西医学历背景护士中医护理基础知识及技能培训内容的构建

目的构建西医学历教育背景的在职护士中医护理基础知识与技能的培训内容。方法通过文献回顾、文献计量学分析、德尔菲专家函询法确定培训内容及权重。结果培训内容包括"中医护理概述""中医护理基本理论""中医护理基本内容""中医护理基本技术"4个一级条目及30个二级条目和105个三级条目。结论构建的西医学历教育背景在职护士中医护理基础知识与技能培训内容的专家积极系数、权威程度较高,意见集中,结果可靠。临床护士中医护理基础知识与技能培训内容的构建能够为各机构中医护理培训提供依据。     

Medicine administration errors and their severity in secondary care older persons’ ward: a multi‐centre observational study

Aim and objectives. To assess the severity of medicine administration errors to older patients. Background. Severity of medicine administration errors has been determined in a variety of settings but not in care‐of‐older‐person wards, which this study aims to do. Design. Undisguised observational study. Participants. Sixty‐two nurses were observed administering oral medicines to 625 patients. Interventions. Data were collected on the preparation and administration of oral medicines. Thirty‐five cases of error were selected and analysed for their severity. Results. In the 65 drug rounds observed 2129 potential drug administrations were made to 625 patients, of which 817 doses (38·4%) were given incorrectly (95% CI = 36·3–40·4). The overall mean harm score of the 35 incidents analysed was 4·1 (range 1·1–8·6, SD 1·8) on a scale of 0–10. Conclusions. The number and severity of MAEs observed is high compared with previous studies. Relevance to clinical practice. There is a need to decrease the number and severity of MAEs, by increasing nurse awareness and error reporting.     

Dedicated teaching block for undergraduate geriatric medicine improves knowledge

Aim: This paper describes the performance of 5th year medical students in multiple choice question (MCQ) examinations before and after a geriatric medicine teaching block. Methods: A 30‐question MCQ test was administered at the start and a 45‐question one at the end of the course. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in the MCQ scores from a mean of 62% (SD 10.4) to 75.2% (SD 7.9) (P < 0.001). Total mean scores for the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Geriatrics Knowledge test improved from 65% (SD 10.4) to 73%(SD 11.7) (P < 0.001). Total mean scores for the American Geriatric Society (AGS) Geriatrics Review Syllabus MCQs improved from 59.3% (SD 17.0) to 78.1% (SD 12.1) (P < 0.001). Post‐course, students scored equally well in the new questions, the validated UCLA test and the AGS questions. Conclusion: An undergraduate geriatric medicine clinical teaching block in senior clinical years can increase students' knowledge in geriatric medicine.     

中西医结合治疗耐药性肺结核病的临床观察

目的探讨中西医结合治疗耐药性肺结核病的临床疗效。方法选择门诊复治耐药肺结核病患者80例,分成治疗组和对照组。两组患者在给予相同抗结核药物治疗的基础上,治疗组40例,加服中药养阴润肺汤,对照组40例只给予口服抗结核药物治疗,疗程均为1个月。健康对照组40人外周血做对照。结果治疗组痰涂片和痰结核分枝杆菌培养的阴转、病灶吸收好转、血沉恢复正常与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群变化治疗前、后比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,对照组治疗前后差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论中西医联合用药可以更好地改善耐药肺结核病患者免疫状况,促进临床症状的改善。     

中药诱导胃癌及癌前病变细胞凋亡研究进展

目的:探讨中药诱导胃癌及癌前病变细胞凋亡的研究进展。方法:对近年来胃癌及癌前病变细胞凋亡相关文献进行分析、总结,并提出研究中的不足及展望。结果:中药及复方可诱导胃癌及癌前病变细胞凋亡。结论:中药及其复方可通过诱导细胞凋亡,从而治疗胃癌及癌前病变。     

中医药对慢性肾炎患者免疫功能的影响

慢性肾小球肾炎(CGN)是临床常见的肾脏疾病,由多种原因、多种病理类型组成的原发于肾小球的一组免疫性疾病。根据其病理类型和病期不同,临床表现各不相同,呈多样化表现。近期有学者采用中医药调节慢性肾炎患者的免疫功能,从而提高慢性肾炎的临床疗效,延缓其发展进程,取得了可喜的进展。