信息化预警管理在泌尿外科术后双J管留置患者中的应用研究

目的 探讨信息化预警管理系统在留置双J管患者中的应用效果,进一步规范双J管管理,减少导管滞留所致的相关并发症。方法 我科与相关人员联合开发了可嵌入医院HIS信息系统的“双J管信息预警系统”。以2019年7月至2020年6月系统应用前收治的泌尿外科术后留置双J管的患者作为对照组,以2020年7月至2021年10月系统应用后收治的患者作为观察组,每组随机抽取200例。比较两组患者双J管相关信息登记耗时、登记遗漏率、双J管按时处置率及导管相关并发症发生率。结果 观察组双J管相关信息登记耗时为（7.15±1.49）s,少于对照组的（55.55±8.94）s,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。观察组患者信息登记遗漏率低于对照组（1.50%vs 13.00%）,且双J管按时处置率高于对照组（97.00%vs 52.50%）,导管相关并发症发生率低于对照组（49.50%vs 76.50%）,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 双J管信息化预警系统能够快速、便捷、准确地进行患者信息登记,有利于缩短登记耗时、提高患者双J管按时处置率、降低登记遗漏率和导管相关并发症发生率,进而确...     

Regionally selective atrophy of subcortical structures in prodromal HD as revealed by statistical shape analysis

Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that involves preferential atrophy in the striatal complex and related subcortical nuclei. In this article, which is based on a dataset extracted from the PREDICT‐HD study, we use statistical shape analysis with deformation markers obtained through “Large Deformation Diffeomorphic Metric Mapping” of cortical surfaces to highlight specific atrophy patterns in the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus, at different prodromal stages of the disease. On the basis of the relation to cortico‐basal ganglia circuitry, we propose that statistical shape analysis, along with other structural and functional imaging studies, may help expand our understanding of the brain circuitry affected and other aspects of the neurobiology of HD, and also guide the most effective strategies for intervention. Hum Brain Mapp 35:792–809, 2014. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Influence of magnetic field strength and image registration strategy on voxel‐based morphometry in a study of Alzheimer's disease

Multi‐centre data repositories like the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) offer a unique research platform, but pose questions concerning comparability of results when using a range of imaging protocols and data processing algorithms. The variability is mainly due to the non‐quantitative character of the widely used structural T1‐weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images. Although the stability of the main effect of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on brain structure across platforms and field strength has been addressed in previous studies using multi‐site MR images, there are only sparse empirically‐based recommendations for processing and analysis of pooled multi‐centre structural MR data acquired at different magnetic field strengths (MFS). Aiming to minimise potential systematic bias when using ADNI data we investigate the specific contributions of spatial registration strategies and the impact of MFS on voxel‐based morphometry in AD. We perform a whole‐brain analysis within the framework of Statistical Parametric Mapping, testing for main effects of various diffeomorphic spatial registration strategies, of MFS and their interaction with disease status. Beyond the confirmation of medial temporal lobe volume loss in AD, we detect a significant impact of spatial registration strategy on estimation of AD related atrophy. Additionally, we report a significant effect of MFS on the assessment of brain anatomy (i) in the cerebellum, (ii) the precentral gyrus and (iii) the thalamus bilaterally, showing no interaction with the disease status. We provide empirical evidence in support of pooling data in multi‐centre VBM studies irrespective of disease status or MFS. Hum Brain Mapp 35:1865–1874, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Intensity and sulci landmark combined brain atlas construction for Chinese pediatric population

Constructing an atlas from a population of brain images is of vital importance to medical image analysis. Especially in neuroscience study, creating a brain atlas is useful for intra‐ and inter‐population comparison. Research on brain atlas construction has attracted great attention in recent years, but the research on pediatric population is still limited, mainly due to the limited availability and the relatively low quality of pediatric magnetic resonance brain images. This article is targeted at creating a high quality representative brain atlas for Chinese pediatric population. To achieve this goal, we have designed a set of preprocessing procedures to improve the image quality and developed an intensity and sulci landmark combined groupwise registration method to align the population of images for atlas construction. As demonstrated in experiments, the newly constructed atlas can better represent the size and shape of brains of Chinese pediatric population, and show better performance in Chinese pediatric brain image analysis compared with other standard atlases. Hum Brain Mapp 35:3880–3892, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc .     

