非清髓异基因外周造血干细胞移植治疗白血病疗效观察

目的 探讨非清髓性异基因外周血造血干细胞移植(NAPBSCT)治疗年龄较大的白血病患者安全性和疗效.方法 采用NAPBSCT治疗6例45～65 岁白血病患者,其中急性淋巴细胞白血病1例,淋巴瘤细胞白血病2例,急性粒细胞白血病1例,慢性粒白血病2例.以FAC为预处理方案,氟拉达宾(Flud)50mg/d(-6d～-2d)(以造血干细胞输注当日为0d,输注前为"-",输注后为" "),抗淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白(ALG)15mg/(kg·d)(-6～-2d),环磷酰胺(CTX)30mg/(kg·d)(-4～-3d).于 30 d进行第1次供者淋巴细胞输注,每4周1次,共6次.输注的供体淋巴细胞数由5×104 /kg逐渐增加至1.5×108 /kg.结果 1例患者于移植后56天死于急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD),1例患者于移植后81天死于肺部真菌感染,其余4例患者目前均存活,最长的1例已存活达35个月.6例患者在移植早期均形成混合性嵌合体和血液学部分缓解,供体淋巴细胞输注后有3例患者形成供体型完全嵌合体,并达到血液学完全缓解.结论 非清髓性外周血造血干细胞移植治疗年龄较大的白血病患者较为安全且疗效较好.     

Trisomy 18/trisomy 13 mosaicism in an adult with profound mental retardation and multiple malformations

We report on an adult woman with profound mental retardation and multiple anomalies who consists of 3 cell lines: one with trisomy 18, one with trisomy 13, and a normal cell line. Her phenotype includes manifestations of both trisomy syndromes. The origin of these cell lines could have been a doubly aneuploid (48,XX+ 13, + 18) or singly aneuploid (47,XX + 18 or 47,XX, + 13) zygote with subsequent mitotic nondisjunctions, or a normal zygote with multiple mitotic nondisjunctions. There have been four previous reports of mosaicism involving both trisomy D and trisomy E; all died in the first six months of life. Two of these cases had a doubly aneuploid (48,XX, + D + E) cell line. Our patient illustrates the need for study of several tissues in patients with complex aneuploidy syndromes or atypical manifestations of a given syndrome (such as prolonged survival), as well as the need for caution in counseling families about prognosis for survival in autosomal trisomies which usually are lethal.     

门诊无线输液管理系统的应用

门诊无线输液系统,实现了输液患者身份准确识别,药物信息准确提取,患者和药物准确匹配,实时呼叫。确保患者输液安全,改善输液秩序,提高护士工作效率,准确统计护士工作量,方便护士绩效考核,合理分配护士资源,提升门诊输液室整体管理水平。     

进展期结直肠癌动脉灌注新辅助化疗临床疗效观察

目的 探讨术前动脉灌注化疗对进展期结直肠癌的远期临床疗效.方法 选择ⅡB、Ⅲ期的结直肠癌患者128例,随机分为2组:试验组68例行术前动脉灌注化疗,方案为:奥沙利铂(艾恒)130mg/m2、羟基喜树碱20 mg/m2、氟脲苷600 mg/m2,经股动脉插管灌注化疗1、2次,8～14 d后接受手术治疗;对照组60例直接手术治疗.观察动脉灌注化疗不良反应及组织学疗效,比较2组手术切除率、手术并发症、术后病理分期及远期生存率.结果 试验组动脉灌注化疗不良反应主要表现为胃肠道反应和骨髓抑制,均属Ⅰ、Ⅱ度.试验组手术切除率为97.1%(66/68)、根治性切除率为96.9%,分别高于对照组的73.3%(44/60)和79.5%(x2=14.848、8.906,P均＜0.05);试验组组织学有效率达72.7%,病理分期均较术前降低,其中Ⅱ期病例明显较对照组增多(P＜0.05);试验组中位生存期为53.0个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为95.3%、85.9%、44.6%;对照组的中位生存期为42.0个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为92.6%、75.9%、22.0%,试验组生存率高于对照组,但只有5年生存率差异具有统计学意义(x2=6.385,P＜0.05).术后并发症2组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 术前动脉灌注化疗对进展期结直肠癌降低临床分期、提高手术切除率尤其是根治性切除率作用和疗效确切,并能提高患者的远期生存率.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy via arterial infusion on advanced colorectal carcinoma. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight advanced colorectal carcinoma patients in stage Ⅱ B or Ⅲ were randomly divided into 2 groups. Sixty-eight cases received preoperative arterial infusion chemotherapy( the treatment group),and chemotherapy regimen consist of Oxaliplatin(L-OHP) 130 mg/m2, Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) 20 mg/m2 and Dexifluridine (FUDR)600 mg/m2. Femoral arterial infusion chemotherapy administrated 8 ～ 14 days preoperative. Sixty cases received surgery directly(the control group). The adverse reaction and histology effect after arterial infusion chemotherapy were observed, and resection rate,complications,pathology stage,together with long term survival were compared. Results Adverse reaction were mostly grade Ⅰ -Ⅱ gastrointestinal discomfort and bone marrow depression with arterial infusion chemotherapy. Resection rate was 97. 1% (66/68) ,and 64 cases(96. 9%) underwent raclical (R0) resection in the treatment group, which were higher than those in the the control group(73. 3%(44/60) and 79. 5%,respectively) (x2 = 14. 848,8. 906, Ps ＜ 0. 05). Histology effect of the treatment group was 72. 7%, and the pathology stage downstaged compared to preopeartion. Percent of patients in stage Ⅱ in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group( P ＜ 0. 05). The median survival time of test group was 53. 0 months, 1- ,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 95.3%,85.9% and 44.6%, respectively. In the control group, the median survival time was 42.0 months, 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 92.6%, 75.9% and 22.0%,respectively. There was significant difference in 5-year survival rate(x2 = 6. 385, P ＜ 0. 05). No difference in postoperative complications between two groups(P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion The neoadjuvant chemotherapy via arterial infusion is of great significance on downstnging the pathology of advanced colorectal carcinoma, raising the excision rate, especially radical resection, and long term survival rate.     

