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes reported a significant reduction of DENV illness in Indonesia (11).Spatial repellents (SRs) are devices that contain volatile active ingredients that disperse in air. The active ingredients can repel mosquitoes from entering a treated space, inhibit attraction to human host cues, or disrupt mosquito biting and blood-feeding behavior and, thus, interfere with mosquito–human contact (12–14). Any of these outcomes reduce the probability of pathogen transmission. Pyrethroid-based SRs have shown efficacy in reducing malaria infections in China (15) and Indonesia (16). There have, however, been no clinical trials evaluating the protective efficacy (PE) of SRs against ABV infection or disease.To generate evidence for public health consideration, we conducted a double-blinded, parallel cRCT to demonstrate and quantify the PE of a transfluthrin-based SR to reduce ABV infection incidence over 2 y in a human cohort in Iquitos, Peru.     

停课不停学背景下对机能学实验虚拟实验平台建设的思考

北京中医药大学积极响应教育部"停课不停学"的要求,借助机能学实验虚拟实验平台切实保障机能学实验教学工作的顺利开展。此文通过对"停课不停学"背景下的机能学实验课程以及机能学实验虚拟实验平台进行系统思考,并且结合问卷调查、教师走访、纵向比较等方法,分析"停课不停学"背景下机能学实验虚拟实验平台的使用效果和不足之处,旨在为虚拟实验"金"平台的建设提供参考和思路。     

基于“一动力三循环”管理模式的“3S”方法在临床研究生导师队伍建设中的应用

研究生教育是国家高水平教育的代表,也是医院发展的体现,在一定程度上可以看出医院的医疗、教学、科研、学术地位。研究生导师是高层次和高水平师资的主要代表,是一个医院提升自身教学实力、影响力、竞争力的关键。本文针对专科医院研究生导师队伍建设存在以下问题进行阐述：对外交流培训不足,师资队伍评价体系不科学,师资队伍结构不合理。基于“一动力三循环”管理模式,探索提出“3S”研究生导师队伍建设模式：加强对外交流与培训,建立科学的评价体系,建立结构合理的导师队伍,以优化研究生导师队伍建设为目标,打造一支业务能力专业、评价体系科学、师资结构合理的导师队伍,不断提升医院研究生导师队伍建设水平,是每个研究生培养单位的重要任务。同时概括了现阶段研究生导师队伍建设的成效和不足,并给予了反馈与意见。