咀嚼运动前后脑血流变化的研究

目的：观察咀嚼运动前后脑血流的改变，探讨这些变化的意义。材料与方法：应用超产多谱勒探测仪探测咀嚼前和咀嚼10分钟后脑血流的改变，对所测大脑中动脉的收缩期峰流速、舒张期末峰流速、平均峰流速进行对比分析。结果：咀嚼运动后大脑中动脉收缩期峰流速、舒张期末峰流速及平均峰流速较咀嚼运动前均有明显增加。结论：咀嚼运动可使脑血管的血流流速增加，使脑血流量增多，在促进脑的发育及功能的行使方面有重要作用。     

急性冠脉综合征中妊娠相关蛋白-A与斑块不稳定性

目的探讨妊娠相关蛋白-A(PAPP-A)在急性冠脉综合征(ACS)中的变化及其与斑块不稳定性的关系。方法26例冠脉正常者作为对照组,稳定性心绞痛(SA)组22例,ACS组40例,包括不稳定性心绞痛(UA)20例、急性心肌梗死(AMI)20例。定量检测外周血PAPP-A、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、肌酸激酶MB同工酶(CK-MB)。对所有冠脉造影显示狭窄≥30%的病变进行影像学分析。结果ACS中PAPP-A含量(13·19±4·04)mIU/L明显高于SA(5·47±3·00)mIU/L(P<0·01)及对照组(5·09±2·19)mIU/L(P<0·01);并且与CRP(r=0·62P<0·01)、复杂性狭窄的数量(r=0·45P<0·05)有显著的正相关。结论PAPP-A在ACS患者外周血中明显升高,可能与斑块的不稳定性有关,对ACS的危险度分层可能具有一定的价值。     

Rebound intracranial hypertension after treatment of spontaneous intracranial hypotension

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is characterized by orthostatic headache and the cause is usually cerebrospinal fluid leaks in spine level. Most patients with SIH have a benign course. Epidural blood patch (EBP) is the treatment of choice when initial conservative managements are ineffective. We reported a patient with SIH diagnosed by using magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide cisternography. Acute rebound intracranial hypertension developed after EBP and was successfully treated with intravenous osmotic agent.     

5-氮胞苷诱导对骨髓间充质千细胞凋亡影响的实验研究

目的：研究5-胞苷（5-azacytidine，5-aza）对体外培养的兔骨髓问充质于细胞（mensenchymal stemcell，MSC）凋亡的影响。方法：体外分离培养兔MSC，用不同浓度5-aza诱导不同时间．观察MSC凋亡情况。结果：正常培养兔MSC有轻度细胞捌亡；5-aza诱导浓度达15μmol／L时凋亡率明显增加（P〈0．01）．当浓度达10μmol／L，诱导时间延长则细胞洲亡率明显增加（P〈0．05），超过15μmol／l。时出现成片细胞死亡。结论：5-aza诱导对体外培养兔骨髓间质干细胞有诱导细胞凋亡作用，其作用程度与诱导时间及浓度有关。     

Comparison of Asymmetry in Cerebral Blood Flow Between Brain Hemispheres Using Digital Subtraction Angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recently, endovascular techniques have gained significant therapeutic potential for both treatment and prevention of stroke. Cerebral angiography, which is an essential component of these procedures, has been used to provide morphological information regarding condition of blood vessels. In this study, we propose to determine the possibility of acquiring information regarding cerebral blood flow (CBF) in addition to morphologic information from data routinely available during angiography. METHODS: Digital subtraction angiography sequences were obtained for eight patients having occlusive disease in internal carotid artery (ICA) territories. Two regions-of-interest (ROIs) corresponding to the two brain hemispheres on AP view were delineated. For each image, the average pixel value within each ROI was calculated and used to generate time-density curves. Indices obtained from each curve were compared with each other and with the results obtained from the single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies performed a pre- or postangiography procedure. RESULTS: Comparison between ICA stenosis and cerebral perfusion measurements revealed that cerebral perfusion deficit can be independent of arterial occlusive disease. The indices obtained from the time-density curves exhibit a correlating trend with the results from SPECT studies. However, lack of sufficient sample data prevented any meaningful statistical analysis to be conducted. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a technique for utilizing the angiographic data for the important task of routinely and easily measuring CBF. Availability of CBF measurements during cerebral angiography may favorably impact upon the appropriate use of endovascular procedures and potentially contribute to the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated with stroke.     