Organ donation video messaging: differential appeal,emotional valence,and behavioral intention

Video narratives increasingly are used to draw the public's attention to the need for more registered organ donors. We assessed the differential impact of donation messaging videos on appeal, emotional valence, and organ donation intentions in 781 non‐registered adults. Participants watched six videos (four personal narratives, one informational video without personal narrative, and one unrelated to donation) with or without sound (subtitled), randomly sequenced to minimize order effects. We assessed appeal, emotional valence, readiness to register as organ donors, and donation information‐seeking behavior. Compared to other video types, one featuring a pediatric transplant recipient (with or without sound) showed more favorable appeal (p < 0.001), generated more positive emotional valence (p < 0.01), and had the most favorable impact on organ donor willingness (p < 0.001). Ninety‐five (12%) participants clicked through to a donation website after viewing all six videos. Minority race (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.20, 3.13, p = 0.006), positive change in organ donor readiness (OR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.48, p < 0.001), and total positive emotion (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.07, p < 0.001) were significant multivariable predictors of clicking through to the donation website. Brief, one‐min videos can have a very dramatic and positive impact on willingness to consider donation and behavioral intentions to register as an organ donor.     

Evaluation of accuracy of B-spline transformation-based deformable image registration with different parameter settings for thoracic images

Deformable image registration (DIR) is fundamental technique for adaptive radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy. However, further improvement of DIR is still needed. We evaluated the accuracy of B-spline transformation-based DIR implemented in elastix. This registration package is largely based on the Insight Segmentation and Registration Toolkit (ITK), and several new functions were implemented to achieve high DIR accuracy. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether new functions implemented in elastix are useful for improving DIR accuracy. Thoracic 4D computed tomography images of ten patients with esophageal or lung cancer were studied. Datasets for these patients were provided by DIR-lab (dir-lab.com) and included a coordinate list of anatomical landmarks that had been manually identified. DIR between peak-inhale and peak-exhale images was performed with four types of parameter settings. The first one represents original ITK (Parameter 1). The second employs the new function of elastix (Parameter 2), and the third was created to verify whether new functions improve DIR accuracy while keeping computational time (Parameter 3). The last one partially employs a new function (Parameter 4). Registration errors for these parameter settings were calculated using the manually determined landmark pairs. 3D registration errors with standard deviation over all cases were 1.78 (1.57), 1.28 (1.10), 1.44 (1.09) and 1.36 (1.35) mm for Parameter 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, indicating that the new functions are useful for improving DIR accuracy, even while maintaining the computational time, and this B-spline-based DIR could be used clinically to achieve high-accuracy adaptive radiotherapy.     

