气管插管冲洗治疗胎粪吸入综合征44例

目的观察气管插管冲洗治疗胎粪吸入综合征40例的临床疗效。方法回顾分析胎粪吸入综合征（MAS）79例。其中气管插管冲洗40例为治疗组;无气道插管冲洗39例为对照组。观察两组的疗效。治疗组除在头及全身娩出后各进行一次口、鼻、咽部清吸外,要在15-20s内完成清吸、刺激、供氧等措施。后治疗组予以气管插管用0.5ml生理盐水反复冲洗至液体变清为止。结果①血气分析中：两组在0-3h的各项数值无显著性差异;但在4-24h的数值（除pH、PCO2外）PO2、Pao2a/A之间均有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。②治疗组较对照组在治愈率、上机人数率、合并症率、死亡率的比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。③治疗组较对照组可缩短治愈患儿住院天数,两组之间有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论对有粘稠胎粪、合并窒息、产前有导致窒息的高危因素的胎儿于吸净气管内分泌物后立即气管插管予以气道冲洗,可以减少胎粪吸入综合征的发生率。     

负压吸引技术在深度创面自体皮移植中的临床应用*

目的：探讨负压吸引技术在深度创面自体皮移植中的临床应用。方法：选取我院2016年2月—2018年6月住院的植皮患者共58例,根据知情同意原则分为对照组(植皮皮片应用加压包扎疗法)和观察组(植皮皮片应用封闭式负压吸引装置加压固定),各29例,对比两组患者术后7 d创面皮片存活率、愈合时间、换药次数、换药疼痛感、感染发生率及并发症。结果：观察组植皮术后7 d创面皮片存活率、愈合时间、换药次数、换药疼痛感均优于对照组(均P<0.01)。观察组患者植皮术后创面均未发生感染,对照组发生感染3例(10.3%)。随访半年,观察组患者创面皮片较对照组柔软,无明显挛缩。结论：封闭式负压吸引装置应用于自体皮移植皮片固定中,可促进皮片愈合,缩短愈合时间,减轻患者换药疼痛感和减少换药次数,降低感染率,并能减少下肢静脉血栓形成,为深度创面自体皮移植皮片固定提供了新的方法。     

儿科吸引类管腔器械清洗质量评价方法比较

目的评价三种方法用于儿科吸引类管腔器械清洗质量的检测效果,寻找适合此类器械的检测方法。方法 2016年1—4月采用随机数字表法对消毒供应中心清洗后的吸引类管腔器械进行抽样,使用目测借助放大镜检测法、杰力试纸检测法及ATP生物荧光检测法对同一类吸引管腔器械的外表面、螺纹接口及管腔内壁进行检测,比较三种方法的检测合格率。结果目测借助放大镜检测法、杰力试纸检测法及ATP生物荧光检测法检测清洗后吸引类管腔器械合格率分别为99.00%、91.00%、71.50%,三种方法合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=71.545,P0.001),两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.0167);三种方法检测管腔外表面的清洗合格率均为100.00%;螺纹接口处的清洗合格率分别为100.00%、98.00%、97.00%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.695,P0.05);管腔内壁的清洗合格率分别为99.00%、92.00%、72.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=72.634,P0.01),两两比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01)。结论儿科吸引类管腔器械的外表面及螺纹接口处清洗质量可采用目测借助放大镜进行评估,管腔内壁清洗质量的检测应首选ATP生物荧光法,条件有限时可使用杰力试纸进行日常检测,辅以ATP生物荧光法定期检测。     

ICU护士为机械通气患者安全吸痰的临床观察

机械通气是救治呼吸衰竭的重要措施。正压机械通气妨碍纤毛运动,气管内插管阻止痰液的排出。因此,吸痰是护理机械通气患者的主要技术操作。吸痰方法不当可造成多种不良后果,甚至危及生命。所以,掌握正确的吸痰方法是安全吸痰、保持呼吸道通畅的关键。     

