软组织透明细胞肉瘤的临床与病理学特点

目的研究软组织透明细胞肉瘤的临床特性、病理学特征及预后。方法观察12例病理诊断为软组织透明细胞肉瘤患者的临床特性，从肿瘤细胞的细胞质、细胞核及通过免疫组化染色进行分析。结果软组织透明细胞肉瘤患者常为青、中年，病程平均1．5年，肿瘤好友于四肢的肌腱和腱膜；病理上，肿瘤细胞排列成条索或巢状，形态相对一致，胞浆透明或嗜酸性颗粒状，核仁明显，部分肿瘤含有黑色素；肿瘤S-100和HMB45免疫染色阳性，阳性率分别为100％（12／12）和75％（9／12）。其预后类似恶性程度较高的其它肉瘤。结论软组织透明细胞肉瘤某些特征类似恶性黑色素瘤，但具有不同的临床特性、形态学和生物学行为，为一明确的临床病理学实体。     

Prognostic factors in advanced synovial sarcoma: an analysis of 104 patients treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital.

AIMS: Key prognostic factors at diagnosis of synovial sarcoma are well defined from the literature. There are few data regarding prognostic parameters in the setting of advanced disease. Our aim was to look specifically at a cohort of patients with advanced synovial sarcoma and to identify potential prognostic factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and four patients with advanced synovial sarcoma were identified from the Royal Marsden Hospital's sarcoma database between 1978 and 2003. Patient data were analysed retrospectively. Most patients were aged between 20 and 50 years at diagnosis. Seventy-one patients were deceased at the time of analysis. Ninety-two patients received chemotherapy for management of advanced disease (most commonly doxorubicin + ifosfamide). RESULTS: Median survival following development of advanced disease was 22 months. Predictors of survival with advanced disease were age <35 years (P = 0.03) and response to first-line chemotherapy (P = 0.05). The response rate to doxorubicin plus ifosfamide was 58.6%, and this was superior to either agent when given singly. Metastasectomy was not associated with improved prognosis in this series. CONCLUSIONS: Synovial sarcoma is a chemosensitive soft tissue sarcoma. Compared with historical controls, survival with advanced disease seems to have improved over the years, possibly as a result of better use of chemotherapy. Age <35 years and response to first-line chemotherapy predict for improved survival with advanced disease.     

Vascular modulation through exercise improves chemotherapy efficacy in Ewing sarcoma

Recent studies in mouse models of cancer have shown that exercise improves tumor vascular function, thereby improving chemotherapy delivery and efficacy. However, the mechanisms underlying this improvement remain unclear and the effect of exercise on Ewing sarcoma (ES), a pediatric bone and soft tissue cancer, is unknown. The effect of exercise on tumor vascular hyperpermeability, which inversely correlates with drug delivery to the tumor, has also not been evaluated. We hypothesized that exercise improves chemotherapy efficacy by enhancing its delivery through improving tumor vascular permeability. We treated ES‐bearing mice with doxorubicin with or without moderate treadmill exercise. Exercise did not significantly alter ES tumor vessel morphology. However, compared to control mice, tumors of exercised mice had significantly reduced hyperpermeability, significantly decreased hypoxia, and higher doxorubicin penetration. Compared to doxorubicin alone, doxorubicin plus exercise inhibited tumor growth more efficiently. We evaluated endothelial cell sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptors 1 and 2 (S1PR1 and S1PR2) as potential mediators of the improved vascular permeability and increased function afforded by exercise. Relative to tumors from control mice, vessels in tumors from exercised mice had increased S1PR1 and decreased S1PR2 expression. Our results support a model in which exercise remodels ES vasculature to reduce vessel hyperpermeability, potentially via modulation of S1PR1 and S1PR2, thereby improving doxorubicin delivery and inhibiting tumor growth more than doxorubicin alone does. Our data suggest moderate aerobic exercise should be tested in clinical trials as a potentially useful adjuvant to standard chemotherapy for patients with ES.     

Primary retroperitoneal perirenal CIC rearrangement sarcoma: A case report

Primary retroperitoneal perirenal CIC rearrangement sarcoma is rare. The current case report presents a 69-year-old male patient with this pathology, including the clinical features, pathomorphology and immunohistochemistry, and CIC gene rupture detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Furthermore, the relevant literature was reviewed. Histologically, the tumor was composed of diffuse nests of small- to medium-sized juvenile round blue cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, prominent nucleoli and occasional mitotic signs. The tumor involved adipose tissue with no obvious hemorrhagic necrotic foci. Immunohistochemistry indicated scattered expression of CD99 in tumor cells. FISH examination suggested that the CIC gene was fragmented and translocated.     

