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目的 探究原发灶定位与甲状腺乳头状微小癌(PTMC)颈侧区淋巴结转移的关系,评估超声检查预测颈侧区淋巴结转移的准确率。方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2015年12月天津医科大学肿瘤医院收治的134例PTMC病人的临床资料,均行中央区淋巴结清扫+改良颈侧区淋巴结清扫。依据超声定位分组,分析癌灶位置与颈侧区淋巴结转移的关系。结果 颈侧各分区淋巴结转移发生率分别为:Ⅱ区30.6%、Ⅲ区50.7%、Ⅳ区57.5%、Ⅴ区11.3%。癌灶位于中上极者颈侧区淋巴结转移发生率高于癌灶位于下极者(89.7% vs. 75.7%,P=0.038),靠近外侧者较内侧者更易出现颈侧区淋巴结转移(93.7% vs. 81.4%,P=0.049)。超声检查判定Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ区淋巴结转移的敏感度分别为43.9%、85.3%、85.7%、14.3%;特异度为91.4%、57.6%、35.1%、99.1%。超声预测Ⅲ、Ⅳ区淋巴结转移敏感度较高,Ⅱ、Ⅴ区淋巴结转移特异度较高。结论 癌灶位置与甲状腺微小癌颈侧区淋巴结转移密切相关,超声可为临床确定颈侧区淋巴结的清扫范围提供依据。 相似文献
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《European journal of surgical oncology》2022,48(2):326-332
BackgroundIn patients with melanoma, sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is pivotal for treatment decisions. Current routine for SLN detection combines Technetium99m (Tc99) lymphoscintigraphy and blue dye (BD). The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of using a low dose of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) injected intracutaneously to detect and identify the SLN, and the secondary aim was to investigate if a low dose of SPIO would enable a preoperative MRI-evaluation of SLN status.MethodsPatients with melanoma of the extremities were eligible. Before surgery, a baseline MRI of the nodal basin was followed by an injection of a low dose (0.02–0.5 mL) of SPIO and then a second MRI (SPIO-MRI). Tc99 and BD was used in parallel and all nodes with a superparamagnetic and/or radioactive signal were harvested and analyzed.ResultsFifteen patients were included and the SLNB procedure was successful in all patients (27 SLNs removed). All superparamagnetic SLNs were visualized by MRI corresponding to the same nodes on scintigraphy. Micrometastatic deposits were identified in four SLNs taken from three patients, and SPIO-MRI correctly predicted two of the metastases. There was an association between MRI artefacts in the lymph node and the dose SPIO given.DiscussionIt is feasible to detect SLN in patients with melanoma using a low dose of SPIO injected intracutaneously compared with the standard dual technique. A low dose of SPIO reduces the lymph node MRI artefacts, opening up for a non-invasive assessment of SLN status in patients with cancer. 相似文献
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《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2023,165(2):449-459.e4
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the association between morphological variation and postsurgical pulmonary vein (PV) stenosis (PPVS) in patients with cardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC).MethodsThis single-center, retrospective study included 168 pediatric patients who underwent surgical repair of cardiac TAPVC from 2013 to 2019 (connection to the coronary sinus [CS], n = 136; connection directly to the right atrium [RA], n = 32). Three-dimensional computed tomography modeling and geometric analysis were performed to investigate the morphological features; their relevance to the PPVS was examined.ResultsThe connection type had no association with PPVS (CS type: 18% vs right atrial type: 19%; P = .89) but there was a higher incidence of PPVS in patients with a single PV orifice than > 1 orifice (P < .001). Confluence-to-total PV area ratio (hazard ratio, 4.78, 95% CI, 1.86-12.32; P = .001) and length of drainage route (hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14-1.31; P < .001) had a 4- and 1-fold increase in the risk for PPVS in the