苦地丁对小鼠免疫功能影响的实验研究

目的　探讨苦地丁对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法　实验组小鼠灌胃给苦地丁水煎剂 (0 .2g ml) ,每次 0 .5ml,每日 1次 ;对照组小鼠灌胃给同等量生理盐水 ;7d后两组小鼠同时测定脾、胸腺重量 ,腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能 ,脾淋巴细胞增殖反应及IL 2活性。结果　苦地丁可使脾和胸腺萎缩 ,巨噬细胞吞噬功能降低 ,淋巴细胞增殖反应受到抑制 ,IL 2活性减弱 ,与对照组比较具有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　苦地丁对小鼠免疫功能有明显的抑制作用     

内皮祖细胞对狭长窄蒂皮瓣成活面积的影响

目的研究大鼠骨髓来源的内皮祖细胞（EPC）对狭长窄蒂皮瓣成活面积的影响。方法 SD大鼠15只,12只大鼠背部两侧各设计制作1块皮瓣,皮瓣设计为：蒂宽=蒂长=0.8 cm,蒂部所携带直径为3.5 cm的皮瓣,形状类似＂乒乓球拍＂,建立皮瓣的动物模型,随机分为两组：对照组及实验组;另3只大鼠,冲洗骨髓腔,密度离心法获得单个核细胞;在适宜的培养环境中（EGM-2MV培养液）培养出EPC;鉴定细胞CD34、CD133、vWF及VEGFR-2表型,并将目的细注射移植于皮瓣,对实验组及对照组皮瓣进行大体观察,测量皮瓣成活面积,计算局部毛细血管密度。结果注射EPC的皮瓣的存活面积以及毛细血管密度显著高于对照部位（P〈0.05）。结论 EPC移植于狭长窄蒂皮瓣后,加速皮瓣缺血缺氧组织再血管化,改善皮瓣缺血缺氧状态,扩大皮瓣成活面积。     

Island Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap: An Indian Perspective

The aim of this study is to conceive a method of raising an island PMMC flap, so as to circumvent its drawbacks of bulk, flap length and the difficulty of developing this flap in female patients. And to consider island PMMC flap as a viable reconstructive option in head and neck surgeries, especially in peripheral centres. Ours is an experimental case series. The study was done at Sri Devaraj URS Medical college, Tamaka, Kolar. Between 2009 and 2010, head and neck reconstruction was performed using this method in 20 patients who had oral cancer (18), carcinoma supraglottis (1) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma parotid (1). The patients age ranged from 16 to 75 years, and there were 15 women and 5 men. Nineteen of our patients underwent primary surgery and one patient was operated for residual disease. In (16) patient, island pmmc flap was used for intra oral closure. In (4) patients the flap was spiraled for providing skin cover. Four patients developed complications. Three were minor complications of margin necrosis and wound dehiscence, which were managed conservatively. One patient developed orocutaneous fistula, which required secondary suturing. None of our patients had a total necrosis of the flap. Island PMMC flap is still a very useful and viable option for reconstruction in head and neck surgeries, especially in lateral gingivo buccal tumours and other head and neck tumours. In institutions where microvascular expertise is not available, island PMMC flap can be an alternative with results comparable to that of free tissue transfer.     

手术治疗小儿腹股沟疝98例临床分析

目的探讨微创手术治疗小儿腹股沟疝的治疗方法及手术的注意事项,为该疾病的只来哦提供一定的临床参考。方法对该院与2010年10月—2012年10月收治的腹股沟疝的患儿98例,进行微创小切口疝囊高位结扎术,观察效果,并与早期传统疝囊高位结扎术的治疗效果进行对比。结果 98例患者中,术后均没有出现手术切口感染,跟踪调查3个月,均没有患儿复发。结论微创小切口疝囊高位结扎术具有较多优点,如对患儿的伤害较小、操作简单、伤口愈合快、治疗费用低、无需特殊设备即可进行手术,适合在临床中广泛推广应用。     

肛瘘经括约肌间瘘管结扎后肛门功能恢复的相关影响因素分析

目的 探讨肛瘘经括约肌间瘘管结扎后肛门功能的恢复情况及其影响因素。方法 采取病例对照研究方法,选取海口市中医医院2019年1月—2022年8月收治的172例肛瘘患者作为研究对象。统计分析患者手术前后肛门功能恢复情况,根据患者术后3个月的肛门功能恢复情况将其分为良好组140例、不良组32例。比较两组患者的手术指标、术后并发症及基线资料,采用多因素一般Logistic回归分析影响手术后肛门功能恢复的相关因素。结果 良好组手术后创面愈合更早（P <0.05）,疼痛持续时间更短（P <0.05）,总体平均住院总时间短于不良组（P <0.05）。良好组与不良组术后1、2、3个月的Wexner量表评分比较,采用重复测量设计的方差分析,结果 ①不同时间点的Wexner量表评分有差异（P <0.05）;②两组的Wexner量表评分有差别（P <0.05）,良好组Wexner量表评分较不良组低,肛门功能恢复较好。③两组的Wexner量表评分变化趋势有差异（P <0.05）。良好组患者的病程、瘘管长度、Parks分型、术后切口感染率、二次手术率（再次实施清创手术）、治疗依从性（术后用药是否遵从医嘱）、术后机械性刺激率（术后各种外因刺激肛门）与不良组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P <0.05）。多因素一般Logistic回归分析结果显示,肛瘘患者病程［O^R =1.842（95% CI：1.105,3.073）］、瘘管长度［O^R =1.788（95% CI：1.137,2.812）］、术后切口感染［O^R =1.694（95% CI：1.081,2.653）］、再次手术［O^R =1.347（95% CI：1.018,1.783）］、治疗依从性［O^R =1.493（95% CI：1.058,2.108）］是肛瘘患者括约肌间瘘管结扎后肛门功能恢复不良的影响因素（P <0.05）。结论 肛瘘患者经括约肌间瘘管结扎后肛门功能大部分恢复良好,但是肛瘘患者病程较长、瘘管长度较长、出现术后切口感染、术后再次手术、治疗依从性差可能会增大患者术后肛门功能恢复不良的风险。     

