胫后神经体感诱发电位对脊髓病变的定位诊断

目的：研究胫后神经体感诱发电位（ＳＥＰ）对脊髓病变的定位诊断价值。方法：电刺激胫后神经，于腰椎、胸椎、颈椎和头皮置记录电极，依次记录ＣＥ，Ｎ２４，Ｎ２８和Ｐ４０电位峰潜伏期。共检测１５例对照组和２９例经磁共振（ＭＲＩ）证实的腰骶神经根或脊髓病变患者。结果：（１）ＣＥ，Ｎ２４，Ｎ２８和Ｐ４０电位均异常，见于腰骶神经根病变。（２）ＣＥ正常，Ｎ２４，Ｎ２８和Ｐ４０异常，或Ｎ２４异常，余电位均正常，见于腰骶髓病变。（３）ＣＥ，Ｎ２４正常，Ｎ２８和Ｐ４０异常，见于胸髓病变。（４）ＣＥ，Ｎ２４，Ｎ２８正常，Ｐ４０异常，见于第６颈椎以上病变。结论：胫后神经ＳＥＰ临床上具有定位诊断价值     

Paraspinal mapping: Quantified needle electromyography in lumbar radiculopathy

In the diagnosis of low back pain, the presence of a high percentage of false positive findings on radiologic imaging studies has lead to a more definitive role for electrodiagnosis as a confirmatory test. The paraspinal muscles are a crucial part of the electrodiagnostic examination for radiculopathy. To date, no technique for paraspinal evaluation has been validated. Based on previously documented anatomical techniques, we have designed a method of paraspinal examination termed “paraspinal mapping” (PM). Electromyographic (EMG) needles are placed in five carefully chosen locations and inserted in multiple directions. Individual scores for these insertions are added to determine a total PM sensitivity score. The first 50 studies using PM were compared to peripheral EMG, imaging studies, and pain drawings. Results indicate that the technique is easy to perform. Sensitivity scores relate well with these tests. In this limited and uncontrolled population, PM had higher sensitivity for abnormalities than either peripheral EMG or imaging studies. Because of the anatomical validity of PM, future studies may show it to be useful in localizing the level of radiculopathy independently from peripheral EMG, and to support clinical findings and imaging studies. © 1993 John Wiley & Soncs, Inc.     

Clinical analysis of cervical radiculopathy causing deltoid paralysis

In general, deltoid paralysis develops in patients with cervical disc herniation (CDH) or cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) at the level of C4/5, resulting in compression of the C5 nerve root. Therefore, little attention has been paid to CDH or CSR at other levels as the possible cause of deltoid paralysis. In addition, the surgical outcomes for deltoid paralysis have not been fully described. Fourteen patients with single-level CDH or CSR, who had undergone anterior cervical decompression and fusion for deltoid paralysis, were included in this study. The severity of deltoid paralysis was classified into five grades according to manual motor power test, and the severity of radiculopathy was recorded on a visual analog scale (zero to ten points). The degree of improvement in both the severity of deltoid paralysis and radiculopathy following surgery was evaluated. Of 14 patients, one had C3/4 CDH, four had C4/5 CDH, three had C4/5 CSR, one had C5/6 CDH, and five had C5/6 CSR. Both deltoid paralysis and radiculopathy improved significantly with surgery (2.57+/-0.51 grades vs 4.14+/-0.66, P=0.001, and 7.64+/-1.65 points vs 3.21+/-0.58, P=0.001, respectively). In conclusion, the current study demonstrates that deltoid paralysis can develop due to CDH or CSR not only C4/5, but also at the levels of C3/4 and C5/6, and that surgical decompression significantly improves the degree of deltoid paralysis due to cervical radiculopathy.     

