分化型甲状腺癌术后颈淋巴结持续或复发治疗进展

颈淋巴结复发是分化型甲状腺癌复发中最主要的一部分,其治疗的主要方案为再手术治疗。近年来一些如主动监测、射频消融、放射性碘治疗等代替手术治疗的方案逐渐被提出。部分治疗手段的效果及并发症仍有争议,再手术仍是首选的治疗方式,再术后的放射性碘治疗可能不会改善病人的预后,射频消融应仅限应用于不适合再次手术治疗的病人。     

超声引导下多点注射抗生素治疗射频消融术后子宫感染

目的 观察超声引导下多点注射抗生素治疗射频消融术后子宫感染的疗效。方法 回顾性分析5例子宫肌瘤射频消融术后并发子宫感染并经超声引导下多点注射抗生素治疗患者,观察其疗效。结果 5例均顺利完成超声引导下多点注射抗生素,未出现相关并发症。5例中,3例治愈;1例好转,经静脉滴注抗生素1周后治愈;1例首次治疗无效,经再次治疗后治愈。治疗后7天,子宫体积显著小于治疗前（t=4.939,P<0.05）。结论 超声引导下多点注射抗生素治疗射频消融术后子宫感染安全、有效。     

经皮射频毁损治疗原发性肝癌

目的 评价射频毁损（RFA）治疗原发性肝癌（HCC）的近期疗效、安全性及并发症。方法 采用RF－2000型射频治疗仪,在B超引导下经皮治疗78例HCC患者。结果 78例患者（肝功能Child分级：A级58例,B级14例,C级6例）的110个肿块（平均直经6.1cm,1.9-13.7cm）共进行了105次治疗,平均治疗1．3次和6．3个点,平均随访9．2个月（1－16个月）。患者术后肝功能轻度损害,2周左右恢复正常。最常见的不良反应为低热。6例（7．7％）出现并发症,未发生与RFA治疗直接相关的死亡。43例（55．1％）复发,平均发生在治疗后6．1个月。多因素相关分析显示,原位复发与肿块直径呈显著正相关（P＝0．0001）。无原位复发者其治疗点数与肿块直径存在线性关系（r=0.77216,P=0.0001),回归方程式为y=-1.794 1.733x。结论 RFA是一种治疗HCC安全有效的非手术方法。     

慢径路消融改良房室结术中出现的交界性心律之特征

目的：分析房室结慢径路消融术中出现的一过性交界性心律（ＪＲ）的特征。方法：２１例（男６例,女１５例）进行房室结改良术的房室结折返性心动过速患者,术中详细记录释放射频的次数、能量、持续时间、以及出现一过性交界性心律的时间、频率及数目,比较释放射频有效时／无效时出现的一过性交界性心律之特征有无显著性差异。结果：共进行１０６次射频电流释放,其中２１次有效（Ａ组）,８５次无效（Ｂ组）。Ａ组有１９次出现ＪＲ     

射频消融治疗阵发性室上性心动过速262例分析

经导管射频消融治疗阵发性室上性心动过速（ＰＳＶＴ）２６２例,探讨ＲＦＣＡ治疗ＰＳＶＴ的安全性及疗效。方法：房室结双径路改良采用下位法;左侧旁道采用冠状窦电极粗标,大头电极在心室国标。右侧旁道采用左前斜４５度。大头电极在心房侧三尖瓣环处细标;房扑时标测心房激动顺序,用隐匿必拖法确定折返环部位,在心房内行线性消融方法治疗。结果：２６２例中慢－快型房室结折生心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）７８例。,房室折返性心动     

CT引导经皮肺穿刺锚状电极高温射频消融治疗肺部肿瘤105例

目的 观察ＣＴ引导经皮肺穿刺高温射频消融治疗１０５例肺部恶性肿瘤的近期效果。方法 ＣＴ引导经皮肺穿刺,可扩展锚状电极配合ＲＦ－２０００仪高温射频消融治疗原发性肺癌８１例,肺部转移瘤２４例,共计２４２个肿瘤,每个肿瘤治疗３～８次,持续时间３～３３７ｍｉｎ。结果 完全缓解（ＣＲ）率１１．１％,部分缓解（ＰＲ）率７１．１％,轻微疗效（ＭＲ）率１３．２％,无改变（ＮＣ）率４．５％,其中ＣＲ＋ＰＲ率为８２．     

Comparison of the effects of dilevalol and propranolol on systemic and regional haemodynamics in healthy volunteers at rest and during exercise