基于形状因子分析的重叠细胞自动判别技术研究

重叠细胞的判别在细胞计数和参数测量中有非常重要的意义.本文根据重叠细胞的形态特征,提出根据形状因子来判断细胞是否重叠.首先研究了形状因子的计算方法,对重叠细胞形状因子的阈值P0进行了探讨和实验,得出P0=0.5:当PE≤P0,认为目标存在细胞重叠;PE＞P0,认为目标不存在细胞重叠.实验结果证明本技术能检测出不同形状的重叠细胞,准确率为95%.     

Bax，Bcl-2在非小细胞肺癌中的表达相关性研究

目的 研究Bax，Bel-2在人类非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其相关性。方法 应用免疫组织化学（S—P法）检测80例非小细胞肺癌组织标本和40例肺良性病变组织中Bax，Bcl-2的表达水平。结果 ①非小细胞肺癌组织中Bax，Bel-2表达水平分别为63．8％，51．2％，二者表达均与组织学类型无关；②Bax，Bel-2在非小细胞肺癌中表达呈负相关。结论 Bax，Bel-2共同参与细胞凋亡，促进非小细胞肺癌的发生发展。     

神经干细胞的端粒酶活性与其增殖分化的关系

目的探讨体外培养的神经干细胞端粒酶活性与细胞增殖、分化的关系,以及细胞分化后端粒酶逆转录酶的表达情况。方法采用无血清培养法从新生大鼠脑皮质分离培养神经干细胞；通过免疫荧光细胞染色鉴定神经干细胞；细胞计数法检测细胞的增殖情况；TRAP-ELISA法测定神经干细胞的端粒酶活性：RT-PCR法和Western-blot法测定细胞分化前后的端粒酶逆转录酶的表达。结果从新生大鼠脑皮质分离培养的神经干细胞具有端粒酶活性；体外培养12周内,神经干细胞的端粒酶活性未见变化,细胞的增殖速率亦未见明显不同；神经干细胞分化后端粒酶活性丧失,端粒酶逆转录酶的mRNA和蛋白质也均未见表达。结论在体外培养过程中,大鼠脑神经干细胞的端粒酶活性和细胞增殖速率未见变化；神经干细胞分化后端粒酶活性丧失,可能是由于端粒酶逆转录酶停止表达所致。     

骨髓基质干细胞移植对大鼠胶质瘤局部微环境的影响

目的:探讨骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)移植对脑胶质瘤模型大鼠(荷瘤大鼠)胶质瘤的影响。方法:观察BMSCs培养上清液对C6胶质瘤细胞增殖活性、细胞周期的影响。观察脑内移植BMSCs对胶质瘤核增殖抗原(PCNA)表达阳性率、脑内胶质瘤微血管计数的影响及荷瘤鼠生存期的改变。结果:BMSCs培养上清液对胶质瘤细胞增殖没有明显的影响;BMSCs可抑制肿瘤边缘及卫星灶的肿瘤增殖,对肿瘤内部的细胞增殖没有明显影响。移植BMSCs后肿瘤边缘及卫星灶的微血管计数未见明显改变。移植BMSCs后的荷瘤大鼠脑内胶质瘤水肿有所减轻。结论:BMSCs移植可轻度抑制荷瘤鼠脑内胶质瘤细胞的增殖。     

Isolation and differentiation of embryonic stem cells from BALB/c mouse

Objective To invest the efficient method which can culture and induce embryonic stem cells to neurocyte in vitro. Methods Isolate the blastula of 3.5 d from BALB/c species mouse. Culture the cells from inner cell mass (inner cell mass, ICM) which were isolated by mechanical method on the mouse embryonic fibroblaste cell (MEF) feeder layer or 0.1% gelatin coated dishes. The stem cells were identified by characterized morphology, alkaline phosphatase stain, differential potency in vivo and immunochemistry stain. The isolated cells were differentiated by serial induction method that mimicking the intrinsic developmental process of the neural system. Results The isolated cells were positive for alkaline phosphatatse and SSEA-1 (stage specific embryonic antigen 1). Moreover they were identified pluripotent by differentiation in vivo. Therefore the isolated cells presented the characters of ESCs. Then the isolated cells were able to differentiate into neurocytes in vitro. Conclusion Mouse embryonic stem cells isolation, culture and differentiation system has been established.