Hemp Seed Oil and Oilseed Radish Oil as New Sources of Raw Materials for the Synthesis of Bio-Polyols for Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams

We report on the development of open-cell polyurethane foams based on bio-polyols from vegetable oils: hemp seed oil, oilseed radish oil, rapeseed oil and used rapeseed cooking oil. The crude oils were pressed from seeds and subjected to an optimal solvent-free epoxidation process. Bio-polyols were obtained by a ring-opening reaction using diethylene glycol and tetrafluoroboric acid as catalysts. The resultant foams were analysed in terms of their apparent density, thermal conductivity coefficient, mechanical strength, closed cell content, short-term water absorption and water vapour permeability, while their morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that regardless of the properties of the oils, especially the content of unsaturated bonds, it was possible to obtain bio-polyols with very similar properties. The foams were characterized by apparent densities ranging from 11.2 to 12.1 kg/m³, thermal conductivity of <39 mW/m∙K, open cell contents of >97% and high water vapour permeability.     

How do parents' child-feeding behaviours influence child weight? Implications for childhood obesity policy

BACKGROUND: Parents have some responsibility for children's dietary habits and they are often the focus of public health interventions designed to improve children's diets and thereby reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity. The current UK interventions promote awareness of healthy food choices, but offer little guidance for parents on child-feeding behaviours. METHODS: A review of recent literature regarding child-feeding behaviours and child weight. RESULTS: Parents report using a wide range of child-feeding behaviours, including monitoring, pressure to eat and restriction. Restriction of children's eating has most frequently and consistently been associated with child weight gain. Furthermore, there is substantial evidence for a causal relationship between parental restriction and childhood overweight. CONCLUSIONS: Parents may inadvertently promote excess weight gain in childhood by using inappropriate child-feeding behaviours. We recommend the development of interventions to increase awareness of the possible consequences of inappropriate child-feeding behaviours. Parents who are concerned about their child's weight will also require guidance and support in order to adopt more appropriate child-feeding behaviours.     

2005～2008年我院抗菌药物应用分析

目的：分析我院抗菌药物及其中特殊使用抗菌药物的应用情况和发展趋势。方法：采用金额排序和应用频度分析法对2005～2008年我院抗菌药物及其中特殊使用抗菌药物的使用情况进行统计分析。结果：我院抗菌药品种数、消费金额、应用数量都呈逐年上升之势,特殊使用抗菌药用药金额、用药频度亦逐年上升。结论：抗菌药物在我院临床应用结构基本合理,但仍应重视其安全性、有效性,合理选择使用。     

危重症患者胃肠道功能障碍检测方法的研究进展

目的了解和分析不同胃肠道功能检测方法应用于危重患者进行胃肠道功能障碍监测的现状和意义。方法采用主题词、关键词和题名检索等方式,以胃肠道功能障碍、胃肠运动、肠消化吸收功能、肠屏障功能等为检索词,搜索了中国医院知识仓库医学专题全文数据库、外文期刊等全文医学数据库,对200余篇国内外相关文献进行了研读并总结。结果胃肠动力检测、肠消化吸收功能检测、胃肠激素检测、肠屏障功能检测等方法在临床上疾病诊治中有不同程度的应用,但应用在危重患者的监护中有一定局限性,为此,本文总结提出了危重患者胃肠功能障碍监测的研究方向。结论尚需进一步研发简便、准确、客观的危重患者胃肠功能障碍监测方法,应加强对患者肠鸣音监测及胃肠电检测的研究,以及时发现患者胃肠功能障碍,实施及时有效的救治。     

急性心力衰竭模型的建立及“以方测证”研究

目的:研究家兔急性心力衰竭(心衰)模型建立方法,并探究该模型与心气虚、心阳虚、心阳虚脱三证的相关性。方法:将30只家兔随机分为空白组、模型组、黄芪组、参附1组、参附2组,每组各6只。除空白组外,各组采用静脉注射盐酸普罗帕酮复制急性心衰模型。黄芪组、参附1组、参附2组分别注射黄芪注射液0.07 g·kg~(-1)、参附注射液0.07 g·kg~(-1)和参附注射液0.10 g·kg~(-1),测定各组家兔心率(heart rate,HR)、收缩压(systolic pressure,SBP)等相关生理指标,以探究此建模方法与中医心气虚证、心阳虚证、心阳虚脱证的相关性。结果:与模型组比较,黄芪组、参附1组和参附2组能显著升高急性心衰家兔HR和SBP,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:急性心衰模型与心气虚、心阳虚、心阳虚脱证有一定相关性。