基于ClinicalTrials.gov注册平台分析的组织工程临床试验注册的现状

文题释义：ClinicalTrials.gov注册平台：ClinicalTrials.gov注册平台现由美国国立卫生研究院(National Institutes of Health,NIH)国家医学图书馆(National Library of Medicine,NLM)维护,是国际上使用最普遍的临床试验注册平台,涵盖了美国50个州和另外208个国家/地区开展的多个领域的近30万项临床试验;此外,在该平台进行临床试验注册符合国际医学期刊编辑委员会(International Committee of Medical Journal Editors,ICMJE)对相关论文发表的要求。 对组织工程临床转化研究的意义：基于ClinicalTrials.gov注册平台中的临床试验注册数据,通过对组织工程领域临床试验的注册数量、适应证、申办者、分期等角度进行统计分析,全面把握该领域的临床试验注册现状,以期为组织工程临床转化研究提供参考和证据支持。 背景：组织器官市场供求不平衡,积极开展组织工程基础研究并加快临床转化至关重要。 目的：对组织工程临床试验注册现状进行整体分析,为组织工程临床转化研究提供参考和证据支持。 方法：通过ClinicalTrials.gov注册平台采集数据,利用文献计量法和数理统计法,从注册数量、适应证、申办者、分期等角度对组织工程临床试验注册现状进行分析。 结果与结论：①全球组织工程领域临床试验434项,中国65项;全球和中国均是超过一半为随机对照试验,全球18项国际多中心临床试验中未见中国机构参与;全球和中国分别涵盖适应证57种、37种,主要集中于骨和软骨、牙、皮肤等领域;全球申办者275个,中国33个;②全球和中国均是Ⅰ期/Ⅱ期临床试验注册数量最多;③通过对组织工程临床试验注册现状的分析发现,组织工程领域的临床应用转化较少,中国虽然注册数量在全球占据第二位,但与美国仍存在一定差距;已经积累了一定数量的高证据级别的临床试验,但缺乏高潜在国际市场价值的产品;研究机构和医疗机构对临床转化研究更为重视,临床应用主要集中于骨和软骨、牙及皮肤的缺损或功能缺陷的治疗,主要处于安全性或有效性评价阶段。 ORCID: 0000-0002-7227-732X(卢岩) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

The Ontology of Clinical Research (OCRe): An informatics foundation for the science of clinical research

To date, the scientific process for generating, interpreting, and applying knowledge has received less informatics attention than operational processes for conducting clinical studies. The activities of these scientific processes – the science of clinical research – are centered on the study protocol, which is the abstract representation of the scientific design of a clinical study. The Ontology of Clinical Research (OCRe) is an OWL 2 model of the entities and relationships of study design protocols for the purpose of computationally supporting the design and analysis of human studies. OCRe’s modeling is independent of any specific study design or clinical domain. It includes a study design typology and a specialized module called ERGO Annotation for capturing the meaning of eligibility criteria. In this paper, we describe the key informatics use cases of each phase of a study’s scientific lifecycle, present OCRe and the principles behind its modeling, and describe applications of OCRe and associated technologies to a range of clinical research use cases. OCRe captures the central semantics that underlies the scientific processes of clinical research and can serve as an informatics foundation for supporting the entire range of knowledge activities that constitute the science of clinical research.     

Reproducibility of habitual intercuspation in vivo

Objectives

The aim of this in vivo study was to investigate how reproducible individuals find their habitual intercuspation.

Methods

A new type of highly accurate measuring procedure was involved using an intraoral optical scanning device (Cerec Bluecam). First, a pilot test investigated the accuracy of the procedure within a standardized setting. With regard to the in vivo study, fifteen participants with full dentition were selected. For each of these individuals, eight scans were taken both in the morning and in the afternoon. Furthermore, during each session, scans were taken both in horizontal and upright position. In order to compare this to ubiquitous used processes, plaster replicas of five individuals were investigated as well. The scans were analysed, and the differences in the position of the lower jaw were calculated by a specialized superimposition program (n = 570 comparisons/OraCheck).

Results

The results showed that there was no significant difference between the time of day and the position of the patient. The overall mean ± SD value for locating the habitual intercuspation was 42 ± 34 μm, however ranging from 22 ± 9 μm to 77 ± 58 μm for single individuals. On the other hand, the differences in positioning plaster replicas reached a mean of 135 ± 77 μm.

Conclusions

The reproducibility of the habitual intercuspation can be obtained under in vivo conditions by a newly developed and highly accurate measuring procedure. Individuals with full dentition show values in average of 42 μm.

Clinical significance

Determining the occlusal jaw relation is an important precondition in restorative dentistry and many methods are proposed for a proper occlusal registration. Although much is known about in vitro accuracy of these techniques, little is known how reproducible the habitual occlusal position itself is found between individuals.