人文关怀在护生移情能力和专业认同间的中介效应

目的 了解在校本专科护生移情能力、人文关怀能力、专业认同的现状,分析3个变量间的关系,进一步探讨人文关怀对移情能力和专业认同间的中介效应。方法 选用特质移情量表、专业认同量表、人文关怀评价量表对某综合大学本专科护生共计375人进行调查。结果 移情能力各维度得分上情感维度分值最高,而认知维度分值最低;研究对象人文关怀总体得分处于低水平,具有高人文关怀能力的护生仅占3.3%;护生的专业认同程度一般;移情能力、人文关怀能力与专业认同3个变量间呈正相关（r值分别为0.212、0.216、0.472,且均P＜0.01 ）;人文关怀能力在移情能力对专业认同之中起显著部分中介效应,且中介效应占总效应的48.2%。结论 人文关怀能力在护生的移情能力和专业认同能力起到部分中介效应,移情能力可以直接影响专业认同,也可以通过人文关怀能力影响护生专业认同。     

预防艾滋病学校健康教育培训者培训模式探讨

目的：有效地开发各级教育部门行政领导在管理领域发挥其组织开展学校健康教育的能力和作用。方法：对各省、省会市、计划单列市的教育行政部门的领导70人进行培训，培训模式采用专题讲座与在与式教学相结合的形式，共培训4d。结果：培训后学员知识水平显著提高，态度明显转变，这种培训模式深受学员欢迎。学员对培训者的能力，培训内容有效性及教材针对等方面评价较高，结论：该模式培训效果理想，有效性好，可推广应用。     

Moving beyond “the Down Low”: A critical analysis of terminology guiding HIV prevention efforts for African American men who have secretive sex with men

HIV continues to affect African American populations in the United States at disproportionate levels. Recent reports have described potentially high-risk behaviors of African American men who identify as heterosexual but who engage in secretive sex with other men. These men have been referred to as being “on the Down Low,” and this terminology has been used to label subgroups of African American men and explain sexual risks for HIV infection in the African American community. In this paper, we argue that an uncritical use of this terminology for guiding public health and HIV prevention strategies can be problematic and counterproductive because it (a) stigmatizes and exoticizes secretive same-sex sexuality as a unique issue among African American men, and (b) ignores the social conditions under which HIV transmission occurs. We explore some historical roots contributing to current perspectives on African American men's sexuality, describe the use of the term “on the Down Low” and its application to same-sex behavior among African American men, and explain how this term can both clarify and potentially ambiguate efforts to address HIV risk among African American men. Recommendations for research and HIV prevention strategies are also provided.     

社会工作理念方法融入全科医师规范化培训的探讨

全科医学教育是全科医学发展的核心,我国多数医学院校临床医学教育本科阶段并未细分全科医学专业,全科住院医师规范化培训是现阶段全科医学教育的重点之一。全科医学强调“生理-心理-社会”为一体的全人关怀,社会工作作为一门社会科学,其理念方法与全科医学在目标、内容、功能、作用等方面具有趋同性、相似性、互补性和互促性。探讨从教育理念、课程设置、考核标准、管理体系等四个维度将社会工作理念方法融入全科住院医师规范化培训,丰富全科住培内涵建设,有利于帮助全科住培医师提升服务质量和医疗职业道德等水平。     

高等护理专业学生职业态度及相关因素的调查

目的调查高等护理专业学生的职业态度现状,找出相关影响因素。方法采用护士职业态度量表和自设影响因素问卷对青岛大学护理学院307名护生进行调查。结果护生总体职业态度得分中立偏积极,专科护生高于专升本和本科护生,职业态度随年级的升高逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义（F=11．977、10．583,P〈0．01）。多元回归分析显示,职业兴趣、学历、同学态度、就业压力、学校重视程度是影响职业态度的主要因素。结论应加强护生职业态度的教育,培养护生的职业兴趣,满足护生的情感需求。     

临床护理人员高级职称评价标准调查与分析

建立科学、系统、规范的护理人员高级职称评价指标体系,对于调动临床护理人员工作积极性具有重要意义。本文通过选取四省部分医疗机构护理人员开展护理高级职称评价标准问卷调查,从基本情况、护理工作、护理教学、护理科研和社会工作5个维度进行分析研究,提出有关政策建议。     

上海市某区医疗机构医务人员职业信用评价指标体系构建

随着我国市场经济转型,医疗机构医务人员职业信用出现危机。作为管理部门,有必要制定相关评价体系,监管医务人员职业行为,提高医疗机构诚信水平。以上海市某区卫生系统为例,在查阅文献梳理国内外相关理论研究和实践应用、专家咨询的基础上,构建某区医疗机构医务人员职业信用评价指标体系,体系共4个一级指标及15个二级指标,以期为医疗机构日常诚信监管提供参考依据。     

How to become Pediatric Orthopedic surgeon inEurope:a long journey offering a unique career,full of satisfactions

In most European countries,Pediatric Orthopedic (PO) surgeons graduated from an approved Orthopedic and Trauma surgery training program which lasts 5 or 6 years,depending on the country.Upon completion of the Orthopedic and Trauma surgery program,the future PO surgeon must complete an additional subspecialty training (one to two years,depending on the country) in PO surgery.The possibility to become a certified PO surgeon through the specialization in Pediatric Surgery (option Orthopedics) or through a dedicated PO surgery training program only exists in France and in Romania,respectively.Credit as active and fully responsible PO surgeon can only be claimed when the trainee has actively participated in all phases of treatment,from diagnosis to treatment,without forgetting the management of complications and the setting up of an adequate follow-up of children and adolescents with musculoskeletal disorders.