Research progress on modern mechanism of “moxibustion can be used for heat syndrome”

The authors have retrieved the experimental literature on moxibustion in treatment of heat syndrome in recent years, and summarized the mechanism of moxibustion in treatment of heat syndrome from such aspects as antipyretic and anti-infective effect of moxibustion, the effect on peripheral metabolism of humoral factors and the level of central neurotransmitter, and the regulation of immune function through sorting and analysis, thus providing experimental evidences for the feasibility and effectiveness of “moxibustion can be used for heat syndrome”, and providing ideas and direction for future researches.     

急性心力衰竭模型的建立及“以方测证”研究

目的:研究家兔急性心力衰竭(心衰)模型建立方法,并探究该模型与心气虚、心阳虚、心阳虚脱三证的相关性。方法:将30只家兔随机分为空白组、模型组、黄芪组、参附1组、参附2组,每组各6只。除空白组外,各组采用静脉注射盐酸普罗帕酮复制急性心衰模型。黄芪组、参附1组、参附2组分别注射黄芪注射液0.07 g·kg~(-1)、参附注射液0.07 g·kg~(-1)和参附注射液0.10 g·kg~(-1),测定各组家兔心率(heart rate,HR)、收缩压(systolic pressure,SBP)等相关生理指标,以探究此建模方法与中医心气虚证、心阳虚证、心阳虚脱证的相关性。结果:与模型组比较,黄芪组、参附1组和参附2组能显著升高急性心衰家兔HR和SBP,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:急性心衰模型与心气虚、心阳虚、心阳虚脱证有一定相关性。     

Control of gastric acid secretion in health and disease

Recent milestones in the understanding of gastric acid secretion and treatment of acid-peptic disorders include the (1) discovery of histamine H(2)-receptors and development of histamine H(2)-receptor antagonists, (2) identification of H(+)K(+)-ATPase as the parietal cell proton pump and development of proton pump inhibitors, and (3) identification of Helicobacter pylori as the major cause of duodenal ulcer and development of effective eradication regimens. This review emphasizes the importance and relevance of gastric acid secretion and its regulation in health and disease. We review the physiology and pathophysiology of acid secretion as well as evidence regarding its inhibition in the management of acid-related clinical conditions.     

健康素养概念结构和主题趋势的多视角分析

目的利用多视角分析方法揭示健康素养的概念结构和主题趋势。方法基于WoS的作者共被引、关键词共现和PubMed的作者合作,利用CiteSpace软件,从被引文献和引证文献2个角度分别对共被引聚类进行标识,确定健康素养领域研究的概念结构和主题趋势(1995-2010)。结果精神健康素养和功能性健康素养是健康素养的2个独立的研究领域。同时发现公共卫生视角的健康素养和健康素养测量工具研究是近年来2个最活跃的研究领域。结论应用不同来源的信息,对共引聚类分析后可能会得到不同的结论。     

Baseline polysaccharide-specific antibodies may not consistently inhibit booster antibody responses in infants to a serogroup C meningococcal protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine

Negative correlations between baseline antibody concentrations and increases in antibody concentrations (after booster doses of vaccines) have been reported previously. Such correlation coefficients are widely reported by statisticians to be subject to mathematical coupling. Negative correlations may be attributable partly or wholly to the combination of mathematical coupling and measurement error (or other short term fluctuations in measurements) and therefore not clinically interpretable. In this study we re-analysed the serum antibody responses from five clinical trials of serogroup C meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenCV) given to infants for priming followed by boosting with MenCV or a meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine (MenA/C) at 12 months of age. Using Pearson's correlation method to assess the effect of pre-booster MenC-IgG concentration on the relative increase in MenC-IgG concentration post-booster, a significant negative correlation was observed for all the groups, indicating that high pre-booster antibody was associated with a smaller rise in antibody post-booster. We tested two additional statistical methods that account for mathematical coupling. Using Blomqvist method of adjustment to assess the plausible extent of bias, correlation coefficients were still negative providing error variance was low. The other method, a multilevel modelling specification of Oldham's method appeared not to be appropriate. In contrast, using Pearson's correlation method a consistent negative correlation between carrier protein-specific baseline antibody concentration and the increase in MenC-specific antibody concentration was only observed following booster immunisation with the protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine but not following the MenA/C plain polysaccharide vaccine. These findings suggest that analysis of the inhibitory effect of baseline antibody on the response to booster immunisation is challenging and should account for the possibility of mathematical coupling and measurement error. That an inhibitory effect of baseline antibody cannot be assumed a priori is supported by observations in animal models, which show that baseline antibody can both suppress or enhance the antibody response to a specific antigen.     

How do parents' child-feeding behaviours influence child weight? Implications for childhood obesity policy

BACKGROUND: Parents have some responsibility for children's dietary habits and they are often the focus of public health interventions designed to improve children's diets and thereby reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity. The current UK interventions promote awareness of healthy food choices, but offer little guidance for parents on child-feeding behaviours. METHODS: A review of recent literature regarding child-feeding behaviours and child weight. RESULTS: Parents report using a wide range of child-feeding behaviours, including monitoring, pressure to eat and restriction. Restriction of children's eating has most frequently and consistently been associated with child weight gain. Furthermore, there is substantial evidence for a causal relationship between parental restriction and childhood overweight. CONCLUSIONS: Parents may inadvertently promote excess weight gain in childhood by using inappropriate child-feeding behaviours. We recommend the development of interventions to increase awareness of the possible consequences of inappropriate child-feeding behaviours. Parents who are concerned about their child's weight will also require guidance and support in order to adopt more appropriate child-feeding behaviours.