Transmitter sensitivities among various types of cultured brain stem neurons

We prepared cultures of dissociated cells from the lower brain stem of 14- to 15- day-old rat fetuses, and studied how neuronal activities of various types of neurons were influenced by application of various transmitters or transmitter-like substances. Unit discharges of the cultured neurons were recorded extracellularly, using suction micropipette, while the test substances were applied iontophoretically to the surface membrane of the cell body. We selected for testing 4 types of neurons with the typical appearance, i.e. multipolar, pyramidal, polygonal and fusiform one. Each type of neuron had specific sensitivities to acetylcholine and leucine-enkephalin. Amino acids and substance P acted to 4 types of neurons as either unanimous excitant or inhibitor. Monoamines and leucine-enkephalin had both inhibitory and facilitatory effect on unit discharges, although the inhibitory effect was dominant. These findings suggest that there is a specific relation between morphological properties of the brain stem neurons and their sensitivities to transmitters.     

Oronasopharyngeal suction versus no suction in normal, term and vaginally born infants: a prospective randomised controlled trial

This prospective randomised controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of oronasopharyngeal suction with those of no suction in normal, term and vaginally born infants and was performed at a Turkish tertiary hospital from June 2003 to January 2004. A total of 140 newborns were enrolled in the trial (n = 70 per group). The no suction group showed lower mean heart rates through the 3rd and 6th minutes and higher SaO(2) values through the first 6 mins of life (P < 0.001). The maximum time to reach SaO2 of >or= 92% (6 vs. 11 min) and >or= 86% (5 vs. 8 min) were shorter in the no suction group (P < 0.001).     

负压抽吸联合腋横皮纹小切口皮下修剪法治疗腋臭临床研究

目的：观察采用负压抽吸联合腋横皮纹小切口皮下修剪法治疗腋臭的临床效果与并发症的预防。方法：采用负压抽吸联合腋横皮纹小切口皮下修剪的手术方案治疗腋臭患者35例,并随访1年。结果：治愈33例,有效2例,无效0例,总有效率为100%,治愈率为94.29%,所有病例经随访1年以上无复发。结论：负压抽吸联合腋横皮纹小切口皮下修剪法治疗腋臭创伤较少、恢复较快、无明显瘢痕、治愈率高,并发症较少,值得临床推广应用。     

不同方法治疗高血压脑出血的临床效果比较

目的:研究高血压脑出血的最佳手术治疗方法.方法:回顾性分析本院采取三种不同术式治疗高血压脑出血患者的临床效果.结果:接受颅骨钻孔抽吸引流术患者术后GCS 评分显著优于接受大骨瓣开颅清除术患者,P＜0.05.结论:手术方式的选择应本着微创结合患者特征与术式适应症的原则进行.     

一次性吸痰管在开塞露治疗脑出血患者便秘中的应用

目的探讨一次性吸痰管在开塞露治疗脑出血患者便秘中的应用效果。方法选择2009年5月-2010年11月本院收治的脑出血便秘患者100例,随机分为对照组和试验组,每组各50例。对照组常规应用开塞露塞肛治疗便秘,试验组应用一次性吸痰管将开塞露经肛门注入直肠治疗便秘,比较两组患者便秘的疗效。结果两组患者便秘的疗效比较,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义,试验组便秘治疗总有效率高于对照组。结论一次性吸痰管具有良好的柔韧性和弹性,能将开塞露注入患者肛门深处,从而润滑大便,促进大便排出,达到有效治疗便秘的效果。     

影响人工气道患者吸痰时舒适度的相关因素以及护理对策

目的提高人工气道患者吸痰时的舒适度。方法通过对50例人工气道患者的调查分析,找出影响其吸痰时舒适度的相关因素并制定相应的护理对策,对后续77例患者采用相应的护理对策后评价效果。结果经实践后发现提高人工气道患者吸痰时舒适度的有效护理对策为:严格把握吸痰指征,吸痰压力执行三基吸痰标准,选用合适的吸痰管和合适的吸痰深度和时间,改良吸痰手法,操作熟练,吸痰过程中的有效沟通等。结论通过找出影响人工气道患者接受吸痰时舒适度的相关因素,采取相应护理对策,对患者进行舒适护理,可得满意效果。     

