光疗法治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效观察

[背景 ]观察 2种光疗方法治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效 .[病例报告 ]将 6 0例新生儿高胆红素血症患儿随机分为 2个组 ,分别给予每天 12h间断光疗及 2 4h持续光疗 ,观察其疗效 ,结果示 2种疗法的疗效间无显著性差异 .[讨论 ]12h间断光疗方法值得临床推广应用     

高果糖诱导IR大鼠模型血清脂质代谢的改变及意义

目的: 评估高果糖膳食对机体胰岛素敏感性及血清脂质代谢的影响及意义.方法:以高果糖膳食(果糖占总热量34.5%)诱导并经钳夹技术证实建立胰岛素抵抗(IR)大鼠模型,生化比色法测定血清游离脂肪酸(FFA),生化酶法测定血清甘油三酯(TG)及总胆固醇(TC).结果:高果糖膳食喂养4周后,实验组大鼠葡萄糖输注率由(11.5±0.6)mg/kg·min-1下降至(6.6±0.4)mg/kg·min-1(P<0.01);血清FFA由(0.45±0.09)mmol/L增至(0.78±0.19)mmol/L(P<0.01);TG由(0.54±0.10)mmol/L增至(0.96±0.22)mmol/L(P<0.01);TC由(1.96±0.32)mmol/L增至(2.42±0.21)mmol/L(P<0.01).结论:高果糖膳食可导致机体严重IR,是建立IR大鼠模型的有效手段;该模型同时伴有血清脂代谢各相关指标的明显异常,血脂的变化既是IR的结果,也是IR向纵深发展的原因和必要条件.     

Extended total arch replacement for type B aortic dissection with ascending aneurysm following healed aortic dissection

We describe a case of type B aortic dissection with large ascending aortic aneurysm occurring 12.8 years after aortic root replacement (Cabrol procedure) in a non-Marfan patient with cystic medial necrosis of the aorta. We have successfully performed an extended total aortic arch replacement using a four-branched graft through the “L-indsion” approach (a combination of a left anterior thoracotomy and upper half median sternotomy). Of note, a histological specimen from the aneurysmal ascending aortic wall revealed “healed aortic dissection” with fibrous tissue replacing the media and intima in addition to multiple foci of cystic medial necrosis.     

Catastrophic failure of modular Zirconia—Ceramic femoral head components after total hip arthroplasty

Catastrophic failure of two zirconia—ceramic modular femoral heads occurred, despite the theoretical improved toughness of zirconia—ceramic relative to alumina—ceramic. This experience led the authors to return to cobalt—chromium as the metal of choice for articulation against polyethylene in total hip arthroplasty.     

乙醇毒染大鼠睾丸总抗氧化能力、一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶的变化与生殖细胞凋亡的关系

目的:探讨饮酒大鼠睾丸总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、一氧化氮(NO)含量和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性的变化与生殖细胞凋亡的关系。方法:20只成年健康SD雄性大鼠随机均分为对照组和实验组,实验组和对照组分别用50%的乙醇溶液和蒸馏水按10 m l/kg每晚灌胃1次连续26 d(两个生精周期)后,用硝酸还原酶法测定睾丸组织中NO含量;用化学比色法测定其T-AOC和NOS活性;原位缺口末端标记(TUNEL)法检测生殖细胞凋亡指数(AI)的变化。结果:与对照组相比,实验组生殖细胞AI增加(P<0.01);睾丸组织T-AOC极显著下降(P<0.01),而NO含量明显上升(P<0.01)、NOS活性显著增强(P<0.01)。结论:大量饮酒能诱导生殖细胞凋亡增加,NOS活性增强导致NO的过量产生及T-AOC的显著下降是其重要原因。     

Reinforcement rings in acetabular revisions: our trends

The authors, reviewing the international literature with their clinical experience developed in reconstructive surgery of acetabular defects due to aseptic loosening of acetabular cups, suggest their guidelines to the right use of acetabular reinforcement rings. Received: 8 September 2001/Accepted: 4 November 2001     

Total extrusion of the talus: A case report

Total extrusion of the talus without recovery of the bone is a very unusual injury. The authors present a case of a 25-year-old man who sustained an open total enucleation of the talus in a motorcycle accident. The talus was not recovered at the scene of the accident. An immediate tibiocalcaneal stabilization was performed by using an external fixator. In the postoperative period, a polymicrobic infection was observed and treated with parenteral antibiotics. Nine months after injury, the patient developed an infection of both the empty space and the distal third of the tibia. A wound debridement with tibial sequestrectomy and insertion of gentamicin-impregnated polymethylmethacrylate beads was performed. Three months later, after multiple negative bacteriologic examinations, a tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis with staples and autogenous bone graft was performed. Because of a pseudoarthrosis, the patient underwent a revision of the arthrodesis by retrograde tibiocalcaneal nailing, achieving clinical and radiographic success. The definitive treatment of total enucleation of the talus is still controversial because of its rarity and the high rate of complications, such as avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis, and ankle stiffness. In this case, without recovery of the talus, retrograde nailing afforded good stability by bypassing the bone defects.     

Stereological ultrastructural analysis of rat cardiomyocytes after total hyperthermia

Hyperthermia results in the suppression of intracellular regeneration in cardiomyocytes, manifested as intensified lysis and destruction of organelles, and leads to myocardial atrophy. Intracellular reorganization of cardiomyocytes is characterized by increases in the volume and surface density of myofibrils, sarcoplasmic reticulum, and T system. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 117, N ^o 1, pp. 96–100, January, 1994 Presented by V. A. Trufakin, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Estimating neuron dendritic length in 3D from total vertical projections and from vertical slices

The recently developed method of total vertical projections is illustrated to estimate the total dendritic length of a human Substantia Nigra neuron. Next, the length of the different orders of dendritic branches, and the mean segment length for each order - commonly regarded as important parameters in neuron physiology - are also estimated. Finally, it is shown how to estimate the mean dendritic length in a population of neurons from vertical slices of arbitrary and unknown thickness. Being unbiased and highly efficient, the proposed methods offer interesting alternatives to current procedures used for the metric analysis of neuron arborizations.     

ARTHROSCOPIC REMOVAL OF ACRYLIC CEMENT FROM UNREDUCED HIP PROSTHESIS

A case is reported in which entrapped polymethylmethacrylate following traumatic dislocation of a total hip replacement prevented complete reduction. A combined arthroscopic and fluoroscopic technique was used to remove the entrapped polymethylmethacrylate. Manipulation of the total hip prosthesis was done after removal of polymethylmethacrylate to minimize mechanical abrasion. This technique allows direct visual assessment of the articulating surfaces as well as the mechanical stability of the prosthesis. The morbidity related to the procedure is minimal and a short rehabilitation period is the major advantage.