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31.
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Lillian Comas-Diaz 《Clinical psychology》2006,13(3):273-277
This article discusses clinical psychologists' current concerns, challenges, and opportunities in private practice. The future of clinicians in independent practice is presented within two paradigms, namely, psychology as a health profession, and psychology as life enhancement. Finally, the author argues that psychotechnology, corporate clinical psychology, and psychology as life enrichment will evolve within the future of clinical psychological independent practice. 相似文献
34.
A questionnaire survey of career choices was carried out among 112 medical graduates, after one year's internship (group I), during their National Youth Corps programme in Kaduna, Lagos, Cross River and Oyo states of Nigeria, and 365 final-year medical undergraduates (group 2) in the colleges of medicine in the corresponding states. A total of 13% in group I and 40% in group 2 were undecided as regards their first choice. Obstetrics and gynaecology was the most popular first choice in both groups. General practice ranked fifth among group I, but displaced surgery to rank second among group 2. The differences were statistically significant. A total of 41% of group I and 46% of group 2 preferred to work in a teaching hospital, reflecting the high preference for surgical specialties. Twenty-six per cent and 33.7% of respondents in groups 1 and 2 respectively wished to own their own practice or work in the private sector. General practice is a new specialty and its growth is supported by a national postgraduate training programme. A shift towards general practice is seen compared with previous studies of career preference among Nigerian medical graduates and students. This may be due to a changing balance of supply and demand in the medical work-force, or a better assessment of the nation's health problems and manpower needs. 相似文献
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36.
John A. Tomenson Graham A. Matthews 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》2009,82(8):935-949
Purpose The present investigation looks in detail at the causes and types of health incidents reported by 6,300 mainly smallholder
agrochemical users in 24 countries during 2005 and 2006.
Methods The investigation is based on a questionnaire survey of knowledge, attitude and practice that concentrated on the sequence
of events from purchasing the pesticide to disposal. Information was also collected about health problems experienced while
using agrochemicals. The survey targeted mainly smallholder knapsack spray operators who were expected to be at a highest
risk of exposure.
Results In the 12 months prior to interview, 1.2% of users reported an agrochemical-related incident that required hospital treatment,
5.8% reported an incident requiring at least trained medical treatment but not hospitalisation and 19.8% reported only a minor
sign or symptom. Users who had experienced an incident involving agricultural equipment were 3.38 (95% CI 2.29–4.99) times
more likely to experience an agrochemical-related health incident, but confident users who felt that their use of personal
protective equipment while spraying was best practice were 0.60 (95% CI 0.44–0.84) times less likely to experience such an
incident. Over 80% of product-related incidents were caused by insecticides and the incidence rate per spraying time for incidents
linked to insecticides was significantly higher than that for fungicides or herbicides. Headache/dizziness and nausea/vomiting,
often smell related, were the most common symptoms reported by users who listed agrochemical products that had caused them
health problems (52 and 38% of product mentions, respectively).
Conclusions In most countries, the incidence of serious health effects was low; however, there was a high incidence of minor signs and
symptoms in a few countries, especially in Africa. A disproportionate number of incidents occurred during insecticide use
relative to the time that they were sprayed. Failure to exercise caution as indicated by whether users had incidents involving
agricultural equipment or livestock, and lack of confidence in their practices were the most important predictors of agrochemical-related
incidents. 相似文献
37.
周新国 《南通大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2003,19(3):24-28
张謇的教育思想十分丰富 ,并且具有鲜明的时代特点。他在江苏南通的教育实践成就卓著 ,极富特色。他较早地提出了教育为地方经济社会发展服务的思想 ,创造了“以实业辅助教育 ,以教育促进实业”的成功模式 ,反映了教育从边缘走向经济中心这一历史发展的趋势。张謇的教育思想与实践在近代中国教育史上有重要地位 相似文献
38.
Major progress in clinical pain assessment and management has been achieved in the last decade. More effective analgesic drugs and improved techniques for pain management have been introduced. However, medical reports published during the last few years on postoperative pain management (POPM) indicate that moderate or even severe pain is still rather commonly experienced by surgical patients in the early postoperative period and that worst-pain-episodes may occur even in the late postoperative phase. Insufficient relief of postoperative pain seems a more common problem on surgical wards than on a postanaesthesia care unit (PACU). The aims of POPM are to inhibit autonomic trauma-induced nociceptive impulses that may result in functional disturbances of vital organs and thereby affect the incidence of potentially severe complications influencing clinical outcome. Considering that recent studies continue to show sub-optimal pain management despite the availability of effective drugs and analgesic techniques it must be considered essential to identify possible barriers to effective pain management in clinical practice so that necessary improvements in POPM routines can be carried out. 相似文献
39.
40.
Fiona C.L. Bull Ph.D. M.Sc. Elise C.C. Schipper M.A. Konrad Jamrozik M.B.B.S. D.Phil. FAFPHM Brian A. Blanksby Ph.D. M.Sc. Dip.Ed. 《Preventive medicine》1997,26(6):866-873
Background.Physical inactivity is recognized as an important public health issue. Yet little is known about doctors' knowledge, attitude, skills, and resources specifically relating to the promotion of physical activity. Our survey assessed the current practice, perceived desirable practice, confidence, and barriers related to the promotion of physical activity in family practice.Methods.A questionnaire was developed and distributed to all 1,228 family practitioners in Perth, Western Australia.Results.We received a 71% response (n= 789). Family practitioners are most likely to recommend walking to sedentary adults to improve fitness and they are aware of the major barriers to patients participating in physical activity. Doctors are less confident at providing specific advice on exercise and may require further skills, knowledge, and experience. Although they promote exercise to patients through verbal advice in the consultation, few use written materials or referral systems.Conclusions.There are significant differences between self-reports of current practice and perceived desirable practice in the promotion of physical activity by doctors. Future strategies need to address the self-efficacy of family physicians and involve resources of proven effectiveness. The potential of referral systems for supporting efforts to increase physical activity by Australians should be explored. 相似文献