The effect of isosorbide-5-mononitrate (5-ISMN) Durules(R) on exercise tolerance in patients with exertional angina pectoris. A placebo controlled study

Twenty-four patients with stable exercise-induced angina pectorisentered a double-blind cross-over study. Isosorbide-5-mononitrate(5-ISMN) 60 mg in a controlled release formulation (Durules^®)given once daily was compared with identical placebo. The exercisetolerance was determined by bicycle ergometry before and 3 hafter a single dose of 5-ISMN and following one week's treatmentwith 5-ISMN and placebo. Nineteen patients completed the study.Exercise tolerance until the onset of chest pain and until 1mm ST segment depression increased significantly 3 h after dose.The same increase was seen both after a single dose and thesame dose under steady-state conditions. No increase was seenwith placebo. The heart rate and systolic blood pressure reactionsin the standing position were less pronounced 3 h after dosein steady-state than after a single dose of 5-ISMN. Headachewas the only bothersome side-effect reported. The study demonstratesthat 60 mg 5-ISMN in a Durules^® formulation given once dailyhas a significant anti-anginal effect and that tolerance doesnot develop.     

Effects of single oral doses of bisoprolol and atenolol on airway function in nonasthmatic chronic obstructive lung disease and angina pectoris

Summary A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover investigation in 12 patients with non-asthmatic chronic obstructive lung disease and co-existing stable angina pectoris was done to compare two ₁-selective adrenoceptor blocking agents, atenolol 100 mg and bisoprolol 20 mg. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP), heart rate (HR) as well as airway resistance (AWR, and less frequently forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) and intrathoracic gas volume (ITGV) were measured in the sitting position before and at various times up to 24 h after drug intake.During the first 4 h both beta-blockers produced a significant reduction in HR in comparison to placebo (p<0.01). Atenolol 100 mg significantly increased AWR relative to placebo and bisoprolol (p<0.05). After 24 h, a significant reduction in HR (p<0.01) could only be demonstrated after bisoprolol, whereas atenolol alone led to a significant elevation in AWR relative to placebo and bisoprolol (p<0.05) at that time.It is concluded that bisoprolol appears to have a high degree of beta₁-selectivity, thus providing a wide split between beta₁- and beta₂-adrenoceptor blockade. Bisoprolol in its therapeutic dose range is expected to be relatively safe as regards bronchoconstriction in patients suffering both from hypertension and/or angina pectoris and chronic obstructive lung disease.     

基于数据挖掘探讨全国名中医王行宽诊疗胸痹心痛遣方用药规律及学术经验

目的：运用中医传承计算平台V3.0软件,研究王行宽教授治疗胸痹心痛遣方用药规律,传承王行宽教授诊疗胸痹心痛的学术经验。方法：收集整理2017—2020年王行宽教授于湖南中医药大学门诊诊疗冠心病心绞痛患者的原始病历资料,录入中医传承计算平台V3.0,运用软件进行方药规律研究。结果：共收集王行宽教授治疗胸痹心痛处方1 044则,所用药物多为甘、苦药物,归经以肺经为主,其次为心、脾、肝、胃、肾经;所用方剂中使用最多的经方是生脉散,最高的经验方是心痛灵Ⅲ号方;高频数药物主要有麦冬、半夏、丹参、瓜蒌皮、黄连、五味子、柴胡等药物;药物的常用剂量多为3、5、10、15 g;组方规律分析得到常用药组合129个,置信度>0.99的组合有58个,并得到常见证型核心药物;药物聚类得到6个核心药物组合。结论：王行宽教授论治胸痹心痛以益气养营、豁痰化瘀、疏肝利胆为治疗思路,并根据胸痹心痛不同证型予以辨证施治,体现其“多脏调燮、综合治理”的学术思想,其核心处方可供临床从业者参考,但仍需要进一步的临床及实验研究验证其疗效。     

心痛安颗粒剂对不稳定性心绞痛患者血小板功能及凝血系统的影响

目的 :观察心痛安颗粒剂对不稳定性心绞痛患者血小板和凝血系统的作用。方法 :6 0例不稳定性心绞痛患者随机分为心痛安组 (30例 ,常规西药加心痛安颗粒剂治疗 )与对照组 (30例 ,单用常规西药治疗 ) ,观察治疗前后血小板最大聚集率 (Ma% )血小板 α颗粒膜糖蛋白 (GMP- 140 )和 D-二聚体 (D- D)的变化。结果 :治疗后 ,心痛安颗粒组的 Ma% ,GMP- 140和 D- D经治疗后明显下降 ,下降幅度明显大于对照组。结论 :心痛安颗粒剂可能通过抑制血小板聚集、活化和纤维蛋白合成而发挥治疗不稳定性心绞痛的作用。     

低分子肝素治疗不稳定型心绞痛33例疗效观察

目的：探讨低分子肝素治疗不稳定型心绞痛的疗效及安全性,方法：不稳定型心绞痛33例,经内科常规药物治疗疗效不佳,加用低分子肝素0．4ml,2次／d腹壁皮下注射,疗程10d。结果：低分子肝素治疗后总有效率93．9％,心绞痛发作次数,持续时间,硝酸甘油用量均显著减少（P＜0．01）,全血粘度,血浆粘度和纤维蛋白原均明显降低（P＜0．05）,无发生急性心肌梗塞和猝死,无出血不良反应,结论：低分子肝素治疗不稳定型心绞痛安全,有效。     

