Simple rapid methods for freezing hybridomas in 96-well microculture plates

Macroscopic hybridoma colonies were frozen and recovered in a good state of viability in 96-well microculture plates using 2 freezing procedures. These methods offer convenient and rapid means of preserving hybridomas and will permit laboratories developing monoclonal antibodies to distribute workloads to more manageable levels without discarding possibly valuable hybridomas.     

Acoustic stimulation alters deoxyglucose uptake in the mouse cochlea and inferior colliculus

Deoxyglucose uptake and activities of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphatase in auditory structures (organ of Corti, stria vascularis and spiral ligament, modiolar section of VIIIth nerve, inferior colliculus) and non-auditory tissues (heart, kidney, liver) of the mouse were analyzed. [³H]Deoxyglucose was given as a pulse into the tail vein and uptake was quantitated by microdissection of tissues and scintillation counting. Radioactivity in cochlear tissues was maximal after 45–60 min and declined with a half-life of 30–60 min. Deoxyglucose 6-phosphate represented ca. 60% of total radioactivity (heart, inferior colliculus. > 80%). The ratio of hexokinase to glucose-6-phosphatase activity was considerably lower in the auditory periphery than in brain. The rank order was inferior colliculus > VIIIth nerve ≈ heart > stria vascularis and spiral ligament > kidney > organ of Corti ≈ liver.Exposure to broadband noise increased glucose utilization in all auditory structures. Uptake was maximally (2- to 3-fold) stimulated at moderate noise intensity (55–85 dBA). In addition, the auditory system showed two salient features: at high intensities (100 and 115 dBA) deoxyglucose uptake decreased from the maximum; and the non-sensory tissues of the cochlea (stria vascularis and spiral ligament) responded to sound parallel to the sensory structures at all levels of stimulus intensity. There were no effects of acoustic stimulation on serum glucose levels, serum kinetics of deoxyglucose. or deoxyglucose uptake into other body tissues.     

Escaping from the dual organization: physician self-governance.

This article discusses a way of coping, in a time of limited resources, with the dual organization problem in hospitals. First, the historical roots of the dual organization problem are analysed. It is ascertained that the power structure within the hospital crucially depends on the socioeconomic circumstances and the state of medical knowledge. Since the health care systems of most industrialized countries are in transition from a stage of rapid expansion into a stage of consolidation, new problems arise which cannot be adequately handled within the context of the dual organization structure. The crux of the dual organization problem lies in the separation of the related responsibilities for resource allocation and patient care. Most proposals to solve this problem try to develop models of shared authority, which may be elegant in theory but often raise tremendous problems when implemented in practice. A straightforward solution would be the reunion of both responsibilities under one head, the physician-executive. It is argued that in a situation of limited funds for medical care, patients, physicians as well as administrators will be best off when physicians become primarily responsible for the resource allocation within the hospital. Some empirical evidence for this supposition is discussed. Finally, attention is paid to the prerequisites for, and implementation of, physician self-governance.     

Olivary projections from the mesodiencephalic structures in the cat studied by means of axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase and tritiated amino acids

By means of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and autoradiographic methods, olivary projections from mesodiencephalic structures were studied in the cat. Following HRP injections in various parts of the inferior olive, many cells were labeled ipsilaterally in the nucleus of Darkschewitsch, the nucleus accessorius medialis of Bechterew, the nucleus of the fields of Forel, and the subnucleus dorsomedialis and ventrolateralis of the parvocellular red nucleus. Some labeled cells also occurred ipsilaterally in the suprarubral reticular formation and a few labeled cells in the interstitial nucleus of Cajal. After injection of tritiated amino acids in different parts of the mesodiencephalic region mentioned above, labeled fibers were found in different parts of the inferior olive, presenting a high degree of the topographic correlation within the mesodiencephalo-olivary projection, which was exclusively ipsilateral. That is, the nucleus of Darkschewitsch was found to project to the rostral half of the medial accessory olive and the dorsomedial cell column. There was mediolateral topographic relation in this projection. The nucleus accessorius medialis of Bechterew was found to project to the ventral lamella and the lateral part of the dorsal lamella as well as to a small rostromedial part of the caudal half of the medial accessory olive. The subnucleus dorsomedialis and ventrolateralis of the parvocellular red nucleus projected to the rostral and caudal halves, respectively, of the medial part of the dorsal lamella. The subnucleus ventrolateralis of the parvocellular red nucleus also sent fibers to the lateral part of the ventrolateral outgrowth. The nucleus of the fields of Forel, suprarubral reticular formation, and interstitial nucleus of Cajal appeared to project to the caudal half of the medial accessory olive, the medial part of the ventrolateral outgrowth, the rostral part of the dorsal cap, and the caudal part of the dorsal accessory olive.     

自动考虑剪切变形的轴对称壳单元及对层合壳计算的应用

推导了一种中厚壳和薄壳都运用的轴对称壳单元。它假设了独立结点转角，计入了剪切变形，而在薄壳情况下自动符合薄壳理论。以它为基础构造了能自动考虑剪切效应的层合壳单元。     

Spindle-shaped,cross-banded structures in human peripheral nerves

Summary Fusiform, cross-banded structures (fibrous long-spacing collagen, or Luse bodies) were found in a nerve contained in the perivascular connective tissue of the short saphenous vein and in the sural nerve in man. The periodicity of cross-bandings was 140–170 nm and there was no intraperiod striation. The banded structures were found either isolated in the endoneurial spaces or contiguous with the surface of Schwann cells or fibroblasts. The nature, origin, and pathological significance of structures of this type in peripheral nerve are briefly discussed.     

Persistent Müllerian duct structures in cryptorchid male infants: surgical dilemmas.

Persistent Müllerian duct structures were found in 3 male cryptorchid infants aged 10--12 mo, during correction of a unilateral inguinal hernia. Division of the vas degerens, hysterectomy and scrotal orchidopexy were carried out. The authors believe that in subjects with a persistent müllerian duct syndrome, surgical placement of the testes into the scrotum should be performed. This is, as a rule, not possible without damage to the vas deferens which runs parallel and adheres closely to the surface of the uterus.     

Adrenergic terminal structures in the mammalian mesentery

Adrenergic terminal structures in the mammalian mesentery were studied by fluorescence microscopy of catecholamines. The basis of the adrenergic innervation of the mesentery was shown to consist of well-developed perivascular plexuses. At many points of these plexuses, single adrenergic fibers were seen to emerge into avascular regions of the mesentery, where through repeated dichotomous division, they were transformed into preterminal and terminal structures. These innervation structures, built in accordance with the principle of spreading or limited arborizations, showed common morphological features with free sensory nerve endings.B. I. Lavrent'ev Laboratory of Neurohistology, P. K. Anokhin Institute of Normal Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Kupriyanov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 81, No. 6, pp. 750–752, June, 1976.