门诊抽血室医院感染标本检测结果分析

目的 :了解门诊抽血室医院内感染情况。方法 :通过对空气培养、医护人员的手、物体表面、使用中的消毒液 4项指标 112 0份标本进行监测分析。结果 :112 0份标本检验结果合格 10 30份 ,合格率 92 % ,不合格标本 90份 ,培养出细菌 87份。结论 :通过监测抽血室的医院感染标本 ,了解了院内感染情况 ,有效地减少和防止了医护人员之间、医患之间以及和家属之间的交叉感染 ,提高了医疗护理质量 ,预防了医院交叉感染的发生。     

What the structure of angiostatin may tell us about its mechanism of action

Summary.  Originally discovered in 1994 by Folkman and coworkers, angiostatin was identified through its antitumor effects in mice and later shown to be a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. An internal fragment of plasminogen, angiostatin consists of kringle domains that are known to be lysine-binding. The crystal structure of angiostatin was the first multikringle domain-containing structure to be published. This review will focus on what is known about the structure of angiostatin and its implications in function from the current literature.     

完全性房室间隔缺损的外科治疗

目的回顾性总结手术治疗完全性房室间隔缺损的经验。方法112例病儿,≤6个月43例(38%,X组),>6个月69例(62%,Y组)。85例行心导管检查。Rastelli A型89例,Rastelli B型10例,Ras- telli C型13例。手术技术分单片法,双片法和简化单片法。术中经食管超声检查发现异常而即刻再次手术者7例(二尖瓣反流4例,二尖瓣狭窄2例,左室流出道梗阻1例)。术后入重症监护室,左房压8～21 mm Hg,中心静脉压7～12mm Hg。呼吸机平均应用47h,监护室平均滞留6.3d。结果室间隔缺损残余分流(直径>2mm)13例,二尖瓣中度反流12例,完全性房室传导阻滞4例。院内死亡6例(X组1例,Y组5例)。术后随访91例(81%),随访1～5年,平均2.3年。1例术后1年因肺炎心衰死亡,1例术后2年因二尖瓣中-重度反流而换瓣。结论院内死亡率提示,小于6月龄完全性房室间隔缺损病婴手术是安全的。随着年龄增大,瓣膜成形效果、肺动脉高压的预后可能会更差。双片法修补室间隔缺损较易发生残余漏(9例,18%),简化单片法出院时二尖瓣关闭不全发生率明显高于另外两种方法(6例,16%)。     

Perceptions of facial aesthetics in surgical patients with basal cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a non-melanoma form of skin cancer that is frequently localized within the cervicofacial area. So far, little research is available on how patients perceive their facial aesthetics after surgical treatment for BCC. OBJECTIVES: To analyse (i) if there was a statistically significant improvement over time with regard to the perceived facial aesthetics of surgical patients; (ii) if there was a significant difference between primary and recurrent BCC patients; and (iii) between patients who had Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) or surgical excision (SE). To assess (iv) which baseline perceptions and/or clinical parameters may predict the evaluation of facial aesthetics at 6 months after surgery. METHODS: Parallel to a clinical trial, a survey was carried out in which patients were asked, by means of a newly developed disease-specific questionnaire, about perceptions with regard to their facial aesthetics before and after surgery. RESULTS: Aesthetic perceptions of all surgical patients improved over time. There was no statistically significant difference on facial aesthetics between the group with a primary or recurrent BCC and patients treated with MMS or SE. Results also showed that the evaluation of postsurgical facial aesthetics can be predicted by both visibility of the tumour and preoperative perceptions. CONCLUSION: It is recommended to administer preoperatively a short questionnaire in which perceptions related to facial aesthetics are included. In doing so, physicians will become more familiar with the aesthetic problems patients might have regarding their afflicted facial site. Ultimately, it may help physicians in deciding whether patients will benefit from additional cosmetic procedures after surgery.     

加替沙星序贯治疗下呼吸道细菌感染的药物经济学评价

目的对加替沙星序贯治疗下呼吸道细菌感染进行药物经济学评价。方法将69例下呼吸道细菌性感染患者，随机分为A组（34例）、B组（35例），其中A组采用加替沙星注射液400mg静脉滴注，每天1次，连用10天；B组先用加替沙星注射液400mg静脉滴注，每天1次，3—4天后改为口服400mg，每天1次，连用6—7天，然后对两种方案进行成本-效果分析。结果两组在临床疗效、不良反应发生率及细菌清除率方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；但A组的医疗费用却高于B组（P〈0．01）。结论加替沙星序贯疗法与单纯静脉滴注相比更安全，更经济合理。     

暴露前牙龈下残根进行桩冠修复

本文综述了暴露前牙龈下残根进行桩冠修复的两种方法,即牵引法与牙冠延长术,并对两者进行了比较、总结,在临床上有指导意义。     

减少护理人员医院感染危险因素的思考

减少护理人员医院感染的发生 ,是现代医院管理的重要内容之一 ,也是护理管理不容忽视的课题。为了提高护理人员对医院感染危险因素的认识和防护能力 ,通过对护理工作中医院感染危险因素的客观分析 ,探讨有效的护理干预和防护措施 ,以保证护理人员的安全     

合并异常冠状动脉法洛四联症和右心室双出口一期根治术

目的 总结合并异常冠状动脉的法洛四联症和右心室双出口一期根治术的经验，探讨有关外科技术的改进。方法1995年6月至2002年6月完成该类一期根治术12例，其中2例采取了肺动脉移位、3例在游离的左前降支下加宽右室流出道、5例改变右室切口并在冠状动脉下缝合、2例经肺动脉和右房疏通流出道。结果无手术死亡。随访3个月～6年，无晚期死亡和并发症发生。结论合并异常冠状动脉的法洛四联症和右心室双出口的一期根治手术是可行的，且效果良好，但必须采用适当的外科技术以保护异常的冠状动脉。