The effects of single oral doses of dilevalol 400 mg and propranolol 80 mg on systemic and regional haemodynamics at rest and after sub-maximal exercise, were compared, in a placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind, crossover study in 6 healthy male volunteers.At rest, as compared to placebo, neither dilevalol nor propranolol significantly affected arterial pressure and heart rate but, whereas propranolol decreased cardiac output (–27% at 2 h) and tended to increase total peripheral resistance, dilevalol tended to increase cardiac output and decreased total peripheral resistance (–7% at 2 h). Neither dilevalol nor propranolol affected brachial artery diameter. Propranolol tended to decrease brachial artery flow (–20% at 2 h) and to increase brachial vascular resistance (+25% at 2 h), but dilevalol did not and the brachial irrigation ratios did not change. Neither of the drugs affected carotid haemodynamics or plasma atrial natriuretic factor. Both drugs tended to decrease plasma renin activity, and dilevalol (+82% at 2 h) increased norepinephrine more than propranolol (+19% at 2 h).After exercise, dilevalol and propranolol produced similar falls in the induced increases in arterial pressure, heart rate and cardiac output, and had the same effects on regional haemodynamics, plasma renin activity and atrial natriuretic factor. Finally, dilevalol greatly increased plasma norepinephrine.We conclude that the ₂-adrenoceptor agonist activity of dilevalol was clearly expressed at rest, thus inducing vasodilation and counteracting the -adrenoceptor blockade-induced negative chronotropic and inotropic effects. However, during sub-maximal exercise, only the -adrenoceptor antagonist activity of dilevalol was apparent.     

心肌梗死患者左室舒张功能评价方法的研究

探讨心肌梗死（ＭＩ）患者左室舒张功能的评价方法及临床应用。方法：采用脉冲多普勒超声心动 图技术检测５０例正常人和５０例ＭＩ患者的左房收缩时间间期（ＬＡＳＴＩ）。包括左房射血前期（ＡＰＥＰ）、校正心房射血 前期（ＡＰＥＰＣ）和左房射血期（ＡＥＴ）;肺静脉Ｓ峰、Ｄ峰、Ａ峰;二尖瓣血流Ｅ峰、Ａ峰及Ｅ／Ａ比值。ＭＩ组给予抗舒张 障碍治疗３周后再测量各项指标。结果：ＭＩ组的ＡＰＥＰ、ＡＰＥＰＣ缩短,ＡＥＴ延长;肺静脉Ｓ峰、Ａ峰增大,Ｄ峰减小; 二尖瓣Ｅ峰减小,Ａ峰增大（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＭＩ组治疗３周后各项指标明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：综合多指标分析能 提高左室舒张功能评价的准确性。     

单导管射频消融治疗频发房颤的预激综合征

采用单导管射频消融法治疗１２ 例预激综合征（ Ｗ Ｐ Ｗ） 。１２ 例中８ 例有反复快速性房颤史,３ 例须用同步直流电复律,１ 例伴有晕厥。旁路分别为左侧８ 条,右后间隔２ 条,右后侧及右前间隔各１ 条,右侧者有１ 例并存１ 条左侧隐匿旁路。全部旁路一次消融成功。术中未诱发房颤。随访５ ～１７ 月未见复发。     

Cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of high-energy pulsed ultrasound (HEPUS) on human squamous cell carcinoma cells as compared to connective tissue fibroblasts

The cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of high-energy pulsed ultrasound (HEPUS) on human squamous cell carcinoma cells cloned from the hypopharynx (FaDu) and benign connective tissue cells (fibroblasts) were investigated in vitro. Sonication was carried out using an experimental piezoelectric, self-focusing burst-signal transducer. To increase the induction of cavitation, the transducer used was specifically designed to produce multiple oscillations with a high negative pressure amplitude. In both cell lines tested, the application of 100, 800 and 2000 pulses resulted in a high reduction of vital cells. After 2000 pulses, 4.0 ± 1.1% of the fibroblasts but only 2.0 ± 0.4% of the FaDu cells survived HEPUS exposure. A postexposure inhibiting effect of HEPUS for 10 days on the proliferation of surviving cells was noted for the FaDu cells exposed to 2000 pulses, but not as much for the fibroblasts. These findings support the hypothesis that human squamous cell carcinoma cells of the hypopharynx might be more sensitive to HEPUS than fibroblasts and that total tumor cell ablation might be possible in vitro given a sufficient number of HEPUS pulses. Received: 18 November 1997 / Accepted: 21 April 1998