巯甲丙脯酸对实验性冠状动脉痉挛致左室功能不全的作用

犬２１只，经左冠脉内注射麦角新硷诱发冠脉痉挛后随机静滴生理盐水（对照组）或等量盐水溶的巯甲丙脯酸（治疗组），观察１小时。心电图显示治疗组的异常ＳＴ段下降和严重室性心律失常明显少于对照组；冠脉造影显示治疗组痉挛血管支数及狭窄程度均少于和轻于对照组；左室造影和超声心电图显示治疗组的左室收缩末和舒张末容积小于对照组，ＥＦ值或△Ｄ大于对照组，ＡＡ／ＥＡ小于对照组；血流动力学参数表明治疗组左室收缩压，平均肺     

Evaluation of nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) by automatic image analysis: a contribution to standardization.

This study summarizes our experiences with the silver staining of nucleolus organizer regions (AgNORs) in a total of 580 tumours from ten different tissues. In contrast to other investigators, we made use of automatic image analysis for the evaluation of AgNORs. This provided good reproducibility as determined by the standard cumulative means technique and intra-observer (r1) and inter-observer (r2) agreement in 30 benign (r1 = 0.83-0.95, r2 = 0.76-0.92) and 50 malignant tissue samples (r1 = 0.72-0.85, r2 = 0.51-0.78). By using a series of staining times on sections from 30 tissue blocks taken from the ten types of tissue investigated, considerable variation in the argyrophilic staining of NORs in different tissues and in different blocks from one tumour was shown. The mean AgNOR area of resting lymphocytes or connective tissue cells within tissue blocks of the same organ system varied up to four-fold, even though identical staining times had been used. The most suitable silver reaction time which rendered a good diagnostic difference in the AgNOR content of benign and malignant tissue ranged, for example, in the breast cancer specimens, from 23 to 35 min. We therefore conclude that the staining time has to be adjusted to the individual silver-binding characteristics of each tissue block or even each section. The use of internal staining standards like lymphocytes or connective tissue cells in the same tissue section is mandatory. This, in turn, is most precisely controlled by morphometry.     

临床病毒性脑炎标本的博尔纳病病毒核酸检测

目的 探讨临床病毒性脑炎(viral encephalitis,VE)患者与博尔纳病病毒(Borna disease virus,BDV)感染的关系,分析BDV感染的病毒性脑炎患者临床特征.方法 用荧光定量巢式逆转录聚合酶链反应(FQ-nRT-PCR)方法检测病毒性脑炎患者及非感染性疾病施行蛛网膜下腔阻滞麻醉的手术患者脑脊液单个核细胞(cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cell,CSFMC)中BDV p24基因片段,同时用β-肌动蛋白(β-actin)作为内参照,脑脊液(CSF)阳性标本基因测序分析并总结出临床特征.结果 32例病毒性脑炎脑脊液标本BDV p24基因片段检出率为12.5%(4/32),拷贝数＞102/μl.对其中一份CSF阳性标本测序后,与BDV标准病毒株Ⅴ和马源的BDV病毒株H1766序列比较同源性分别为95.35%和98.84%.在4个位点出现基因突变(nt1649 T→C、nt1656 G→A、nt1670 C→T、nt1676 C→T).该目的基因片段与马源的BDV病毒株亲缘关系最近.阳性脑炎患者主要以精神行为异常为临床特征.结论 贵州省遵义市部分病毒性脑炎的发生与BDV感染有关,主要以精神行为异常为临床特征.     

A photoetched cell relocation matrix for long-term, quantitative observations of selected individual neurons in culture

A photoetched matrix of indium tin oxide (ITO) on glass has been developed and tested as a tool to assist in the relocation and identification of individual neuronal cells in culture. The matrix is formed by 10-15 micron wide and 300 A thick ITO lines which subdivide a 1-cm2 area into 625 smaller squares. Each of the smaller squares measures 400 micron on a side and contains a photoetched two-letter "address". The address code allows precise relocation of specific regions of a culture as well as verification of the identities of individual neurons selected for repeated observation. Marks at 50 micron intervals along the sides of the address squares permit quantitative analysis of morphological changes, cell migration, reaggregation, etc. The ITO is transparent and does not interfere with visualization of even fine details of cells with high power microscopy.     

Direct quantitation of antiseptic quaternary ammonium compounds by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry

The medicinally important quaternary ammonium salts benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride (BDTA), cetylpyridinium chloride and benzethonium chloride, all afford, under fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometric conditions, abundant and persistent [M---Cl]⁺ species usefully amenable to quantitative analysis with the aid of thioglycerol as a liquid FAB matrix. The use of BDTA as an internal standard allowed a direct, precise and accurate determination of cetylpyridinium and benzethonium chlorides, either as pure samples or in dosage forms, in the concentration range 0.05–2 mg/ml.     