梗死前心绞痛对急性心肌梗死溶栓-再灌注的影响

目的 :探讨梗死前心绞痛与急性心肌梗死溶栓 再灌注的关系。方法 :对 2 7例梗死前 1周内有不稳定性心绞痛和 2 5例梗死前无心绞痛的患者进行比较。 2组基础临床情况相匹配。梗死范围大小根据血清酶和∑R、NQ来估计 ,冠脉再通时间以抬高最明显的ST段迅速下降达 5 0 %为准。结果 :溶栓后 30min内梗死前心绞痛组 33%冠脉再通 ,而梗死前无心绞痛组没有 1例再通 (P <0 0 0 5 ) ;6 0min内再通率分别为 5 9%和 36 % (P <0 0 0 5 ) ;再通时间分别为 (49± 16 )min和 (6 9± 19)min(P <0 0 5 )。在梗死前心绞痛组 ,反映梗死范围大小的血清酶均明显低 ,而∑R相对较高 ,NQ数目相对较少 (均P <0 0 5 )。结论 :梗死前心绞痛组溶栓效果较好 ,梗死范围较小 ,梗死前反复心绞痛可作为对溶栓治疗敏感的预测指标。     

梗死前心绞痛对初次急性心肌梗死后QTd及严重室性心律失常的影响

目的 :观察 2 4h内心绞痛发作对初次急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者住院期间严重室性心律失常及 QT离散度 (QTd)的影响。方法 :184例初次 AMI患者 ,分为梗死前心绞痛 (PA)组 ,5 8例 ;无梗死前心绞痛 (NPA)组 ,12 6例。观察住院期间心脏并发症及 QTd。结果 :两组间一般临床情况、冠心病危险因素、AMI前用药情况、AMI后抗心律失常药物使用、溶栓成功率及入院后肌酸磷酸激酶 (CK)及其 MB亚型 (CK- MB)峰值无显著差异。PA组及 NPA组早期 QTd分别为 (5 6 .2 2± 18.40 )及 (84.45±2 1.90 ) m s,(P<0 .0 5 ) ;晚期 QTd分别为 (5 0 .6 7± 16 .34 )及 (6 4.18± 16 .41) ms(P<0 .0 5 )。PA组严重室性心律失常、心力衰竭、心源性休克发生率及院内心源性病死率明显低于 NPA组。结论 :梗死前心绞痛显著降低 AMI患者住院期间 QTd值及严重室性心律失常的发生率。提示该结果可能与缺血预适应对心肌及心室泵功能的保护及改善心室肌复极的非同步性有关     

冠心病经皮冠状动脉内成形术的临床应用

目的：观察心绞痛、心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉内成形术（PTCA）的安全性和有效性。方法：不稳定型心绞痛3例,急性心肌梗死2例。其中病变血管6支,回旋支远端狭窄1例,左前降支完全闭塞1例,左前降支近端狭窄3例（其中1例合并右冠状动脉中段狭窄）。分别行PTCA或PTCA加支架术。结果：PTCA成功4例,失败1例。PTCA后有3例发现内膜撕裂和血管壁塌陷,随即行支架植入。术前急性心肌梗死溶栓治疗临床试验（TIMI）血流0－1级,术后均恢复TIMI血流3级。术后随访1－3个月,患者均无心绞痛发作。结论：PTCA和支架植入,是冠状血管再通安全而有效的方法。     

有心绞痛病史急性心肌梗死患者的冠脉造影特点

目的 :探讨有心绞痛病史的急性心肌梗死患者冠脉病变特点。方法 :对 94例急性心肌梗死患者进行冠脉造影。结果 :心梗前有心绞痛病史的急性心肌梗死患者冠脉病变严重 ,累及血管支数多 ,病变形态复杂 ,侧支循环丰富 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :心绞痛对急性心肌梗死有保护作用     

果糖治疗不稳定性心绞痛的临床疗效

目的　观察果糖治疗不稳定性心绞痛的疗效 .方法　 138例患者随机分为果糖组 (70例 )和对照组 (6 8例 ) ,观察心绞痛发作次数 ,12导联心电图变化和心脏事件发生次数(心肌梗死、猝死、严重的心律失常 ) .结果　心绞痛发作次数 :果糖组和对照组明显低于治疗前 (P<0 .0 1) ,治疗后果糖组也明显低于对照组 [(0 .6 8± 0 .5 7)次· d- 1 vs(1.0 4± 0 .81)次· d- 1 ,P<0 .0 1];12导联心电图改善的比较 :果糖组 (4 9/70例 )明显优于对照组 (36 / 6 8例 ,P<0 .0 5 ) ;心脏事件发生上 ,果糖组明显低于对照组 (8/ 70例比 17/ 6 8例 ,P <0 .0 5 ) .结论　果糖治疗不稳定性心绞痛有明显的临床疗效