连续波充填技术的临床评价

目的评价连续波充填技术的临床疗效。方法选择牙髓病或根尖周病患者60例,按就诊顺序随机分为两组,分别采用连续波充填技术（CW组）和冷牙胶侧方加压充填技术（LC组）进行根管充填。术前、术后拍摄X线片。比较两组的根管充填时间、术中疼痛情况和根管充填效果。结果以牙为单位,CW组适充28例,超充1例,欠充1例;LC组中,适充27例,超充2例。欠充1例。CW组术中不适4例,LC组2例。以根管为单位,CW组根管充填时间平均每根管65．7s,LC组平均每根管203．8s（P〈0．05）。结论连续波充填技术临床操作简便有效,操作时间短。     

不同填充材料在一次性根管治疗中的应用分析

目的对比口腔内科3种不同的根管填充材料在一次性根管治疗中的临床效果。方法 2010年1月～2011年1月于笔者所在门诊收治的各类牙髓炎、根尖周炎需进行根管治疗的患者共213例,330颗牙。随机分为3组,分别采用Vitapex糊剂(A组)、Cortisomol糊剂(B组)以及碘仿氧化锌丁香油糊剂(C组)进行根管填充,比较3组根管填充治疗1周后患者疼痛情况及术后1年的治愈率。结果根管治疗1周后,A组疼痛发生率为13.6%,B组为16.4%,C组为28.2%,C组疼痛发生率明显高于A、B组(P<0.05);C组疼痛评分明显高于A、B组(P<0.05);1年后A组治愈率为91.2%,B组为90.0%,C组为79.1%,C组明显低于A、B组(P<0.05);A、B组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在同等的操作条件下Vitapex糊剂、Cortisomol糊剂比碘仿氧化锌丁香油糊剂有更好的疗效,是较为理想的根充材料。     

An assessment of the ability of tree guards to prevent browsing damage using captive swamp wallabies (Wallabia bicolor)

Tree guards made of wire, plastic mesh, plastic film and rigid plastic tubing were examined for their ability to prevent browsing by captive swamp wallabies. All plastic mesh guards guards were ineffective as were all guards less than 1.0 m high other than rigid plastic tubes. Wire mesh guards reduced browsing but installation was difficult and laborious.     

Intracapsular Hip Fracture: Increased Cortical Remodeling in the Thinned and Porous Anterior Region of the Femoral Neck

It has been shown previously that the antero-inferior cortex is subjected to maximal tensile stress during a fall onto the greater trochanter. We have recently shown that in cases of femoral neck fracture, cortical thinning and porosity is greatest in the anterior and antero-inferior region of the femoral neck. To investigate whether this is due to increased remodeling, we have quantified surface-based parameters associated with Haversian remodeling in femoral neck biopsies from women with intracapsular hip fracture and post-mortem controls. Cryostat sections of chilled biopsies were reacted for either tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Proportions of active canals were determined in each quadrant (inferior, anterior, superior, posterior) of the femoral neck. The biopsies were then embedded in methacrylate to permit histomorphometry using Goldner’s and Solochrome sections. In the cases there was no significant increase in the proportion of canals undergoing remodeling in the cortex as a whole (p = 0.846), but the regional distribution of remodeling was markedly different from that in the controls. In the anterior cortex, the proportion of canals undergoing remodeling was increased by 56% (p = 0.0087); in contrast there was a relative decrease of 35% in the superior region (p = 0.0047). In the anterior cortex of cases there were 76% and 42% increases in the proportions of eroded (p = 0.019) and osteoid-bearing (p = 0.041) canals, respectively. In the superior region, the decrease in the proportion of remodeling sites was due to a marked decrease in canals with an osteoid surface (51%; p = 0.0031). Covariance analysis with cortical porosity as the dependent variable showed that porosity was significantly dependent on the regional distribution of eroded (p = 0.033) but not on the distribution of forming (p = 0.153) canals (R ²adj = 0.51). Cellular levels of TRAP and ALP were significantly elevated in the anterior region of cases compared with the controls (TRAP 55%, p = 0.006; ALP 36%, p = 0.003). For the posterior and inferior regions there were no marked differences in cellular TRAP and ALP levels compared with control values. These data show that the increased cortical thinning and increased porosity we have previously observed in the anterior cortex in cases of hip fracture are associated with increased indices of Haversian remodeling. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that, in cases of hip fracture, remodeling imbalance in the anterior cortex is a continuing process up to the time of fracture and is due to increased osteoclastic cellular activity associated with an osteoblastic response that is inadequate to prevent bone loss. Received: 16 November 1998 / Accepted: 17 February 1999     

