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??With the progress of the alveolar surgical technique and the renewal of the equipment??at present??all of the clinically affected teeth can be extracted by conventional extraction techniques and surgical extraction techniques. However??there are still complications in some particular cases of anatomical location. In order to avoid the occurrence of complications??some special equipment and techniques have also been used for the extraction of some complex teeth. This article elaborated the work principle??the merit and shortcoming and the application scope of some special equipment and the technology in order to provide reference for the choice of tooth extraction equipment in different clinical cases.     

中老年心血管疾病与牙缺失关联性的临床调查

目的 :探讨中老年患者心血管疾病与牙齿缺失的关联性。方法 :将2012-01—2014-12期间,进行种植修复的545例中老年牙列缺损或缺失的患者纳入研究。其中有心血管疾病的118例患者纳入研究组,无心血管疾病的427例患者纳入对照组。当"缺失牙数目<4颗"时,记为简单牙列缺损;当"缺失牙数目≥4颗"时,记为复杂牙列缺损。统计分析2组之间牙齿缺失数目、性别、年龄、吸烟史间的差异。结果:研究组中复杂牙列缺损人数多于对照组,两者差异具统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:中老年患者心血管疾病的罹患率与其牙齿缺失数目具有相关性。