医用冰箱的维修体会

主要介绍医用冰箱的常见故障和正确的修理方法.     

建设《临床常用药物素材库》项目的研究与实践

《临床常用药物素材库》是教育部现代远程教育中心立项资助的建设项目,旨在通过建立网络的数据平台,实施远程全方位教学,对提高药学院校的教学水平,对在职人员进行强化培训,促进医务人员对临床常用药物药学知识的全面了解及满足患者对某类药物知识的需求具有重要意义。文章介绍了《临床常用药物素材库》的主要内容及项目的组织实施过程,并对素材库的标准及长期运营提出了设想。     

Written and verbal information versus verbal information only for patients being discharged from acute hospital settings to home: systematic review

This article presents the results of a Cochrane review which was conducted to determine the effectiveness of providing written and verbal health information compared with verbal information only to patients being discharged from acute hospital settings to home. Only two trials met the review inclusion criteria. In both trials the participants were parents of children being discharged from hospital to home. The two outcomes measured in both trials were knowledge and satisfaction. The review confirms that providing written and verbal health information is more effective in improving knowledge and satisfaction than providing verbal information only for parents of children being discharged from hospital to home. There is no evidence of the effectiveness of the intervention in adults who provide their own care after discharge from hospital. Further research is required which involves adult patients being discharged from hospital to home, and research which measures a range of outcomes which include readmission rates, recovery times, patient/carer knowledge, complication rates, service utilization and costs (community, outpatient and inpatient), confidence in one's own care management, stress and anxiety levels, satisfaction with services provided prior to discharge, and adherence to recommended care.     

局部晚期鼻咽癌的治疗

目的：通过对现有医学证据的检索和评价,指导局部晚期鼻咽癌的治疗。方法：首先提出相关临床问题,然后对Medline(1985-2002),Embase(1985-2002),Cochrane图书馆（2002,1期）和ACP网站进行检索,并对检索结果进行评价。检索词包括：“Nasopharyngeal carcinoma and chemotherapy and radiotherapy and randomized”及“Meta analysis or randomized control trial”。结果：通过检索,一共查到了一篇系统评价,16篇样本量较大的随机临床研究。其中8篇为三期临床研究。大多研究表明放化疗联合治疗优于单独放疗。这些结果也适用于我们的病人。结论：通过检索和评价,我们对该患选择了新辅助化疗＋同步放化疗＋辅助化疗的治疗方案,但对化疗方案进行了相应调整。     

尼美舒利和肠溶阿司匹林治疗牙科手术后疼痛的疗效对比

目的 比较研究所尼美舒利（ＮＩＭ）和肠溶阿司匹林（ＡＳＰ）治疗牙科手术后疼痛的疗效和安全性。方法 试验设计为随机单盲对照。试验组１２０例病例,于手术后疼痛时一次口服ＮＩＭ２００ｍｇ,过２４ｈ再口服２００ｍｇ;对照组６０例病例,于手术后疼痛时一次口服ＡＳＰ６００ｍｇ,过２４ｈ再口服６００ｍｇ。结果 ＮＩＭ总有效率为９１．６７％,ＡＳＰ总有效率为８６．６７％。两药均能改善患者的症状和体征。经安全性评价     

A sensitivity analysis using alternative toxic equivalency factors to estimate U.S. dietary exposures to dioxin-like compounds

EPA recommends sensitivity analyses when applying the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) method to evaluate exposures to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). Applying the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2005 TEF values and estimating average U.S. daily dietary intakes of 25 DLCs from eight food categories, we estimate a toxic equivalency (TEQ) intake of 23 pg/day. Among DLCs, PCB 126 (26%) and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD (23%) dominate TEQ intakes. Among food categories, milk (14%), other dairy (28%), beef (25%), and seafood (18%) most influenced TEQ intakes. We develop two approaches to estimate alternative TEF values. Based on WHO’s assumption regarding TEF uncertainty, Approach1 estimates upper and lower TEFs for each DLC by multiplying and dividing, respectively, its individual TEF by ± half a log. Based on compiled empirical ranges of relative potency estimates, Approach2 uses percentile values for individual TEFs. Total TEQ intake estimates using the lower and upper TEFs based on Approach1 were 8 and 68 pg TEQ/day, respectively. The 25th and 75th percentile TEFs from Approach2 yielded 12 and 28 pg TEQ/day, respectively. The influential DLCs and food categories remained consistent across alternative TEFs, except at the 90th percentile using Approach2. We highlight the need for developing underlying TEF probability distributions.     

石斛愈伤组织培养物的药用前景探讨

石解药材的自然资源严重枯竭。本研究从石斛重要药用有效成分多糖的角度出发,所作的愈伤组织培养物和它的原植物的比较,显示出石解愈伤组织培养物有可能代替原植物作药用,既解决石料药源紧缺,又带来保护环境生态和商业利益的理想途径。     

苦辛方药运用探析

以基础理论为依据 ,结合临床体会 ,对苦寒和辛温两类方药的合用作了较为深入的探析。从药义分析、配伍特点、证方变化、临床运用等方面进行了论述 ,认为苦辛方药配伍是治疗脾胃、肝胃、胆胃、肠胃不和的一大治法     

Stimulation of haemopoietic stem cell proliferation: Characteristics of the stimulator-producing cells

Media conditioned by regenerating murine bone marrow cells contain a stimulator of haemopoietic stem cell proliferation. Fractionated cell populations have been examined for production of this stimulatory activity in order to characterize its cellular source. The stimulator is produced by adherent, phagocytic radioresistant, Thy 1.2^?, Fc⁺ cells in a population concentrated in a density range of 1.064 – 1.072 g/ml. The results indicate that the producer cells reside in the heterogenous mononuclear phagocytic population of the bone marrow.     

广东地产毒性中药材常用品种的分析及中毒预防

目的分析广东地产毒性中药材常用品种,研究预防中毒的措施,从而为临床救治提供理论依据。方法归纳及分析常用的广东地产毒性中药材的功效、中毒症状、毒性及预防方法。结果广东地产毒性中药以引起人体皮肤损伤、破坏血液循环、神经中枢损伤为主。广东地产毒性中药材主要具有清热解毒、消肿止痛等功效(即抗菌、抗病毒、抗癌),多用于治疗脊髓型颈椎病、腰椎间盘疾病、癌痛,促使白血病、前列腺癌等肿瘤细胞凋亡。结论对广东地产中毒性中药材药性研究进行更系统的分析,可促使中药材药用功能更加明确,利于临床医务人员了解中毒表现症状及相关作用。