椎旁肌横截面积变化可导致退行性腰椎滑脱

背景：近年来,关节突关节形态在退变性腰椎滑脱症发病中所起的作用是讨论的焦点,但多集中于关节角及骨关节炎CT表现的研究。有研究表明椎旁肌横截面积的变化被认为可能是退行性腰椎滑脱的病理学诊断的重要标志,但既往的研究由于样本量偏小、研究对象的年龄较小以及测量等诸多问题限制了其结论的准确性。目的：观察退变性腰椎滑脱两侧椎旁肌的MRI影像学变化。方法：采用回顾性研究方法,选取退行性腰椎滑脱的患者80例作为腰椎滑脱组,选取健康者80例作为对照组。应用Image J软件测量两组MRIT2加权像上L3—5椎体下终板水平两侧竖脊肌和腰大肌的横截面积,并计算相关数据的比值。结果与结论：与对照组相比,腰椎滑脱组同侧并同水平椎旁肌的横截面积比值增高（P〈0．05）,同水平左右腰大肌横截面积的均值减小（P〈0．05）,同水平左右竖棘肌横截面积的均值差异均无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。结果说明,椎旁肌横截面积的变化可导致退行性腰椎滑脱,可考虑其作为退行性腰椎滑脱的诊断标准。     

平针法治疗神经根型颈椎病临床研究

目的:观察平针法治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法:将60例神经根型颈椎病的患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各30例。对照组给予常规针刺法,治疗组给予平针法。比较两组患者的临床疗效,观察两组患者治疗疼痛分级指数(PRI)及现有疼痛强度(PPI)积分变化情况。结果:治疗组有效率为96.7%,对照组有效率为90.0%,两组患者临床疗效比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者治疗后PRI、PPI均低于治疗前,且治疗组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:平针法治疗神经型根颈病椎临床疗效确切,可改善患者的临床症状。     

中药配合牵引治疗神经根型颈椎病疗效观察

目的：观察中药结合牵引治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法：将96例神经根型颈椎病患者随机分为两组,口服中药结合牵引治疗组50例,单纯牵引对照组46例。两组均于治疗两个疗程（4周）后行疗效评定。结果：治疗组总有效率为92%,对照组78.3%。经统计学分析,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。治疗组的疗效明显优于对照组。结论：中药结合牵引治疗神经根型颈椎病有确切疗效。     

颈腰止痛药配针刺治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床观察

[目的] 观察颈腰止痛药配合针刺治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效和安全性.[方法]将200例患者随机分为试验组和对照组各100例,分别用颈腰止痛药加针灸、根痛平加针灸治疗,疗程均为20d;观察两组临床疗效及治疗前后中医证候积分的变化情况.[结果] 治疗组总有效率为91.00%,对照组总有效率为86.00%,组间疗效比较无显著性差异(P＜0.05);治疗组在改善中医证候、疼痛记分及握力方面明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).[结论] 颈腰止痛药可明显改善神经根型颈椎病的临床症状、中医证候,且无毒副作用.     

臭氧盘内配合曲安奈德颈深筋膜间隙注射治疗神经根型颈椎病

目的探讨利用臭氧盘内注射配合曲安奈德颈深筋膜间隙注射治疗神经根型颈椎病的临床效果。方法将收治的60例神经根型颈椎病患者随机分为二组,比较MacNab评价和VAS评分差异。结果通过改良的MacNab疗效评价标准J和VAS评分,联合组在术后7天和3个月治疗效果明显优于臭氧组。结论臭氧盘内注射配合曲安奈德颈深筋膜间隙注射治疗神经根型颈椎病疗效优于单一臭氧治疗,值得临床推广应用。     

100例腰骶神经根神经病的热成象研究

目的对腰骶神经根病患者的神经损伤程度与热成象体表温差的相关性进行研究。方法将１００例腰骶神经根病患者按照热成象检查结果分为正常（２３例）与异常（７７例）两组。在热成象异常组中，根据临床病变程度并结合腱反射改变进一步划分神经损伤程度为轻（３１例）、中（３３例）、重度（１３例）３组，比较３组的温差ΔＴ均值。结果热成象异常的轻、中、重３组温差ΔＴ均值分别为１．１３±０．３４，１．４６±０．５８和２．３５±１．２０（Ｆ检验Ｐ＜０．０００１）。各组间比较差异也均具有非常显著性意义。结论本研究结果提示神经损伤程度与体表温差具有相关性，即神经损伤程度愈重，患侧相应的体表温度愈低，温差越大。热成象具有对神经损伤程度进行初步定量评估的价值。