“精准医学”理念下康复治疗人才培养的思考与实践

随着精准医学理念不断深入人心和"健康中国"国家战略的深入实施,患者对医疗水平的要求越来越高,康复医疗已向"精准康复"方向发展。作为人才培养的高等医学教育也必须顺应这种新的医学模式。我国康复治疗人才培养起步较晚,目前仍以"综合"康复治疗师培养为主,这种"庞杂"的康复治疗人才培养模式,与国际上专业分化培养的现状不接轨,导致培养的人才不精不专,甚至无法与国际专业组织及人员进行对话。这就要求我们要逐步改革目前康复治疗专业教育模式,构建与国际接轨、符合精准医学理念的人才培养模式。文章立足于国内康复治疗人才培养现状,从专业设置分化、课程体系和教学内容设立、教学师资队伍建设、教育教学模式和教学手段改革、临床实习带教队伍建设等5个方面,阐述了如何开展分方向培养康复治疗人才,培养符合精准医学理念的、满足国际国内需求的高、精、专高水平合格人才,以迎接精准医学教育时代的到来。     

终末期肾病患者对护理专业性社会支持体验及期望的叙事研究

目的了解终末期肾病患者住院期间对护理人员提供社会支持的体验及需求,为护士实施全面有效的社会支持提供依据。方法采用立意抽样法选取14例终末期肾病住院患者为研究对象,采用半结构式访谈提纲进行深入访谈并按三维度叙事分析法进行转录和分析。结果患者住院期间感受到的护理专业性社会支持主要有:护理帮助支持、情感支持、沟通和信息支持;患者期望获得及时的评价支持,更多的情感支持,针对性、多样化的沟通信息支持。结论护理人员为终末期肾病患者提供专业性社会支持时应关注患者的期望,提升护理服务效能。     

Knowledge of the patient as decision‐making power: staff members' perceptions of interprofessional collaboration in challenging situations in psychiatric inpatient care

Challenging situations in psychiatric inpatient settings call for interprofessional collaboration, but the roles and responsibilities held by members of different professions is unclear. The aim of this study was to describe staff members' perceptions of interprofessional collaboration in the context of challenging situations in psychiatric inpatient care. Prior to the study taking place, ethical approval was granted. Focus group interviews were conducted with 26 physicians, ward managers, psychiatric nurses, and nursing assistants. These interviews were then transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results described participants' perceptions of shared responsibilities, profession‐specific responsibilities and professional approaches. In this, recognising knowledge of the patient as decision‐making power was understood to be a recurring theme. This is a delimited qualitative study that reflects the specific working conditions of the participants at the time the study was conducted. The findings suggest that nursing assistants are the most influential professionals due to their closeness to and first‐hand knowledge of patients. The results also point to the possibility of other professionals gaining influence by getting closer to patients and utilising their professional knowledge, thus contributing to a more person‐centred care.     

Crisis and Disaster Counseling: Lessons Learned From Hurricane Katrina and Other Disasters

This study sought to intergate and evaluate existing enrichment research literature. most of which had never been published. Meta-analysis. the review technique used in the study. is a new method for statistically aggregating and evaluating empirical findings. Eighty-five studies of premarital, marital and family enrichment, representing 3.886 couples or families wen gathered and their results statistically aggregated. Findings from the study are discussed in terms of overall enrichment effectiveness as well as salient program, subject. design and measurement characteristics. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

“I'm from Europe,but I'm Not European”

This article examines the role television (TV) plays in the development of primary school children's European knowledge and identities in England and Bulgaria. It compares the media coverage on Europe and the European Union with pupils' European perceptions and identities. The article reports data from 174 qualitative interviews with children and the content analysis of seven TV programmes. It concludes that TV plays a strong role in collective identities when a topic is salient on the agenda. TV raises awareness and knowledge and sets the direction of understanding. Yet, despite the higher salience of Europe on the Bulgarian media agenda, Bulgarians feel less European than English children. The article provides an explanation to this phenomenon, thus filling an important gap in the literature about the media's role in collective identities formation from an early age. It also adopts an innovative approach in the study of agenda-setting theory by investigating its application among children.     

标准化病人教学视频联合PCMC教学模式在感染科的应用

目的探讨标准化病人教学视频联合问题导向临床医学教学模式(PCMC)在感染科护理教学中的应用。方法于2018年9月—2019年1月将学校2017级42~47六个班级共计60名学生作为研究对象,42~44班为观察组(n=30),45~47班为对照组(n=30)。对照组采用标准化病人教学视频教学,观察组在上述教学模式基础上增加使用PCMC教学模式,比较两组最终考核成绩及教学满意度。结果观察组理论知识考核成绩及专业技能考核成绩均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组教学满意度比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论标准化病人教学视频联合PCMC教学模式可显著提高感染科学生理论知识及专业技能成绩,提升教学满意度。     

Older women’s experiences,identities and coping strategies for dealing with a problem-drinking male family member*

Aims: In this study, we highlight the identities and actions of women with a problem-drinking relative by analysing autobiographies of women born between the 1920s and the 1950s. We ask how women describe their relationship and the problems arising because of a significant other’s drinking and how they cope with these problems. Methods: In the analysis, we pay attention to the power dynamics between family members. We, first, trace what kind of positions or identities the protagonists take in relation to the drinker. Second, we examine what kinds of harms and emotional reactions significant other’s drinking causes. Third, we consider how writers identify or take distance from events described in the autobiographies. Findings: Our analysis reveals four main identities and coping strategies: the positions of victim, helper, boundary setter and fighter. The victim and helper positions often entail women’s weakness and oppressed role, while the positions of boundary setter and fighter express women’s own power and reflexivity in action. Conclusions: Knowledge of the identities and coping strategies is important for understanding the power aspects of a relationship and developing appropriate support for women suffering from family member’s drinking.     

Music therapists’ job satisfaction,collective self-esteem,and burnout

General references show that the type of professional identity known as collective self-esteem could be an important factor in professionals’ job satisfaction and burnout. However, little attention has been paid to identifying the interactions of these three variables in music therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between music therapists’ job satisfaction, collective self-esteem, and burnout. Specifically, this paper emphasizes the role of collective self-esteem as a mediator between music therapists’ job satisfaction and burnout. Ninety professional music therapists in Korea participated in this study. The Korean Music Therapists’ Job Satisfaction Scale, the Collective Self-Esteem Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were used to measure music therapists’ job satisfaction, collective self-esteem, and burnout, respectively.