Increasing Uric Acid Concentration in Elderly With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

Objectives Plasma uric acid （UA） concentration was suspected to elevate in elderly with ischemic cardiomyopathy （ICM）. Methods We analyzed the data of 235 elderly aged 60 years and older with coronary heart disease： silent myocardial ischemia or angina pectoris confirmed by angiography. Among these patients, 154 had ICM defined as left ventricular end-diastolic diameter （LVDd） male 〉 55 mm, female 〉 50 mm （mean. 63.51 ± 7.70 mm） measured by echocardiography. Difference in UA was analyzed between patients with and without ICM. Results There was significant increase of UA in ICM compared with non-ICM （432.82 ± 143.05 umol/L vs 361. 06 ± 137.35 umol/L, P 〈 0. 05 ） ; and UA was positively related to LVDd （ r = 0. 25, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions There was significant increase of UA in elderly with ICM due to longterm silent myocardial ischemia and angina pectoris. Moreover, UA was positively related to LVDd. （ S Chin J Cardiol 2009; 10（4） ： 212 -215）     

A first‐in‐man study of percutaneous myocardial cryotreatment in nonrevascularizable patients with refractory angina

Objectives : To evaluate the safety and feasibility of myocardial cryotreatment for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and severe angina refractory to standard treatment. Background : Innovative myocardial revascularization strategies are needed for patients with CAD and severe angina uncontrolled by conventional methods. Preclinical data have demonstrated that cryotherapy can induce myocardial neovascularization through arteriogenesis. Methods : This was a two center, nonrandomized, study that enrolled 20 patients. All patients had CAD and severe angina (CCS Angina Class III or IV). Safety was the primary endpoint. Treatment involved 8–10 intramyocardial cryoapplications (at ≤?50°C), for 2 min by a specially designed percutaneous catheter at an identified ischemic area of the myocardium. Primary endpoint was safety, with secondary endpoints of angina severity, exercise tolerance, quality of life, and myocardial perfusion assessed by radionuclide scintigraphy. Results : The procedure was successful in 19 patients. There were three device‐related events, a pericardial tamponade requiring pericardiocenetesis, a clinically nonsignificant pericardial effusion, and an episode of ventricular tachycardia requiring cardioversion in one patient. Complete 12‐month follow‐up was obtained in 16 patients. Significant reduction in CCS angina scores and significant improvements in both exercise tolerance and quality of life (P < 0.05) were seen at 6 and 12‐month follow‐up. Although no significant differences were observed in myocardial perfusion in the overall group, marked improvement was detected in 8 (42%) patients. Conclusion : Cryotreatment is feasible and safe in patients with severe angina refractory to standard management. Early efficacy results are encouraging and further clinical study is warranted. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

可溶性CD40L对不稳定型心绞痛近期预后的影响

目的探讨sCD40L对不稳定型心绞痛（UA）近期预后的影响。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法对uA患者49例、稳定型心绞痛（SA）患者20例及对照组20例入院时血浆sCD40L水平进行检测,并对UA患者住院期间及出院后30d的急性不良心血管事件进行随访。结果①UA组患者入院时血浆sCD40L水平[（9．39±1．89）ng／ml]显著高于SA组[（5．92±2．06）ng／ml]（P〈0．01）和正常对照组[（4．91±1．97）ng／ml]（P〈0．01）,SA组略高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义。②UA患者中血浆sCD40L增高组住院期间和出院后30d急性不良心血管事件发生率显著高于血浆sCD40L正常组（P〈0．01）。结论UA患者血浆sCD40L显著增高。sCD40L可以作为冠心病易损斑块的血清学标记物,其水平对uA的近期预后有很好的预测价值。     

Heparin Anticoagulation Responsiveness in a Coronary Care Unit: A Prospective Observational Study

The aim of this study is to assess the practice of heparin administration in real‐life situations. This study was conducted at the coronary care unit (CCU) in one of the busiest hospitals in Kuwait; with special attention to the rate of heparin resistance, potential factor that may predict resistance or responsiveness and heparin related complications. A prospective observational study was conducted in Farwania hospital over a 4‐month period; this study included 146 patients admitted to the CCU. Patients were treated with UFH according to a standard normogram. Several variables were collected and analyzed, including demographic data, initial diagnosis, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) on admission and at 6, 24, and 48 h after UFH administration, and any complications that occurred. A significant number of patients had subtherapeutic APTT at 6, 24, and 48 h (41.1%, 42.3%, and 46.7%, respectively). There were four factors that predicted heparin resistance, including race, gender, admitting diagnosis (unstable angina vs. acute myocardial infarction), and an APTT ratio of less than one on admission. There was no significant difference in the rate of development of complications among different groups. Heparin resistance is a common phenomenon especially in the first period of heparin therapy. Special attention should be given to some groups like females, patients admitted with unstable angina, and those with APTT below the normal range. Evidence based protocols for Heparin administration and monitoring must be adopted to prevent the risk of under or over anticoagulation.     

