强脉冲光联合睑板腺按摩治疗睑板腺功能障碍的短期疗效

目的：评估强脉冲光（IPL）联合睑板腺按摩（MGX）（IPL/MGX）治疗睑板腺功能障碍（MGD）的短期 疗效。方法：前瞻性临床研究。选择2016年11月至2017年12月于汉口爱尔眼科医院门诊连续就诊 的MGD患者55例,最终完成随访的有48例（96眼）,双眼均行IPL/MGX治疗,每3周治疗1次,共3次。 在治疗前、治疗结束后1周进行眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷调查、泪膜破裂时间、角膜染色、睑板腺 功能及成像、结膜眼红评分、共聚焦显微镜下睑板腺及蠕形螨检查等。使用配对t检验、Wilcoxon 秩和检验及Spearman秩相关分析对数据进行处理。结果：IPL/MGX治疗结束后1周与治疗前比较, OSDI评分降低（t=2.300,P=0.024）,睑板腺分泌能力与睑酯质量均得到改善（Z=-3.617,P<0.001;t= 2.472,P=0.017）,角膜染色评分、球结膜眼红评分降低（Z=-2.757,P=0.006;t=2.040,P=0.044）,睑 板腺腺周炎症细胞密度下降（t=4.765,P<0.001）,睫毛根部蠕形螨总数减少（t=2.121,P=0.037）。睑 板腺萎缩面积<50%的MGD患者,治疗后症状评分、眼表炎症状态及睑板腺功能显著改善,睑板腺 萎缩面积≥70%的MGD患者,治疗前后各项指标均未见明显改善。结论：IPL/MGX可明显改善睑板 腺萎缩程度尚轻的MGD患者主观症状及睑板腺功能,减轻患者眼表炎症,减少眼蠕形螨数量,降低 眼表损害。     

综合疗法治疗糖尿病周围神经病变探析

[目的]观察益气活血通络中药外洗治疗糖尿病周围神经病变的疗效。[方法]符合诊断标准的糖尿病周围神经病变48例,在控制血糖等基础治疗上加用中药外洗,按照尼莫地平法进行疗效评价,对比治疗前后症状积分。[结果]显效14例(29.17%),有效29例(60.42%),无效5例(10.42%),总有效率89.58%。[结论]益气活血通络之方外洗治疗糖尿病周围神经病变有较好的临床疗效。     

加温涡流式冲洗结合VSD在慢性伤口中的应用研究

目的 研究加温涡流式冲洗结合VSD在慢性伤口中的应用价值.方法 将30例慢性创面患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各15例.实验组伤口清创后接受加温涡流式冲洗和VSD,对照组常规处理.比较两组伤口清洁时间、愈合率、疗效、换药次数、住院天数及治疗费用.结果 观察组伤口清洁时间、愈合率和疗效、换药次数、住院天数及治疗费用明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 加温涡流式冲洗结合VSD治疗慢性创面的疗效明显优于常规治疗.     

In-vitro tomography and non-destructive imaging at depth of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms

Tomographic imaging techniques offer new prospects for a better understanding of the quality, performance and release mechanisms of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms. It is only over the last fifteen years that tomography has been applied for the in-vitro characterisation of dosage forms. This review aims to introduce the concept of tomography in a pharmaceutical context, and describes the current state-of-the-art of the four most promising techniques: X-ray computed microtomography, magnetic resonance imaging, terahertz imaging and optical coherence tomography. The basic working principles of the techniques are introduced and the current pharmaceutical applications of the technologies are discussed, together with a comparison of their specific strengths and weaknesses. Possible future developments in these fields are also discussed.     

