Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Behaviors of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Panels with Insulation Boards Subjected to Wind Loading

Autoclaved aerated concrete panels (AACP) are lightweight elements in civil engineering design. In this paper, experiments and numerical analyses were conducted to study the flexural behavior of an enclosure system that consisted of AACPs and a decorative plate. A full-scale test was conducted to investigate the behavior of the enclosure system under wind suction. Load–deflection curves and load–strain relationships under different wind pressures were recorded and discussed. The effects of thickness, reinforcement ratio, and strength grade on the flexural behavior of AACPs were numerically investigated. Based on the numerical results, we found that the flexural behavior of AACPs can be improved by increasing the thickness or the reinforcement ratio. A comparison of finite element and theoretical results calculated using American and Chinese design formulae was conducted, and the results indicated the existing design formulae can conservatively estimate the major mechanical indices of AACPs.     

Neonatal gastric suctioning results in chronic visceral and somatic hyperalgesia: role of corticotropin releasing factor

Abstract Gastric suctioning is common in neonatal intensive care units. Studies suggest that gastric suctioning in premature infants may play a role in the development of visceral hyperalgesia. We hypothesized that repeated orogastric suctioning during the neonatal period results in chronic alterations in visceral and somatic sensation through a corticotropin-releasing factor mediated mechanism. Neonatal male Long Evans rats (n = 13) received daily orogastric suctioning for 10 days starting at postnatal day two (P2). Control rats (n = 15) were handled similarly without orogastric suction. A second study group was subjected to a similar protocol, only with pre-emptive administration of a CRF1 receptor antagonist (antalarmin, 20 mg/kg, IP) (n = 8). The control group received vehicle only (n = 8). An additional group was given antalarmin without suctioning (n = 5). After these rats grew to adulthood (PN 60), a visceromotor response to graded colorectal distension was recorded (10-80 mmHg, 30s, 180s inter-stimulus intervals) to assess changes in visceral sensitivity. Paw withdrawal latency to noxious heat applied to the hind paws was measured to assess changes in cutaneous sensitivity. Orogastric suctioning during the neonatal period results in global chronic somatic and visceral hyperalgesia in adult rats. Visceral hyperalgesia is prevented by pre-emptive administration of the CRF1 receptor antagonist, antalarmin.     

多功能自动吸乳器的研制

介绍一种新型多功能自动吸乳器。它克服以往人工吸乳器使用不便、效果不理想等缺点 ,能安全、自动、舒适地对产妇进行吸乳 ,以促进和提高母乳喂养。     

新生儿采用不同吸痰方法效果的研究

目的研究用吸耳球和吸痰管吸痰对新生儿的影响。方法将同期出生足月新生儿120例随机分为对照组和研究组,每组60例。对照组采用吸耳球清理呼吸道,研究组采用一次性吸痰管接负压吸引器清理呼吸道,两组均母婴同室、母乳喂养。记录新生儿体重下降的最低幅度和回升时间、新生儿24h内呕吐次数及第1次排黄便时间。结果研究组体重下降幅度明显低于对照组,体重回升快;24h内呕吐次数明显少于对照组;第1次排黄便时间早于对照组,且差异显著(P<0.01)。结论采用一次性吸痰器吸痰可以减少新生儿呕吐次数,减轻生理性体重下降幅度和缩短胎便的排净时间。     

脑内张力性血肿的诊断与治疗体会

目的探讨脑内张力性血肿临床规律及有效治疗方法。方法经CT扫描诊断并为手术证实的脑内张力性血肿共12例,对其头部CT扫描片、临床表现特点、治疗经过等回顾分析。结果所有12例中高血压性脑出血10例,外伤性脑内血肿2例。发病初期血肿量均为20ml以下,均于发病7～10d左右,临床症状加重,CT扫描可见高密度血肿灶周围出现环形低密度改变,并伴有明显占位效应,还是诊断脑内张力性血肿的主要依据。结论如及时施行颅骨钻孔,血肿穿刺抽吸手术,病情则会迅速好转,预后良好。     

Treatment of atelectasis of upper lung lobes. Selective bronchial suctioning with J-shaped catheter tip and guide mark

We developed a technique for blind bronchial suction using a curved-tip catheter with a guide mark, for the treatment of atelectasis of the lower and middle lobes of the lung. Suction of the upper lobe bronchi could not be performed because of the combination of the peculiar anatomy of the upper lobe bronchi with catheter design. We treated successfully two cases of atelectasis of the right upper lobes using a Rusch Metras bronchography catheter with a guide mark which is not readily available. Therefore we devised a J-shape tipped catheter with a guide mark. We have successfully treated 13 episodes of atelectasis of the right upper lobe in 10 patients and one episode in the left upper lobe in one patient with this new catheter.     

Transmitter sensitivities among various types of cultured brain stem neurons

We prepared cultures of dissociated cells from the lower brain stem of 14- to 15- day-old rat fetuses, and studied how neuronal activities of various types of neurons were influenced by application of various transmitters or transmitter-like substances. Unit discharges of the cultured neurons were recorded extracellularly, using suction micropipette, while the test substances were applied iontophoretically to the surface membrane of the cell body. We selected for testing 4 types of neurons with the typical appearance, i.e. multipolar, pyramidal, polygonal and fusiform one. Each type of neuron had specific sensitivities to acetylcholine and leucine-enkephalin. Amino acids and substance P acted to 4 types of neurons as either unanimous excitant or inhibitor. Monoamines and leucine-enkephalin had both inhibitory and facilitatory effect on unit discharges, although the inhibitory effect was dominant. These findings suggest that there is a specific relation between morphological properties of the brain stem neurons and their sensitivities to transmitters.     

Oronasopharyngeal suction versus no suction in normal, term and vaginally born infants: a prospective randomised controlled trial

This prospective randomised controlled trial aimed to compare the effects of oronasopharyngeal suction with those of no suction in normal, term and vaginally born infants and was performed at a Turkish tertiary hospital from June 2003 to January 2004. A total of 140 newborns were enrolled in the trial (n = 70 per group). The no suction group showed lower mean heart rates through the 3rd and 6th minutes and higher SaO(2) values through the first 6 mins of life (P < 0.001). The maximum time to reach SaO2 of >or= 92% (6 vs. 11 min) and >or= 86% (5 vs. 8 min) were shorter in the no suction group (P < 0.001).     

负压抽吸联合腋横皮纹小切口皮下修剪法治疗腋臭临床研究

目的：观察采用负压抽吸联合腋横皮纹小切口皮下修剪法治疗腋臭的临床效果与并发症的预防。方法：采用负压抽吸联合腋横皮纹小切口皮下修剪的手术方案治疗腋臭患者35例,并随访1年。结果：治愈33例,有效2例,无效0例,总有效率为100%,治愈率为94.29%,所有病例经随访1年以上无复发。结论：负压抽吸联合腋横皮纹小切口皮下修剪法治疗腋臭创伤较少、恢复较快、无明显瘢痕、治愈率高,并发症较少,值得临床推广应用。