创伤性肾动静脉瘘的介入治疗

目的 评价用介入技术治疗创伤性肾动静脉瘘(RAVFs)的安全性和疗效。方法 对8例不适宜做外科治疗的RAVFs患者进行了介入治疗，其中外伤性损伤4例，医源性损伤4例。6例行经导管超选择性肾动脉内钢丝圈栓塞术，2例行被覆膜支架置入患侧肾动脉内封闭瘘口。结果 血管造影显示肾内型动静脉瘘4例，累及肾动脉段-亚段级分支；主干(肾外)型动静脉瘘4例。治疗均获成功，治疗结束时复查血管造影显示瘘口被封闭。轻微并发症1例。医源性RAVFs患者术后失血症状迅速改善，肉眼血尿消失；4例术前存在心脏负荷过度症状患者，闭塞动静脉瘘后症状迅速改善，血管杂音消失。术后肾功能测定均属正常范围，其中2例肾动脉被覆膜支架置入患者，同位素肾扫描显示患侧肾脏形态、功能正常。术后随访10～42个月，2例分别于术后10，18个月死于与RAVFs无关的疾病。6例仍然生存，一般情况良好，未再针对RAVFs进行外科或介入治疗。结论 介入技术，包括经导管超选择性肾动脉内栓塞术和被覆膜支架置入术，是治疗创伤性、复杂型RAVFs的安全、有效的方法。     

基于RFID的病人用药安全管理新技术探讨

目前,我国在病人用药安全方面存在的主要问题是：病人本人用药安全意识淡漠、政府和卫生机构管理乏力、医院内部管理不规范、缺乏合适且有效的高新技术的支持。针对这些问题,提出基于先进的RFID技术的病人用药安全管理的新技术和解决方案,从而提高病患在用药过程中的安全系数,辅助相关医疗管理人员对药物进行准确有效的使用,防止用药安全事故的发生。     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的随访研究

目的探讨子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效。方法对47例子宫肌瘤患者进行选择性子宫动脉造影及栓塞治疗并进行术后随访,观察其子宫肌瘤血供特点、临床疗效、肌瘤复发率。结果子宫肌瘤以一侧子宫动脉供血为主占85.1%,双侧子宫动脉同时供血14.9%,卵巢动脉参与供血6.4%。随访47例患者,治愈17%,显效68%,有效12.7%,无效2.12%,随访6～48个月未发现术后再发肌瘤。结论子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫肌瘤的方法安全有效,特别是对黏膜下子宫肌瘤可以达到瘤体消失治愈的效果。     

四氧化三铁微粒与碘化油混悬液栓塞兔肾动脉的实验研究

目的　探讨四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)微粒与碘化油(Lp)混悬液(suspension from magnetic microspheres with lipi odol, S Fe3O4 Lp)对兔肾动脉的栓塞和导向作用机制。方法　测定工业工艺制备粒径为 50~250μm 5 种规格的 Fe3O4微粒在Lp中的沉降时间、速度;实验组用粒径250μm的S Fe3O4 Lp对右肾动脉栓塞,对照组用Lp栓塞。两组于术后不同时间比较栓塞效果、观察血生化和病理学改变。结果　五种粒度的Fe3O4 微粒能在一定时间范围内悬浮于Lp中;栓塞效果实验组优于对照组;实验组栓塞部位Fe3O4 微粒与Lp存留存在明显正相关关系(P<0.005,r=0.76)。结论　粒径为250μm的S Fe3O4 Lp对兔肾动脉栓塞效果好,无明显毒副反应;栓塞过程中Fe3O4 微粒与Lp具有同步、同向性,是S Fe3O4 Lp发挥导向性栓塞的基础。     

Evaluating therapeutic outcome in epileptic patients using the changes of interval and duration

