心理暗示治疗对慢性牙周炎患者负性情绪及疼痛的效果分析

目的:探析在慢牙周炎患者中选取心理暗示治疗对疼痛和负性情绪的临床影响作用。方法:项目资料为2017年11月~2018年11月期间收治的66例慢性牙周炎患者,参考随机法实施研究。参照组(n=33)行常规超声洁治处理,实验组(n=33)行心理暗示治疗,观察两组治疗情况。结果:参照组慢性牙周炎患者疼痛评分、SAS评分、SDS评分与实验组数值比对,P<0.05,表明数据指标之间的统计学意义。结论:使用心理暗示治疗在慢性牙周炎患者中可显著缓解不良情绪,降低疼痛程度,提升治疗效果。     

Psychological status in female carriers of premutation FMR1 allele showing a complex relationship with the size of CGG expansion

We utilized a sample of 299 adult females aged between 19 and 86 years, carrying fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) alleles with small CCG expansions ranging from 50 to 141 repeats to analyse the relationships between psychological symptoms as assessed by the Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised (SCL‐90‐R) and the size of the CGG repeat in the FMR1 gene. There were highly significant (negative) correlations between the size of the CGG repeat and a great majority of SCL‐90‐R subscale scores and all the global indices, suggesting that carriers of premutations in the mid‐size CGG repeat range may be at greatest risk for the development of psychiatric disorder.     

Psychological wellbeing and biochemical modulation in response to weight loss in obese type 2 diabetes patients

Background

Obesity in type 2 diabetes patients is a serious health issue by itself; it is also associated with other health problems including psychiatric illnesses. The psychological effects of dieting and weight loss have been a matter of controversy in the field of obesity management.

Objective

The aim of this study was to compare the impact of weight loss because of aerobic exercise training and dietary measures on psychological wellbeing and biochemical modulation in obese type 2 diabetes patients.

Material and methods

One hundred obese type 2 diabetes patients of both sexes participated in this study, and were included into two equal groups. The first group (A) received aerobic exercise training, three sessions per week for three months combined with dietary measures. The second group (B) received no training intervention for three months.

Results

There was a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI), leptin, total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglycerides(TG), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance- index (HOMA-IR) , beck depression inventory (BDI ) & profile of mood states(POMS) and increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) & Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES) of group (A) after treatments, but the changes of group (B) were not significant. Moreover, there were significant differences between mean levels of the investigated parameters of group (B) and group (A) at the end of the study.

Conclusion

Physical training and dietary measures can be used as methods of choice for psychological wellbeing and biochemical modulation in obese type 2 diabetes patients.     

父母控制对青少年抑郁的直接和间接效应

目的:探讨父母控制的不同形式(行为控制、心理控制)与青少年抑郁的联系,并检验青少年基本心理需要满足在其中的中介作用。方法:采用父母控制问卷、基本心理需要满足量表以及儿童抑郁调查表(中文版)对703名青少年进行测查。结果:1行为控制对抑郁具有显著的负向预测作用,心理控制对抑郁具有显著的正向预测作用;2行为控制通过促进基本心理需要满足进而减少青少年抑郁,心理控制通过阻碍基本心理需要满足进而增加青少年抑郁。结论:父母控制的不同形式对青少年抑郁具有不同的影响,基本心理需要满足在二者之间起中介作用。     

Body weight status misperception and its association with weight control behaviours,depressive mood and psychological distress in nulliparous normal-weight young women

Background: Understanding body weight status dissatisfaction may be important for understanding weight control behaviours and mental health.

Aims: To investigate the relationships between body weight status misperceptions in nulliparous normal-weight young women and weight control-related behaviours and mental health.

Subjects and methods: Body weight perceptions, weight control methods, depressive mood and psychological distress were measured in 717 nulliparous normal-weight women, aged 18–40 years, who participated in the 2007–2009 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES-IV).

Results: Among 717 participants, 24 subjects (4.1?±?1.0%) misperceived themselves to be underweight and 295 subjects (39.2?±?2.2%) misperceived themselves to be overweight. Those with overweight misperceptions were more likely to fail to maintain their targeted body weights, despite weight control efforts (p?p?Conclusions: Body weight status misperception may be important for understanding weight control-related behaviours and psychiatric illness among nulliparous normal-weight young women.     

Children With Chronic Physical Disorders: Maternal Reports of Their Psychological Adjustment

Advances in biomedical science have resulted in dramatic improvementsin the medical care of chronically ill and handicapped children.Past measurement problems have resulted in a lack of clarityregarding the psychological adjustment of these children. Themothers of 270 chronically ill and handicapped children wereadministered the Child Behavior Checklist in an attempt to identifypatterns of behavioral functioning across six pediatric chronicdisorders: juvenile diabetes, spina bifida, hemophilia, chronicobesity, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, and cerebral palsy.In general, it was found that children in all chronic disordergroups were perceived by their mothers as evidencing on theaverage more behavioral and social competence problems thanexpected based on norms for children in general. However, theirbehavioral and social adjustment was reported as better thanthat of a normative sample of children referred to mental healthclinics. There were essentially no differences between childrenwith different chronic disorders in terms of behavior problemsand social competence. The results were taken to support theview that these children were as a group at risk for adjustmentproblems. They were also discussed in terms of the noncategorialapproach, which suggests that similar psychosocial challengesare faced across pediatric chronic physical disorders.     

Women's empowerment and child nutritional status in South Asia: a synthesis of the literature

Women's disempowerment is hypothesised to contribute to high rates of undernutrition among South Asian children. However, evidence for this relationship has not been systematically reviewed. This review of empirical studies aims to: (1) synthesise the evidence linking women's empowerment and child nutritional status in South Asia and (2) suggest directions for future research. We systematically searched Global Health, Embase (classic and Ovid), MEDLINE, Campbell Collaboration, Popline, Eldis, Web of Science, EconLit and Scopus. We generated 1661 studies for abstract and title screening. We full‐text screened 44 of these, plus 10 additional studies the authors were aware of. Only 12 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. We included English materials published between 1990 and 2012 that examined the relationship(s) of at least one women's empowerment domain and nutritional status among South Asian children. Data were extracted and synthesised within three domains of empowerment: control of resources and autonomy, workload and time, and social support. The results showed women's empowerment to be generally associated with child anthropometry, but the findings are mixed. Inter‐study differences in population characteristics, settings or methods/conceptualisations of women's empowerment, and the specific domains studied, likely contributed to these inconsistencies. This review also highlights that different women's empowerment domains may relate differently to child nutritional status. Future research should aim to harmonise definitions of women's empowerment, which key domains it should include, and how it is measured. Rigorous evaluation work is also needed to establish which policies and programmes facilitate women's empowerment and in turn, foster child nutritional well‐being.