核因子-κB与创伤的关系及其在法医病理学中的应用

损伤时间推断是法医病理学的一个研究热点和难点。核因子-κB(NF-κB)是一种核转录调节蛋白,参与多种炎性介质的转录和调控。近年来研究发现NF-κB与机体创伤后的反应密切相关,其在损伤后的时序性表达可望在法医病理学用于损伤时间推断。     

咳嗽从肾论治

基于中医有关古代文献和个人的临床经验，作者举例说明咳嗽不仅能从肺治疗，从肾治疗也是行之有效的方法。     

神经内镜治疗脑室内病变

目的探讨脑室内病变的神经内镜治疗。方法应用神经内镜对68例脑室内病变进行治疗,其中松果体区肿瘤16例,囊性颅咽管瘤15例,丘脑肿瘤14例,脑室内囊肿16例,侵及室管膜下的胼胝体肿瘤3例,侧脑室脉络丛乳头状瘤2例,侧脑室猪囊尾蚴病1例,侧脑室内分流管脱落1例。结果随访17～69个月,56例有效,12例死于肿瘤扩散。无严重并发症。结论对脑室内病变选择性应用神经内镜治疗安全、有效。     

Inhibition of Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α mRNA by Nitric Oxide in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Rats

Hypoxiaisadirectfactorcausinghypoxicpul monaryhypertension (HPH) .hypoxiainduciblefac tor 1α (HIF 1α)isfoundtobethemostcrucialfactorsofarwhichmediatesthecellularresponsetohypoxi a[1] .OurpreviousstudyrevealedthatoverexpressionofHIF 1andendothelin 1(ET 1…     

Lipoprotein (a) levels in those with high molecular weight apo (a) isoforms may remain low in a significant proportion of patients with end-stage renal disease.

BACKGROUND: Studies have reported an increase in median Lipoprotein (Lp) (a) in patients with high molecular weight (HMW) apolipoprotein (apo) (a) isoforms and renal impairment. Some studies identify Lp (a) levels as a risk factor for vascular disease in renal failure whilst others have demonstrated an association with apo (a) isoform type and vascular disease. METHODS: A total of 239 patients at end-stage renal failure (ESRF) were studied prior to the initiation of dialysis. Blood was taken for Lp (a) levels and apo (a) isoforms. Clinical vascular disease (CVD) was assessed on the basis of clinical history and Rose questionnaire. The control group for Lp (a) levels consisted of 228 healthy volunteers. RESULTS: Despite a higher median Lp (a) level in those with HMW isoforms, 30% of patients had Lp (a) levels <10 mg/dl. Overall, 49% patients were identified as having CVD. Diabetes, smoking history and Lp (a) levels were significantly associated with CVD in logistic regression analysis, although when patients with low molecular weight (LMW) and HMW isoforms were analysed separately, Lp (a) levels were not significantly associated with CVD in those with LMW isoforms. The rates of CVD in those with HMW isoform and low Lp (a) levels were significantly lower than those with HMW isoforms and elevated Lp (a) levels, 34 vs 57% (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Although median Lp (a) levels in those patients at ESRF with HMW isoforms are higher than controls, in a third of such patients Lp (a) levels remain relatively low. These patients have lower rates of CVD than those with high levels of Lp (a).     

ENDOSCOPIC PANCREATIC STENTING IN CHRONIC PANCREATITIS WITH DUCTAL DILATION PROXIMAL TO A STRICTURE: A SAFE and EFFECTIVE PROTOCOL

After removal of intraductal stones, a 10‐Fr or 7‐Fr pancreatic stent was placed in 16 patients with upstream ductal dilation proximal to a stricture of the main pancreatic duct. Stents were removed after a mean duration of 52.5 days. Nine patients underwent repeated stenting. About one year after removal of the initial stent, when the remaining upstream ductal dilation was found on follow‐up pancreatograms, the next stent was replaced. Repeated stenting improved outflow of pancreatic juice more effectively than one‐time stenting. Correlation between long‐term pain relief without recurrence of intraductal stones and reduction of duct diameter was also shown. Stent occlusion was observed in 14 of 30 stents. Stent occlusion was frequently associated with recurrence of pancreatitis and intraductal stones, and was also associated with morphologic changes in the pancreatic ductal system. Although there were no significant differences between stent patency of the initial stents and that of the next stents, stent patency of 10‐Fr stents was superior to that of 7‐Fr stents. 10‐Fr stents should be removed within 8 weeks and 7‐Fr stents should be removed within 4 weeks for the prevention of stent occlusion. Repeated stenting with short‐term stenting is therefore considered a safe and effective protocol of endoscopic pancreatic stenting.     

纳米技术在肿瘤诊断与治疗中的现状与展望

目的介绍21世纪前沿科技--纳米技术在肿瘤诊断与治疗中的现状与展望.方法通过检索国内外文献,从肿瘤的诊断与治疗两方面分别论述.结果纳米技术在肿瘤诊断与治疗中有其巨大优势.结论尚处初级阶段,广泛应用于临床还需多方努力.     

股骨头缺血性坏死的病理和影像学研究进展

目的：探讨股骨头缺血坏死的病理和影像学研究进展情况。方法：阅读并分析关于股骨头缺血坏死的文献。结果：影像学检查反映疾病的病理改变，在诊断中占有重要地位。结论：磁共振成像具有很高的敏感性和准确性，不仅能发现股骨头坏死的早期病变，且能反映病变的范围和程度，对早期诊断和治疗具有积极意义。