BACKGROUND: Seizure frequency is in abnormal distribution, and it is not enough to express the trend of concentration using means, and its median loses a lot of information, thus it lacks of a standard for evaluating the therapeutic effects based on seizure frequency. OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for evaluating the therapeutic effects on anti-epileptic drugs using changes of interval and duration of seizure. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. SETTING: Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Outpatients and inpatients suffering from epilepsy attending firstly visited Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital from June 2001 to June 2002 were enrolled. They were diagnosed as epileptic according to the International Classification of Epileptic Seizure by International League Against Epilepsy (1981) based on the clinical history, physical examination, and investigations. The interval time was no more than 6 months. Informed consent was obtained from all the subjects, and the study was approved by the hospital ethical committee. METHODS: ① For the first visit and each follow-up, the following data were recorded, including general demographic information, seizure type, the date and time of ictus, the duration of ictus, and inducement or situation related, according to which the following indexes could be calculated, including seizure styles, interval, duration, cluster frequency and cluster duration. The information from the first review was noted as annals A. The second interview was taken at the end of the evaluating period; the information from the second review was noted as annals B. The third interview was taken within two weeks after the second one; the information from the third review was noted as annals C. The annals B or the annals C were respectively compared with the annals A in the light of the same types or the same styles of the same patient. Summation of the scores of interval change and duration change of the same type or the same style and 5 of basic score was the score of a corresponding seizure type or a corresponding style of one patient. In order to test its reliability and validity, the score of change of frequency or duration plus 5 scores respectively was the score of frequency or duration. ② Reliability and validity were tested by calculating corresponding correlation coefficient with SPSS 11.0. ROC curve was used for developing diagnostic criterion of predicting therapeutic effects with SPSS 11.0. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Reliability and validity; ② Diagnostic criterion for predicting therapeutic effects one year later. RESULTS: Totally 28 patients were involved in the final analysis of results. ① Reliability and validity were high: rinter-rater=0.98, rtest-retest=0.99, rconstruct validity=0.83. ② A total score > 6 was the optimal diagnostic criteria for predicting therapeutic effects one year later, in other words, a patient who scored more than 6 at the evaluating period may be seizure-free one year later. CONCLUSION: It is a potential tool for evaluating epileptic therapeutic outcome, and it can be diffusely used in interrelated fields after being further validated.     

肝动脉解剖变异在中晚期肝癌介入治疗中的意义

目的 探讨放射学肝动脉解剖变异及其在中晚期肝癌介入导管治疗中的临床意义。方法 回顾性分析125例中晚期肝癌肝动脉造影表现及其介入治疗资料。结果 125例中107例(85．6％)有典型肝动脉分布。肝动脉变异18例(14．4％)，其中肝右动脉变异10例(8％)，而又以肝右动脉始于肠系膜上动脉者最多，占6．4％。副肝左动脉变异1例(0．8％)。肝左动脉和肝右动脉同时变异2例(1．6％)。肝总动脉变异3例(2．4％)。胃十二指肠动脉起自肝右动脉和腹腔动脉各1例(1．6％)。对123例成功进行了肝动脉化疗栓塞，2例肝右动脉变异因角度关系超选插管未成功。结论 认识肝动脉解剖变异有助于提高插管的成功率和中晚期肝癌的介入治疗疗效。     

一种有效提高小丸微波干燥能力及质量的装置

介绍一种能提高小丸微波干燥能力,避免小丸干燥开裂、过火等现象,可以提高小丸微波干燥均匀度的装置。     

Predictors of employment in substance-using male and female welfare recipients

This study examined predictors of employment among substance-using men and women enrolled in welfare-to-work programs. Participants were 394 welfare applicants assigned to either coordinated care management or usual care for treatment services and job training and followed up for 1 year to track employment outcomes. Common barriers to work were assessed at baseline in four key domains: disabilities, situational barriers, labor capital, and motivation. Results indicated substantial gender differences in the number and profile of work barriers. Among men, work experience and job motivation were the only significant predictors of employment; among women, multiple factors from each barrier domain predicted job acquisition even when controlling for all other significant predictors. Findings suggest that welfare-to-work programs should emphasize job training and job seeking during the early stages of welfare interventions for men and for many women.     

Hospital care of osteoporosis-related vertebral fractures

 Resource implications of hospitalization for osteoporosis-related vertebral fracture are sparsely documented. This study utilized data abstracted from a national sample of hospitalized patients to identify characteristics of patients who are hospitalized with vertebral fracture and their patterns of resource utilization. These were compared with patterns observed for hip fracture hospitalizations. Data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for 1997 were used to identify men and women age 45 years and above who had a primary diagnosis of vertebral fracture. After patients whose fractures might have been due to metastatic cancer or severe trauma were excluded, 68 901 individuals hospitalized for vertebral fracture were identified. Seventy-seven percent of these were women, most were white, 75 years and older, and had multiple comorbid diagnoses. Total charges averaged US$8000–10 000 per hospitalization and were higher in men. Mean length of stay was just under 6 days and more than 50% of discharged patients required some form of continuing care. Hospitalizations for vertebral fracture occurred at only one-fourth the rate of those for hip fracture, and created only half the hospital charges per admission. Vertebral fracture accounted for over 400 000 total hospital days and generated charges in excess of US$500 million. This resource impact is considerably higher than has been described in prior studies. Received: 25 June 2002 / Accepted: 13 August 2002 Acknowledgement This research was supported by Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals and Aventis.