某国家级死因监测点漏报调查及死因监测质量评价

目的 了解某国家级死因监测点居民死亡漏报情况,评价死因监测信息系统报告的完整性和准确性。 方法 某国家级死因监测点居民死亡信息来源于泸县3个抽样点。采用随机整群抽样的方法,在泸县抽取3个镇(抽样点)共42个村/社,分别从派出所、社事办、妇幼、村(居委会)等渠道收集抽样点2018—2020年全部人口死亡信息,与“人口死因监测信息管理系统”死亡报告数据进行比较,计算漏报率。对“人口死因监测信息管理系统”中抽样点居民死亡报告卡进行审核,评估死因诊断的可靠性和编码质量。 结果 泸县人群总死亡漏报率为9.38%;2018—2020年,漏报率逐渐下降,分别为18.31%、7.53%、2.16%,年度变化百分比为-11.9%,变化趋势差异有统计学意义(t=-5.175,P＜0.001),抽样点死因诊断可靠性和准确性较高,可靠诊断单位占比81.81%,可靠诊断依据占比75.67%,根本死因编码错误率为0.21%。 结论 泸县死因监测数据质量较好,但仍需进一步降低漏报率,提高死因监测数据的完整性和诊断的可靠性。     

定量脑电图在新生儿脑功能研究中的应用

在对脑功能的研究中原始常规脑电图结果的解读专业性强,易受个人主观因素的影响,在临床和科研应用中具有一定的局限性。定量脑电图(qEEG)的出现对脑功能的研究有了质的飞跃,它是原始脑电图的延伸,除了具有客观、及时、无创和可动态随访等优点,更大优势是能用定量的方法反映脑能量大小和脑功能状态,可作为临床脑功能、脑损伤研究的重要方法。近年来,有很多学者用定量脑电图技术研究脑疾病,并取得了一定的进展,该文对这种技术在新生儿脑功能研究的进展进行综述。     

2016—2020年甘肃省食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学调查报告质量评价

目的:评价甘肃省食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学调查报告质量,发现基层流行病学调查过程中存在的问题并提出指导意见。方法:收集2016—2020年甘肃省食源性疾病暴发事件监测系统中,发病人数≥10例的食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学调查报告,按照相应标准对流行病学调查报告中各项指标进行评价。结果:共收集68起食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学调查报告。报告普遍存在条理性差、层次混乱不清,虽然书写了相应的指标但内容过于简单且不够规范的问题;报告还存在描述性流行病学调查不够全面、深入,分析流行病学欠缺,食品卫生学调查不充分等问题;仅有50.00%(34/68)的调查查明了致病因子和污染食物,39.71%(27/68)的调查查明了污染原因,14.71%(10/68)的调查找出了完整证据链。结论:甘肃省基层工作人员食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学调查不够深入、细致,病因调查和推断较少,几乎未开展分析流行病学调查,调查报告得出的结论依据不够充分;流行病学调查和调查报告书写质量均需要加强和提高;相关部门应基层流行病学调查队伍建设,对技术人员进行中长期的理论与实践相结合的培训。     

癫痫患者匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表评分 与多导睡眠监测参数、脑功能状态指标相关性分析

摘 要：目的：评价甘肃省食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学调查报告质量,发现基层流行病学调查过程中存在的问题并提 出指导意见。方法：收集2016—2020年甘肃省食源性疾病暴发事件监测系统中,发病人数≥10例的食源性疾病暴发事件的 流行病学调查报告,按照相应标准对流行病学调查报告中各项指标进行评价。结果：共收集 68起食源性疾病暴发事件的流 行病学调查报告。报告普遍存在条理性差、层次混乱不清,虽然书写了相应的指标但内容过于简单且不够规范的问题;报告 还存在描述性流行病学调查不够全面、深入,分析流行病学欠缺,食品卫生学调查不充分等问题;仅有50.00% （34/68） 的 调查查明了致病因子和污染食物,39.71% （27/68） 的调查查明了污染原因,14.71% （10/68） 的调查找出了完整证据链。结 论：甘肃省基层工作人员食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学调查不够深入、细致,病因调查和推断较少,几乎未开展分析流行病 学调查,调查报告得出的结论依据不够充分;流行病学调查和调查报告书写质量均需要加强和提高;相关部门应基层流行病 学调查队伍建设,对技术人员进行中长期的理论与实践相结合的培训。     

Combination of Quantitative Computed Tomography and Blood Biochemistry for Evaluating the Relationship Between Nutrition and Bone Mineral Density in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

PurposeTo investigate the effect of nutritional factors on bone mineral density (BMD) using quantitative computed tomography combined with blood biochemistry in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).MethodsSixty patients on MHD were divided into osteopenia (n = 20) and nonosteopenia (n = 40) groups. BMD, fat, and muscle mass were measured by quantitative computed tomography. The calcification of coronary artery and hilar lymph node and computed tomography attenuation values of the liver and spleen were also analyzed. Differences between the two groups were compared, and the risk factors for osteopenia were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.ResultsPatients in the osteopenia group had lower albumin levels than those in the nonosteopenia group (37.84 ± 3.00 vs 42.03 ± 4.05 g/L; P < .001). Logistic regression showed that patients with lower albumin levels had a higher risk of osteopenia (odds ratio, 1.462; 95% confidence interval, 1.313–1.801; P = .003). BMD was negatively correlated with fat mass (r = ?0.365, P = .004) and positively correlated with the ratio of muscle mass to fat mass (r = 0.431, P = .001). There was no significant difference in the rate of calcification of coronary artery or hilar lymph nodes between the two groups. Computed tomography values of the liver and spleen were positively correlated with the duration of dialysis (r = 0.55, P = .001; r = 0.42, P < .001, respectively).ConclusionLow albumin levels are associated with an increased risk of osteopenia in patients on MHD. Abdominal fat is a risk factor for reduction in BMD in MHD patients, and the ratio of abdominal muscle mass to fat mass is a protective factor for BMD.