Mating-type loci segregate aberrantly in Phytophthora infestans but normally in Phytophthora parasitica: implications for models of mating-type determination

In the oomycete, Phytophthora infestans, mating type is determined by a locus that segregates in a non-Mendelian manner consistent with its linkage to a system of balanced lethals. The significance of this unusual phenomenon was addressed by studying the segregation patterns of DNA markers linked to mating type in the related species, P. parasitica. This was done using loci identified by either RAPD analysis of P. parasitica crosses or by cross-hybridization with RFLP markers linked to mating type in P. infestans. The resulting data revealed that, unlike P. infestans, mating type in P. parasitica was regulated by a locus displaying Mendelian segregation. An improved model for mating-type determination in Phytophthora is presented. Received: 21 October 1996 / 7 April 1997     

聚合酶链反应在鼠疫菌检测中的应用 研究

本文采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术，通过扩增鼠疫菌９．５ｋｂ质粒ｐｌａ基础上一个４７８ｂｌ片段，用于鼠疫菌检测，被试的４５株鼠疫菌扩增产物经琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析均呈现单一ＤＮＡ带，其分子量大小与预期结果符合。而假结核菌和一株缺６ＭＤ质粒鼠疫菌未见扩增带，洽部实验可在４ｈ内完成。本法具有快速、特异、敏感等优点，可用于不同生态型鼠疫菌的快速诊断和流行病学研究．     

心脏机械瓣膜置换术后分娩的临床研究

目的 探讨心脏机械瓣膜置换术后分娩的临床处理措施。方法 对19例心脏机械瓣膜置换手术后妊娠及分娩的资料进行回顾性分忻。结果 19例心脏机械瓣膜置换术后产妇均安全度过孕产期。分娩前后心功能Ⅰ～Ⅲ级，分娩时出血200～260m1，胎儿体重2950--3146g。无母婴死亡者，无胎儿出血以及畸形者。结论 心脏机械瓣膜置换术后心功能Ⅰ～Ⅲ级可安全度过孕产期。分娩采用剖宫产术为宜。妊娠期间口服抗凝剂(华法林)不增加分娩时母婴出血和新生儿畸形。     

骨盆骨折槽型固定器的研制及临床应用——附62例临床分析

为解决骨盆不稳定性骨折固定难，易产生并发症的难题，结合骨盆的特征进行研究，设计出一种新型骨盆骨折固定器，经62例骨盆不稳定性骨折的治疗观察，随访6个月～2年零6个月，治疗前后X线检查及临床疗效评定：治愈50例，好转12例，认为该固定器设计合理，操作简便，固定牢靠，有加压、撑开、纠正旋转等多项功能结合干一体，仅通过四枚4mm螺纹针，穿入髂骨的髂前上棘处，是一种治疗骨盆不稳定性骨折比较新颖和理想的外固定器。     

Serum markers for fibrosis and plasma transforming growth factor-β1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in comparison with patients with liver cirrhosis

In order to elucidate collagen metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue, we compared levels of different potential markers of collagen metabolism and plasma transforming growth factor-β₁ in patients with HCC and in patients with liver cirrhosis. Serum levels of prolyl hydroxylase and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in patients with HCC were significantly higher than those in patients with liver cirrhosis and increased with the size of the HCC tumour, whereas the serum levels of procollagen type III propeptide and type IV collagen 7S domain were similar in the two groups. In HCC, the increased plasma transforming growth factor-β₁ levels were closely correlated with serum levels of prolyl hydroxylase and the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1. These findings suggest that, in HCC tissue, the intracellular biosynthesis of collagen is enhanced, whereas the secretion of procollagen is disturbed and the degradation of collagen is suppressed by the excess production of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1. The results also suggest that plasma transforming growth factor-β₁ plays an important role in the altered metabolism of collagen in HCC.     

各型成人高原心脏病的临床特点

本文报告了303例各型成人高原心脏病的临床分析结果。成人高原心脏病单纯型比混合型具有发病急、心脏传导系统损害重、病变累及全心及治疗反应较好的特点。混合型系继发于高原红细胞增多症与高原高血压的慢性心脏损害。其消化系统与神经系统损害重。心高型以左心损害为主,左室扩大、左室肥厚、主动脉增宽弯曲及心律失常率分别高于心红型(P<0.05～0.01);心红型以右心损害为主,右室扩大、右室肥厚、肺动脉段与圆锥隆突率分别高于心高型(P<0.05～0.01);心红高型全心损害常见而且严重。根据各型成人高原心脏病的病理机制而采用不同治疗方法对提高该病的治愈率有重要意义。     

从脾论治磺脲类降糖药继发性失效

对 64例 2型糖尿病继发磺脲类降糖药失效患者 ,在继续口服磺脲类药的基础上加用健脾中药 ,结果显效 1 5例 ,有效 3 6例 ,无效 1 3例 ,总有效率 85 .2 4% ;治疗前后血糖明显下降 ,有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 0 1 )     

胰岛素泵治疗与2型糖尿病第一时相分泌的研究进展

随着对糖尿病机理研究的深入，发现胰岛β细胞第一时相分泌，对糖尿病的发生、发展有重要影响，新诊断2型糖尿病患者早期予胰岛素泵治疗，模拟生理性胰岛素分泌方式，可改善第一时相分泌，促进胰岛β细胞功能的修复，利于糖尿病的治疗及预后。