延迟相缺血预处理心肌保护时间窗的临床探讨

目的探讨心肌梗死患者延迟相缺血预处理的心肌保护时间窗。方法行直接冠状动脉介入治疗的急性心肌梗死患者150例,根据梗死前心绞痛发作时间分为三组：无心绞痛组（1组）55例,〈72 h心绞痛组（2组）55例,〉72 h心绞痛组（3组）40例。统计患者一般临床情况、院内预后指标、出院前的左室射血分数,肌酸激酶和肌酸激酶同工酶的曲线下面积反映患者的心肌梗死面积。结果除年龄外,其余各项临床指标在三组间均无统计学差异。2组和3组的心肌梗死面积明显低于1组（P〈0.01）,但2组的充血性心力衰竭/休克、复合终点发生率明显低于1组和3组（P〈0.01或0.05）。梗死前心绞痛的心肌保护作用与年龄、抗心绞痛药物以及侧支循环无关。结论临床缺血预处理的保护时间窗不同于动物实验,可能大于72 h。     

Disseminated multiple ostial stenoses in a young woman presenting as unstable angina

A previously healthy 40-year-old woman presented as unstable angina. She had a family history of stroke as the only cardiovascular risk factor. Her blood pressure on admission was 150/90 mmHg. Laboratory study showed absolutely all negative markers of inflammation, autoimmune disorders, or atherosclerosis. Coronary angiography revealed subtotal ostial stenosis of the right coronary artery (RCA). Additionally, total occlusion of the ostium of the right subclavian artery and severe discrete ostial stenoses of left subclavian, celiac, superior mesenteric, both renal arteries were demonstrated on multidetector computed tomographic and magnetic resonance angiographies. She underwent stent implantation at the culprit lesion of RCA, and the left subclavian and both renal arteries. The fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography-computed tomography showed slightly increased glucose metabolism at the proximal left subclavian artery. She is doing very well for 10 months during taking antiplatelet agents only.     

远端第四点固定因素在亚洲型防旋股骨近端髓内钉治疗老年骨质疏松性不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折中的作用

目的 评估远端的稳定在亚洲型防旋股骨近端髓内钉(PFNA-Ⅱ)治疗老年骨质疏松性不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折中的作用。方法 回顾性分析2018年5月至2020年5月唐山市第二医院和唐山市工人医院收治的110例老年骨质疏松性不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折患者的临床资料。按照PFNA-Ⅱ主钉的长度,将患者分为短髓内钉组(54例,采用240mm短髓内钉,确保三点固定)和长髓内钉组(56例,采用325mm长髓内钉,确保四点固定)。比较2组患者的手术指标、并发症及随访指标情况。采用SPSS 25.0统计软件进行数据分析,根据数据类型,分别采用t检验或χ²检验进行组间比较。结果 长髓内钉组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间与短髓内钉组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);长髓内钉组术中透视时间、并发症发生率、部分负重时间、完全负重时间、骨折愈合时间、恢复至术前行走能力的比例及股骨干再骨折率均优于短髓内钉组(P＜0.05)。术后6个月、末次随访时长髓内钉组颈干角优于短髓内钉组[(103.53°±6.29°)和(90.37°±5.88°),(139.47°±6.5°)和(116.01°±6.52°)]、Harris评分优于短髓内钉组[(71.40±4.15)和(62.33±4.01)分,(85.79±4.81)和(74.98±4.58)分],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 远端第四点固定因素可确保髓内钉固定治疗老年骨质疏松性不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折时的四点固定,实现髓内钉整体的远端稳定。针对该类患者采用长髓内钉治疗效果优于短髓内钉,能够降低股骨干再骨折率。     

病毒唑气雾剂辅助治疗小儿疱疹性咽峡炎的临床观察

目的观察和评价病毒唑气雾剂局部用药辅治小儿疱疹性咽峡炎临床疗效及安全性。方法 3个月～7岁疱疹性咽峡炎患儿68例,随机分成实验组和对照组各34例。两组常规处理方法相同,实验观察组加用病毒唑气雾剂局部喷洒患处。观察不同治疗方法对患儿体温、拒食、局部疱疹与溃疡等变化的差异。结果实验组治疗后体温下降至正常所需时间(2.11±1.01)d,对照组(2.97±0.88)d(P<0.01);实验组拒食症状消失所需时间(2.45±1.66)d,对照组(3.63±1.40)d(P<0.01);实验组疱疹和溃疡消退所需时间(3.82±1.13)d,对照组(4.65±0.94)d(P<0.01)。结论病毒唑气雾剂局部用药辅治小儿疱疹性咽峡炎因局部用药浓度高故疗效好,安全可靠,使用方法简单,依从性好,值得临床推广应用。