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the nasopharynx: a case report and literature review

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) of the nasopharynx is a rare malignant tumor that has been described in only a few case reports, and its differential diagnoses include diverse clinicopathologic entities. FDCS is often initially misdiagnosed, especially when examining small biopsy specimens. We herein report a case of FDCS arising in the nasopharynx that was initially misdiagnosed as a nerve sheath tumor. A 44-year-old woman presented with persistent obstruction of the left nasal cavity and underwent an excisional biopsy. The specimen demonstrated morphologic and immunohistochemical features of FDCS. In situ hybridization for Epstein–Barr virus-encoded RNA was negative. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The sarcoma recurred near the original site more than 3 years after the initial treatment and was completely resected. At the time of this writing, the patient had remained disease-free for 1 year after resection. This case is being reported to improve the clinical recognition of FDCS.     

抗病毒中药配合手术治疗骨与软组织肉瘤

目的　探讨抗病毒中药在治疗骨与软组织肉瘤中的应用价值。方法　以板蓝根、双花、地丁等具有抗病毒效果的中药为主药治疗骨与软组织肉瘤患者 1 6例 ,并分别随访 5～ 1 5年。结果　除 5例分别于治疗后 2个月、2个月、1年、3年、5年死亡外 ,其余 1 1例健康存活 ,全身体格检查及胸部X线检查均未见转移征象。结论　具有抗病毒作用的中药能够有效地预防骨与软组织肉瘤的术后复发     

Report of two cases of myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcomas with preceding hematolymphoid neoplasms: Is there any association?

Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS) is an uncommon soft tissue sarcoma. We present two cases of MIFS: A known case of Hodgkin‘s lymphoma presented with hand mass; a recurrence of MIFS with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.     

Characteristics and immune checkpoint inhibitor effects on non-smoking non-small cell lung cancer with KRAS mutation: A single center cohort (STROBE-compliant)

Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) mutation (KRASm) is associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We have aimed to survey NSCLC patients harboring KRASm in Taiwan, where never-smoking lung adenocarcinoma predominates, and analyze the immune checkpoint inhibitor effect on NSCLC harboring KRASm.NSCLC patients with KRASm were enrolled and tested on programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression using available tissue. We analyzed their clinical features, PD-L1 status, responses to ICIs, and overall survival (OS).We studied 93 patients with a median age 66.0 years, 23.7% of whom were women, and 22.6% were never-smokers. The results showed that G12C (36.6%) was the most common KRASm. In 47 patients with available tissue for PD-L1 testing, PD-L1 expression was positive in 66.0% of patients, while PD-L1 ≥50% was higher in ever-smokers (P = .038). Among 23 patients receiving ICI treatment, those with PD-L1 ≥50% experience a 45.5% response rate to ICI. There were benefits from ICI treatment on OS compared with no ICI treatment (median OS 35.6 vs 9.8 months, P = .002) for all of our patients, and for patients with PD-L1 ≥50% (median OS not-reached vs 8.4 months, P = .008). There were no differences in survival across different KRAS subtypes (P = .666).Never-smokers composed more than one-fifth of KRASm in NSCLC in Taiwan. A high PD-L1 expression was related to smoking history and responded well to ICI. ICI treatment improved the OS in NSCLC patients with KRASm, particularly those with PD-L1 ≥50%.     

4-[4″-(2″,2″,6″,6″-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基)氨基]-4′-去甲表鬼臼毒素在荷肉瘤180小鼠体内的药物动力学(英文)

目的:研究4-[4″-(2″,2″,6″,6″-四甲基哌啶氮氧自由基)氨基]-4′-去甲表鬼臼毒素在荷肉瘤180小鼠体内的药物动力学.方法:用HPLC紫外检测法.结果:GP-7在小鼠血浆中的浓度—时间过程符合二室开放模型.20,60mg·kg~(-1)iv,T_((1/2β)约40 min;药物浓度以肝脏和肺中最高;肿瘤组织中药物水平高于脾,肾和骨髓.72 h内,经尿以原形排出的GP-7占给药量的20％左右.结论:GP-7在荷肉瘤180在小鼠体内分布较广,消除较慢.肿瘤组织中浓度较高,部分以原形从尿中排出.