膀胱内注入不同液量对危重患者腹内压测量的影响

目的探讨不同的膀胱内注入液量对危重患者腹内压(intra-abdominal pressure,IAP)测量值的影响。方法采取前瞻性队列研究,将我院重症监护病房的40例具有腹腔高压危险因素患者,均采取仰卧位,通过连续注入膀胱内不同液量(注入液量25 ml和50 ml),测得各注入液量下的IAP值并进行分析比较。结果 IAP25ml值为8~21(13.95±3.15)mmHg,IAP50ml值为9~21(14.90±3.46)mmHg,差异有统计学意义(P0.0001)。IAP25ml和IAP50ml平均差值为0.95 mmHg[95%可信区间(CI)0.60~1.30,上下限分别是3.1和-1.2 mmHg],IAP50ml与IAP25ml间的Spearman秩相关系数为0.924(95%CI 0.860~0.959,P0.0001)。结论仰卧位时膀胱内注入液量50 ml与25 ml比较,IAP测量值偏高,推荐膀胱内注入液量以不超过25 ml为宜。     

流程再造策略在静脉输液中的应用

流程再造理论源自于企业管理领域,它以顾客需求为出发;目前流程再造理论也被广泛应用于医疗系统。本文对1990年1月至2013年11月中英文数据库收录文献进行相关内容的检索,通过分析流程再造策略在静脉输液流程改造过程中的应用,为我国临床护理管理者及研究者灵活应用流程再造理论提供参考。     

Use of Personal Continuous Glucose Monitoring Device Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Hypoglycemia in a 16-Week Clinical Trial of People With Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion

Aims:Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has the potential to promote diabetes self-management at home with a better glycemic control as outcome. Investigation of the effect of CGM has typically been carried out based on randomized controlled trials with prespecified CGM devices on CGM-naïve participants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on glycemic control in people using their personal CGM before and during the trial.Materials and Methods:Data from the Onset 5 trial of 472 people with type 1 diabetes using either their personal CGM (n = 117) or no CGM (n = 355) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in a 16-week treatment period were extracted. Change from baseline in glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA_1c), number of hypoglycemic episodes, and CGM metrics at the end of treatment were analyzed with analysis of variance repeated-measures models.Results:Use of personal CGM compared with no CGM was associated with a reduction in risk of documented symptomatic hypoglycemia (event rate ratio: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.69-0.97) and asymptomatic hypoglycemia (event rate ratio: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.53-0.97), reduced time spent in hypoglycemia (P = .0070), and less glycemic variability (P = .0043) without a statistically significant increase in HbA_1c (P = .2028).Conclusions:Results indicate that use of personal CGM compared with no CGM in a population of type 1 diabetes is associated with a safer glycemic control without a statistically significantly deteriorated effect on HbA_1c, which adds to the evidence about the real-world use of CGM, where device type is not prespecified, and users are not CGM naïve.     

Outbreak of invasive meningococcal disease caused by a meningococcus serogroup B in a nursery school,Wallonia, Belgium, 2018

Although most invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) cases are sporadic without identified transmission links, outbreaks can occur. We report three cases caused by meningococcus B (MenB) at a Belgian nursery school over 9 months. The first two cases of IMD occurred in spring and summer 2018 in healthy children (aged 3–5 years) attending the same classroom. Chemoprophylaxis was given to close contacts of both cases following regional guidelines. The third case, a healthy child of similar age in the same class as a sibling of one case, developed disease in late 2018. Microbiological analyses revealed MenB with identical finetype clonal complex 269 for Case 1 and 3 (unavailable for Case 2). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed no antibiotic resistance. Following Case 3, after multidisciplinary discussion, chemoprophylaxis and 4CMenB (Bexsero) vaccination were offered to close contacts. In the 12-month follow-up of Case 3, no additional cases were reported by the school. IMD outbreaks are difficult to manage and generate public anxiety, particularly in the case of an ongoing cluster, despite contact tracing and management. This outbreak resulted in the addition of MenB vaccination to close contacts in Wallonian regional guidelines, highlighting the potential need and added value of vaccination in outbreak management.     

类风湿关节炎和强直性脊柱炎的生物治疗与关节腔灌注治疗进展

类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种以滑膜关节炎症和破坏为特征的自身免疫性疾病.随着其发病机制和相关细胞因子研究的深入,对RA治疗的研究主要集中在新型生物制剂的发展上.强直性脊柱炎（AS）是一种慢性炎性疾病,主要侵犯中轴骨骼,以骶髂关节炎为标志,AS的药物治疗一直为风湿病学家所关注.该文就目前新型生物制剂的发展情况与关节腔灌注治疗进展进行综述.