Germanium Nanoparticles Prepared by Laser Ablation in Low Pressure Helium and Nitrogen Atmosphere for Biophotonic Applications

Due to particular physico-chemical characteristics and prominent optical properties, nanostructured germanium (Ge) appears as a promising material for biomedical applications, but its use in biological systems has been limited so far due to the difficulty of preparation of Ge nanostructures in a pure, uncontaminated state. Here, we explored the fabrication of Ge nanoparticles (NPs) using methods of pulsed laser ablation in ambient gas (He or He-N₂ mixtures) maintained at low residual pressures (1–5 Torr). We show that the ablated material can be deposited on a substrate (silicon wafer in our case) to form a nanostructured thin film, which can then be ground in ethanol by ultrasound to form a stable suspension of Ge NPs. It was found that these formed NPs have a wide size dispersion, with sizes between a few nm and hundreds of nm, while a subsequent centrifugation step renders possible the selection of one or another NP size fraction. Structural characterization of NPs showed that they are composed of aggregations of Ge crystals, covered by an oxide shell. Solutions of the prepared NPs exhibited largely dominating photoluminescence (PL) around 450 nm, attributed to defects in the germanium oxide shell, while a separated fraction of relatively small (5–10 nm) NPs exhibited a red-shifted PL band around 725 nm under 633 nm excitation, which could be attributed to quantum confinement effects. It was also found that the formed NPs exhibit high absorption in the visible and near-IR spectral ranges and can be strongly heated under photoexcitation in the region of relative tissue transparency, which opens access to phototherapy functionality. Combining imaging and therapy functionalities in the biological transparency window, laser-synthesized Ge NPs present a novel promising object for cancer theranostics.     

基础治疗加洗必灵洗剂熏洗治疗血栓性外痔的临床研究

目的:观察基础治疗加洗必灵洗剂熏洗治疗血栓性外痔的疗效.方法:200例血栓性外痔患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各100例.治疗组采用洗必灵熏洗加地奥司明口服治疗;对照组采用PP粉坐浴加地奥司明口服治疗,2组均以10天为1个疗程观察疗效.结果:治疗组愈显率为92%,对照组愈显率为78%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01...     

针刺配合中药熏蒸治疗膝骨关节炎疗效分析

目的观察针刺配合中药熏蒸治疗膝骨关节炎的疗效。方法将150例膝骨关节炎患者按照随机数字表随机分为A组(针刺组)、B组(中药熏蒸组)和C组(针刺+熏蒸组),每组50例,共治疗8星期。选择症状分级量表和视觉模拟评分法(VAS)作为观察指标。结果 3组患者痊愈率和愈显率比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),C组总体疗效优于A组和B组(P0.01)。3组患者第4星期、第8星期时VAS评分均明显低于治疗前(P0.001);A组前4星期疼痛改善率低于后4星期(P0.05),B组和C组则无统计学差异(P0.05);治疗4星期和8星期的镇痛效果作组间比较,C组均优于A组和B组(P0.01,P0.001;P0.05,P0.01),A组和B组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论中药熏蒸治疗膝骨关节炎疗效肯定,针刺结合中药熏蒸疗效更好,能够快速缓解疼痛,改善症状。     

慢性硬膜下血肿的微创治疗

目的：为减少慢性硬膜下血肿术后并发症，减轻患者经济负担．方法：对21例慢性硬膜下血肿行锥颅冲洗术．术中迅速置管，缓慢引流陈旧性血液，并用生理盐水冲洗至消亮．术后充分引流，早期复查头颅CT，配合高压氧治疗．结果：21例均痊愈出院，术后随访无1例复发．结论：此法不仅简便易行，经济有效，而且能有效防止钻孔引流术后并发症的发生．     

医生与护理人员手卫生依从率对比分析

目的了解医生与护理人员手卫生执行现况,以便进一步针对性地加强医务人员手卫生管理。方法采用单盲调查方法,对全院临床科室的手卫生执行情况进行现场观察,收集数据进行统计分析。结果全院临床科室手卫生依从率为69.28%(309/446),其中ICU手卫生依从率最高(87.93%),内科手卫生依从率最低(63.03%),不同科室比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。护理人员手卫生依从率高于医生(74.47%vs39.39%),差异具有统计学意义(P0.001);不同指征手卫生中依从率最低的是接触患者前(43.04%),医生在接触患者后、接触患者周围环境后手卫生依从率低于护理人员,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论医生手卫生依从率低于护理人员,不同手卫生指征中接触患者前手卫生依从率最低,应重点强化医生和护理人员接触患者前手卫生意识,有针对性的进行培训,减少医院感染的发生。