Is it safe to perform endoscopic band ligation for the duodenum? A pilot study in ex vivo porcine models

Abstract

Aim: In the digestive tract, endoscopic band ligation (EBL) has been routinely used for the treatment of variceal bleeding and superficial malignancies. In recent years, endoscopic treatments for duodenal varices, adenoma, and cancer have also actively incorporated EBL. Although there have been a number of reports on the risks associated with the use of EBL in the esophagus, stomach, and colon, few studies have focused on EBL in the duodenum. We performed EBL procedures to evaluate the risks associated with the use of EBL in the duodenum. Material and methods: Overall, EBLs were performed at nine sites in duodenum sampled from a pig immediately after sacrifice. Submucosal saline injections were placed in three of the nine studied sites. Results: Regardless of saline injection, the full thickness of the duodenal wall was ligated in all attempts. Conclusions: Routine EBL is not recommended in the duodenum because the risk of perforation is unacceptably high.     

Focal splenic lesions: US findings

Ultrasound (US) imaging of the spleen was considered of little use in the past and was performed only to distinguish between cystic and solid lesions. However, in the last decade due to experience acquired and the introduction of second-generation contrast agents, this technique has been re-evaluated as contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) allows detection and characterization of most focal lesions of the spleen with a high sensitivity and a good specificity. Gray-scale US presents a low specificity in splenic infarctions with a high rate of false negative cases, whereas specificity reaches 100 %, if the examination is performed using US contrast agents. Gray-scale US can provide a correct diagnosis in simple cysts, whereas CEUS is useful when cystic lymphangioma is suspected. In the study of splenic lesions, the most important problem is to differentiate between angioma, hamartoma, lymphoma, and metastasis. CEUS reaches a good specificity in the differentiation of benign from malignant splenic lesions, as hypo-enhancement in the parenchymal phase is predictive of malignancy in 87 % of cases. In conclusion, Gray-scale US and particularly CEUS are at present widely indicated in the study of focal splenic lesions.     

纵切横缝分段结扎治疗环形混合痔180例临床观察

[目的]探讨治疗环形混合痔的有效方法。[方法]对180例患者采用纵切横缝分段结扎的手术方法。[结果]180例患者均痊愈,总有效率达100%,切口愈合时间15-30 d。随防2-5年,均无肛门狭窄及肛门失禁,肛门功能正常。[结论]纵切横缝分段结扎治疗环形混合痔,疗效高,无并发症及后遗症。     

内镜下抗反流黏膜切除术和贲门缩窄术治疗胃食管反流病的临床疗效对比

目的 对比内镜下抗反流黏膜切除术（anti-reflux mucosectomy,ARMS）和贲门缩窄术（endoscopic cardial constriction ligation,ECCL）治疗胃食管反流病的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2015年12月—2018年8月在郑州大学第一附属医院行ARMS或ECCL治疗,并定期随访的48例胃食管反流病患者病例资料,其中20例行ARMS（ARMS组）,28例行ECCL（ECCL组）,比较两种术式短期及长期临床疗效。结果 两种术式的操作成功率均为100.0%,ECCL组手术时间明显短于ARMS组[（8.43±1.59）min比（34.05±12.35）min,t=－9.227,P＜0.001]。术后2个月随访,ECCL组和ARMS组症状改善有效率分别为89.3%（25/28）和60.0%（12/20）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.128,P=0.042）,ECCL组GERD Q评分低于ARMS组[（6.24±1.22）分比（7.35±1.79）分,t=-2.400,P＝0.023]。术后1年随访,两组症状改善有效率、GERD Q评分,以及DeMeester评分和pH＜4时间百分比差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 ARMS和ECCL治疗胃食管反流病的长期临床疗效相当,但ECCL短期疗效更具优势。     

左旋泮托拉唑钠对幽门结扎大鼠胃溃疡模型的治疗作用

目的 研究左旋泮托拉唑钠对幽门结扎大鼠胃溃疡模型的有效性。方法 采用幽门结扎大鼠胃溃疡模型, 通过检测胃酸分泌量、胃蛋白酶活性、溃疡抑制率、血清胃泌素水平等指标及胃粘膜组织病理学切片观察, 全面评价左旋泮托拉唑钠对幽门结扎大鼠胃溃疡模型的作用。结果 左旋泮托拉唑钠 (0.9、1.8、3.6 mg/kg, i.v.) 可明显降低模型大鼠胃酸分泌量和血清胃泌素水平, 抑制胃蛋白酶活性和溃疡程度, 减轻胃粘膜的组织病理学病变。结论 左旋泮托拉唑钠对幽门结扎大鼠胃溃疡模型有明显的改善作用。