椎板间开窗潜行减压治疗退行性腰椎管狭窄症(115例分析报告)

行椎板间开窗潜行减压治疗退行性腰椎管狭窄症115例,平均年龄54.2岁,病程平均3年9个月;全部病人都有腰痛和一侧或两侧下肢痛及麻木,均有间歇性跛行。除X线平片外,CT、CTM和/或MRI检查101例,椎管造影24例。其中伴椎间盘突出7例。狭窄段位于L_(4,5)49例,L_5S_125例,L_(3,4)3例,两个节段(L_(4,5)和L_5S_1或L_(4,5)和L_(3,4))26例,三个节段(L_(3,4),L_(4,5),L_5S_1)12例。术后复查CT/MRI 59例。结果84例获得随访,平均时间3年7个月,优51例,良27例,优良率91.66％。认为椎板间开窗潜行减压是治疗退行性腰椎管狭窄症的有效方法。该法简便、能维持后柱的稳定性。     

神经根切断术治疗痉挛性脑瘫

目的 研究治疗痉挛性脑瘫新的手术方法。方法 利用臂丛神经根相互代偿的原理设计了选择性臂丛神经根断术以及腰骶神经根选择性切断术治疗痉挛性脑瘫的方法,对９例病例进行治疗（上肢７例,下肢２例）结果术后９例患者肢体痉挛明显减轻,功能得到显著改善。结论 选择性神经根切断术对减轻脑瘫肢体痉挛疗效显著。     

同侧颈7神经根选择性束组移位术的临床应用

目的　证实同侧选择性颈 7神经根移位术治疗臂丛上干撕脱伤的科学性、可行性与实用性。方法　 1996年 3月至 1997年 2月 ,运用同侧颈 7神经根选择性束组移位术治疗臂丛根性撕脱伤 8例。其中 ,上干撕脱伤 7例 ,上干根性撕脱伤合并颈 7神经根部分损伤 1例。选择颈 7神经根前股或前股前外侧份行移位术 ,直接与上干前股作显微缝合。 5例术后随访 6个月 ,3例因时间短未统计在内。结果　 8例移位后同侧颈 7神经根支配的肌肉均未见明显的功能障碍。颈7神经根前股外侧份移位至上干前股的 5例 ,4例术后 4个月肱二头肌已恢复屈肘动作 ,疗效显著。 1例合并颈7神经根部分损伤患者的功能恢复欠佳。结论　同侧选择性颈 7神经根纤维束组移位 ,提供了治疗臂丛根性撕脱伤新的动力神经源 ,为一种切实可行的新手术方法     

椎管内脊膜瘤的诊断及手术治疗：———附42例报告

目的：回顾性研究４２例脊椎管内脊膜瘤的临床表现、诊断及手术治疗效果。方法：分别对椎管内脊膜瘤的部位、类型、临床表现、影像学特征和手术治疗方法进行描述。结果：３９例肿瘤全部切除,３例大部切除,术后随访３月～６年,３例复发再手术,１例术后症状加重,１例术后发生肺部感染。手术优良率达９０４８％。结论：根据临床表现、影像学特征结合病理检查能确立诊断,手术治疗是行之有效的治疗方法     

老年性腰椎管狭窄症的外科治疗

目的：探讨６０岁以上老年性腰椎管狭窄症外科治疗的方法及疗效。方法：自病变间隙切除棘间韧带,咬除部分上、下棘突和椎板（１／４～１／３）,切除黄韧带,两侧小关节突内缘有限切除（＜１／３）,前方凿除骨性凸起及摘除突出髓核,伴腰椎不稳者,行保留的上、下棘突劈开自体髂骨植入植骨。结果：２０例经１２～１８个月随访,疗效均达优。结论：腰椎管环形减压术治疗老年性腰椎管狭窄,目的性强,减压较彻底,对腰椎稳定性影响小。     

下腰椎椎管CT图像辅助计算机测量分析

目的 探讨ＣＴ图像几何学测量的不同方法和指标对腰椎管狭窄症的诊断价值。方法 以正常人群和腰椎管狭窄症患者各１００例的下腰段ＣＴ图像为样本,应用计算机图像分析系统,测量了椎管矢径、横径、椎管面积和椎管内切圆面积等项指标。结果 在正常组和狭窄组之间,狭窄且内不同的病程段之间进行比较,各项指标的差异均具有显著性意义。在几种测量方法中,椎管面积和不同测量对狭窄组的诊断符合率分别为８６．７５％和９２．１７％