Migration of a GI Foreign Body into Retro Peritoneum Without Peritonitis

Reporting an unusual case of a GI foreign body migrating to retro peritoneum without peritonitis. A middle aged male patient presented to the outpatient department with low back pain, on evaluation there was long slender radio opaque foreign body present in the pelvis. Explarotary laparotomy done, surprisingly it was found to be a suction canula(metallic) used when undergoing tonsillectomy two years ago.     

痔吸注套扎疗法的临床应用

为探索吸注套扎疗法治疗各期内痔及混合痔内痔部分的临床效果,用此疗法治疗痔1256例,治愈率100％;597例随访3～5年,无复发,术中术后均无大出血等并发症。结果表明,此疗法疗效确切,操作简单,患者痛苦小,治疗费用低,适合在基层医疗单位推广应用。     

Effect of local lignocaine gel application for pain relief during suction termination of first-trimester pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effectiveness of local lignocaine gel application in pain control during first-trimester suction termination of pregnancy (STOP). METHODS: In this prospective randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial, 131 women undergoing STOP between 7 and 10 weeks of gestation were studied. They were computer-randomized to receive 2% lignocaine gel or placebo (KY Jelly) locally applied to the cervix 1 min before cervical manipulation/dilatation. They all had cervical priming with misoprostol and premedication with diazepam and pethidine. Pain scores on a verbal analogue scale preoperative, at cervical manipulation/dilatation, intraoperative and 1 h post-operative, as well as the patients' satisfaction level towards pain control, were compared. RESULTS: The lignocaine gel group had significantly reduced overall intraoperative pain score compared with placebo group (P = 0.021). No significant difference in pain score between the two groups was demonstrated at other time points. Subgroup analysis revealed that the difference in overall intraoperative pain scores between the two groups was evident in the multiparous (P = 0.015) but not the nulliparous subjects. CONCLUSION: The use of local lignocaine gel application reduces overall intraoperative pain in multiparous women undergoing first-trimester STOP preceded by misoprostol cervical priming and premedication for conscious sedation.     

Diagnostic ability of EUS-FNA for pancreatic solid lesions with conventional 22-gauge needle using the slow pull technique: a prospective study

Abstract

Objective. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) using the slow pull technique (SP-FNA) has recently attracted attention as an effective tissue acquisition technique. However, efficacy of SP-FNA with a 22-gauge conventional needle remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic ability of SP-FNA with a 22-gauge needle. Material and methods. Patients with a pancreatic solid lesion were prospectively enrolled in this study. SP-FNA was performed at two needle passes with a 22-gauge needle. One dedicated pathologist evaluated the obtained samples in terms of quantity (Grade 0: scant; Grade 1: inadequate; Grade 2: adequate), quality (Grade 0: poor; Grade 1: moderate; Grade 2: good), and blood contamination (Grade 0: significant; Grade 1: moderate; Grade 2: low), and provided a pathological diagnosis. Additional EUS-FNA was performed by applying suction (SA-FNA). The evaluation points were as follows: diagnostic accuracy of SP-FNA compared with that of SA-FNA, and the quantity, quality, and blood contamination level of SP-FNA-obtained samples. Results. We enrolled 40 cases. The diagnostic accuracy of SP-FNA was 90% (36/40). There was no significant difference in the accuracy between SP-FNA and SA-FNA (90% vs. 90%, p = 1.000). The samples obtained using SP-FNA were assessed as Grade 2 for quantity in 29 cases (73%), quality in 31 (78%), and blood contamination in 25 (63%). Conclusions. Adequate, high-quality, and unsubstantially blood-contaminated samples could be obtained using SP-FNA. The diagnostic ability of SP-FNA was 90%, which appeared to be similar to that of SA-FNA.