CS type after adjustment for age and preoperative pulmonary venous obstruction. In the right atrial type, those with anomalous PV return to the RA roof were more likely to develop PPVS than to the posterior wall of the RA (P < .001).ConclusionsThe number of inter-junction PV orifice correlated with PPVS development in cardiac TAPVC. The confluence-to-total PV ratio, length of drainage route, and anomalous PV return to the RA roof are important predictors for PPVS. Morphological subcategorization in this clinical setting can potentially assist in surgical decision-making. 相似文献
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《European journal of surgical oncology》2022,48(4):783-788
BackgroundInvestigation of lymph node micrometastasis (mN) of gastric cancer has been focused on either T1 disease or T1-4N0 disease. Yet, it is unclear whether standard management algorithm toward poorly differentiated gastric cancer (PDGC) is more vulnerable to existence of mN, given its inherently biological aggressiveness, as compared with other histological types.Patients and methodsA surgical series (n = 3456) of gastric cancer categorized by histological differentiation was enrolled to analyze survival stratification. Of them, a cohort of T1-T4 N0 PDGC (n = 100) were subjected to cytokeratin immunohistochemistry, a surrogate of mN.ResultsCancer-specific survival by AJCC8 staging system could be nicely differentiated in both well-/moderately differentiated and signet ring cell types, while those between stage IA versus IB (p = 0.105), and stage IB versus IIA (p = 0.141) in PDGC could not. Thirteen (13%) out of 100 node-negative PDGC cases exhibited mN, with 5, 2, 5 and 1 cases occurring in T1, T2, T3, and T4 stage, respectively, without identifiable contributing factors. Prognostic performance of AJCC8 working upon PDGC became more discriminative by incorporating mN, as hazard ratio of stage IIIC referenced to stage IA increased from 43 to 78.ConclusionDefective discriminative survival of PDGC by standard staging algorithm prompted us to survey mN occurring in T1-T4N0 PDGC. The prognostic performance of AJCC8 working upon PDGC was enhanced by incorporating mN. As so, we recommend documentation of mN exclusively on node-negative PDGC that helps unveil stage migration phenomenon and switch to appropriate adjuvant therapy in need. 相似文献
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目的 探讨电针复合靶控输注(Target Controlled Infusion, TCI)在单肺通气食管癌开胸手术麻醉中的应用价值。方法 选取于我院拟行单肺通气食管癌开胸切除手术患者60例作为研究对象。随机将其分为试验组与对照组,对照组30例采取气管插管全麻及TCI靶控输注维持麻醉深度,试验组30例则在对照组方案基础上辅助电针麻醉,记录两组患者手术麻醉时间、药物用量、苏醒时间、并发症;以及术前(TⅠ)、插管前即刻(TⅡ)、插管后1 min(TⅢ)、切皮即刻(TⅣ)、去骨时(TⅤ)、拔管即刻(TⅥ)时平均动脉压(MAP)、平均心率(HR)、BIS值;术前、术后1天、术后3天简易智能精神状态检查量表(MMSE);并于麻醉诱导前(T0)、手术开始2 h(T1)、术后1天(T2)、术后3天(T3)时抽取患者外周静脉血检测IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-α浓度。结果 试验组手术用时、麻醉时间略低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),试验组异丙酚、舒芬太尼用量以及苏醒时间均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);TⅡ时两组平均动脉压(Mean Arterial Pressure, MAP)、心率(Heartrate, HR)较术前明显降低,且试验组MAP明显低于对照组(P<0.05),但两组TⅡ时HR比较无显著差异(P>0.05);TⅢ、TⅥ时对照组MAP、HR明显高于TⅠ时,而试验组MAP、HR与TⅠ比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。术后1天、3天试验组简易智能精神状态检查量表(Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE)评分低于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。T1、T2、T3时试验组白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, TNF-α)水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05),白介素-10(IL-10)水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 采用电针复合TCI靶控输注麻醉方案可有效提升单肺通气食管癌开胸手术麻醉效果,能够降低患者术后认知功能障碍发生风险。 相似文献