多功能自动吸乳器的研制

介绍一种新型多功能自动吸乳器。它克服以往人工吸乳器使用不便、效果不理想等缺点 ,能安全、自动、舒适地对产妇进行吸乳 ,以促进和提高母乳喂养。     

密闭式吸痰联合肺复张在急性呼吸窘迫综合征俯卧位机械通气患者的应用观察

目的观察密闭气管内吸痰后联合肺复张技术在急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)俯卧位机械通气患者的应用效果。方法选取我院2017年1月-2019年12月RICU收治的各种原因导致ARDS行俯卧机械通气患者64例,将2017年1月-2018年6月的32例患者设为对照组,2018年7月-2019年12月的32例患者设为观察组,两组患者都采用间断俯卧位机械通气,观察组每次密闭气管内吸痰后立即进行一次小潮气量和高呼吸末正压肺复张,对照组常规进行密闭吸痰,观察两组患者密闭吸痰和密闭气管内吸痰后联合肺复张前、后氧合指数P(O 2)/FiO 2和氧分压P(O 2)的变化情况,血流动力学指标的变化和不良事件的发生情况。结果两组患者在吸痰前P(O 2)/FiO 2和PaO 2相比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组在执行密闭吸痰后联合肺复张操作后第3天、第6天P(O 2)/FiO 2和P(O 2)均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者在血流动力学指标(HR、CVP、MAP)比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),且无并发症发生。结论密闭吸痰后应用肺复张技术,明显改善了ARDS俯卧机械通气患者的氧合状态,且血流动力学指标稳定,无并发症发生,密闭吸痰联合肺复张技术在ARDS俯卧机械通气的患者应用中安全有效。     

3种方法对脂肪细胞损伤程度的人体实验研究

目的　研究剪碎法、注射器法、吸管法取脂对脂肪细胞的损伤程度。方法　分别采用剪刀剪碎、2 2号特制钝头侧孔脂肪抽吸针头抽吸、直径 4mm无菌吸引头负压 (1.0atm)吸引三种方法取脂 ,标本石腊切片、Van Gieson氏染色 ,镜下观察脂肪细胞损伤程度。结果　剪碎法对脂肪细胞损伤率为 (8.6± 1.8) % ,注射器抽吸法为 (15 .7± 2 .4) % ,吸管法为(6 8.9± 7.4) % ,经统计学分析相互间有显著差异。结论　 3种方法中 ,剪碎法对脂肪细胞的损伤最轻 ,注射器法居中、吸管法最重。     

Performance Comparison of Geodrain Drainage and Gravel Drainage Layers Embedded in a Horizontal Plane

Drainage materials are widely used, among other uses, in the construction of landfills. Regulations require a drainage layer in the base and a covering for the landfill. The implementation of a gravel drain requires a lot of material and financial outlays. New geocomposite materials are an alternative, and facilitate construction. The aim of the research was to compare the drainage properties of the Pozidrain 7S250D/NW8 geocomposite and gravel drainage. The model test was performed on a specially prepared test stand. The research was carried out for model #1, in which the gravel drainage was built. Model #2 had a drainage geocomposite built into it. The test results show the values of the volumetric flow rate for geodrains, with a maximum value of 40 dm³·min⁻¹. For the gravel layer, values of up to 140 dm³·min⁻¹ were recorded. Another parameter recorded during the damming of water by the embankment was the speed of water suction by the geosynthetic and gravel drainage; the values were 0.067 and 0.024 m³·s⁻¹, respectively. The efficiency of water drainage through the geocomposite was sufficient. It is possible to use the slopes of the landfill for drainage, which will reduce material and financial outlays.     

Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Behaviors of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Panels with Insulation Boards Subjected to Wind Loading

Autoclaved aerated concrete panels (AACP) are lightweight elements in civil engineering design. In this paper, experiments and numerical analyses were conducted to study the flexural behavior of an enclosure system that consisted of AACPs and a decorative plate. A full-scale test was conducted to investigate the behavior of the enclosure system under wind suction. Load–deflection curves and load–strain relationships under different wind pressures were recorded and discussed. The effects of thickness, reinforcement ratio, and strength grade on the flexural behavior of AACPs were numerically investigated. Based on the numerical results, we found that the flexural behavior of AACPs can be improved by increasing the thickness or the reinforcement ratio. A comparison of finite element and theoretical results calculated using American and Chinese design formulae was conducted, and the results indicated the existing design formulae can conservatively estimate the major mechanical indices of AACPs.