VEGF与非小细胞肺癌预后的相关性研究

目的：探讨非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的表达与其预后的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学技术（SP法）对1130例手术标本检测VEGF的表达状态。结果：1130例NSCLC石蜡标本中，VEGF阳性率为64％，不同p-TNM分期、淋巴结转移的NSCLC组织中，VEGF表达与NSCLC组织学类型和分化程度、p-TNM分期、淋巴结转移无明显相关性。多因素COX回归显示：VEGF是NSCLC患者预后的独立预测因子。VEGF阳性患者手术后死亡的相对危险度是VEGF阴性患者的2．10倍（似然比检验，P〈0．05）。结论：VEGF表达状态是NSCLC患者预后的独立预测因子，VEGF阳性表达的肺癌患者预后不良。     

直立性T波改变与血管迷走性晕厥的相关研究

目的探讨无晕厥病史患者出现的直立性T波改变的发生机理及其与血管迷走性晕厥的相关性;方法利用活动平板运动试验初筛出直立性T波改变预检患者,经基础倾斜试验进一步确证,再行硝酸甘油倾斜试验。第2天,阳性患者经随机分组,双盲对照服用安慰剂(=22)或30mg普荼各尔(=21)60min后重复基础倾斜试验、硝酸甘油倾斜试验。结果100例直立性T波改变患者在基础倾斜试验中无1例阳性反应,在随后的NTTT中有43例出现阳性结果。第2天,安慰剂组直立性T波改变及NTTT阳性有比率明显高于普荼各尔组(依次为86.4%∶23.8%,P<0.01,72.7%∶28.6%,P<0.01)。结论直立性T波改变是人体由卧位到立位引起神经-体液变化所致的心室肌复极异常,它是血管迷走性晕厥形成过程中某一阶段出现的一种伴随现象,与血管迷走性晕厥有一定的相关性,心得安等β-受体阻滞剂作为首选药物来治疗直立性T波改变和伴随有直立性T波改变的血管迷走性晕厥患者,收到肯定的临床疗效。     

Cells in monkey STS responsive to articulated body motions and consequent static posture: a case of implied motion?

We show that populations of visually responsive cells in the anterior part of the superior temporal sulcus (STSa) of the macaque monkey code for the sight of both specific articulated body actions and the consequent articulated static body postures. We define articulated actions as actions where one body part (e.g. a limb or head) moves with respect to the remainder of the body which remains static; conversely non-articulated actions are actions where the equivalent body parts do not move with respect to each other but move as one. Similarly, articulated static body postures contain a torsion or rotation between parts, while non-articulated postures do not. Cells were tested with the sight of articulated and non-articulated actions followed by the resultant articulated or non-articulated static body postures. In addition, the static body postures that formed the start and end of the actions were tested in isolation. The cells studied did not respond to the sight of non-articulated static posture, which formed the starting-point of the action, but responded vigorously to the articulated static posture that formed the end-point of the action. Other static postures resembling the articulated end-point posture, but which were in a more relaxed muscular state (i.e. non-articulated), did not evoke responses. The cells did not respond to body actions that were less often associated with the effective static articulated postures. Our results suggest that the cells' responses were related to the implied action rather than the static posture per se. We propose that the neural representations in STSa for actual biological motion may also extend to biological motion implied from static postures. These representations could play a role in producing the activity in the medial temporal/medial superior temporal (V5(MT)/MST) areas reported in fMRI studies when subjects view still photographs of people in action.     

Translaryngeal tracheostomy using the Fantoni technique: report of 104 cases

OBJECTIVE: Surgical tracheostomy morbidity led the authors to investigate new election techniques. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the translaryngeal tracheostomy (TLT), complications and cost. METHODS: From January 1998 to January 2001, 104 patients were treated with TLT modified: 69 males (66.3%) and 35 females (33.7%), average age 52.6 +/- 9.5 years. The original pathologies were: traumatical (36), neurological (37), surgical (9), heart (4), respiratory (18). The average time between intubation and execution of TLT was 4.2 +/- 1.3 days. RESULTS: Fifty four patients died (52%) and 50 patients lived (48%). Two complications (1.9%) occurred in those who survived: a breaking of the guidewire in traction. Extraction of the tracheostomy tube by clamp, a haemorrhage in 2nd post-operative day due to a thyroid vessel lesion. The haemostasis was performed by classical tracheostomy. The average number of days to decannulation was 25 +/- 1 days. CONCLUSIONS: TLT reduces trauma or trachea and neighbouring structures. This technique is safe and easy. TLT is an effective method, in non-urgent situations, in children and adults, as well as in brachytypes and the obese.     

延安市211例遗传咨询者的细胞遗传学分析

目的探讨遗传病与染色体异常的关系。方法采用外周血淋巴细胞培养，常规法制备染色体标本，G显带，镜下核型分析。结果分析延安市遗传咨询者211例的外周血染色体，发现异常核型19例，占9．00％。其中，常染色体异常14例，性染色体异常5例。结论染色体异常是导致遗传病的重要原因之一，对遗传咨询者进行染色体检查，不仅对优生优育、提高遗传素质有重要意义，而且为遗传病防治提供重要依据。     

硫酸头孢匹罗对其细菌内毒素检查的影响因素分析

目的：分析硫酸头孢匹罗细菌内毒素检查的影响因素。方法：通过对其酸度以及有关物质的分析，考察了其对细菌内毒素检查的影响因素以及排除其干扰的最佳方法。结果：酸度对其细菌内毒素检查所产生的干扰并不是主要的影响因素，而生产工艺的不同所带来的不同种类的杂质才是其产生干扰的主要因素。结论：硫酸头孢匹罗中的杂质是对细菌内毒素检查产生干扰的主要因素，而调节其供试品溶液的酸度可以有效地排除杂质所带来的干扰。     

The effects of instability and additional hand support on anticipatory postural adjustments in leg, trunk, and arm muscles during standing

We report data from a patient, FK, who manifested 'utilisation' behaviour after bilateral lesions of the medial frontal and anterior temporal lobes. In tasks requiring actions to be made with the hand compatible with the orientation of a cup, FK was able to ignore irrelevant distractors that fell in the path of action to the target. However, errors were made when the distractors were other cups. These errors reflected the hand selected on the basis of the properties of the target, suggesting that distractors competed to control the action after selection of the target. When similar in kind to the target, distractors sometimes captured the action. However, distractors that were associated with an action related to the target blocked the usual hand response. These results suggest a complex interlocking of attention and action when grasping responses are made to a target amongst distractors. There is initial selection of the target, but distractors on the path of a reach can then compete for control of the action. Distractors can be inhibited if they do not match the properties of the specified target, and there can also be inhibition of concurrently activated responses. We show that the magnitude of the inhibition is proportional to the strength of learned object-action associations.     

手臂静态姿势负荷的肌电实验研究

目的利用表面肌电术和Borg量表来测定、评价手臂静态姿势负荷,为工效学设计提供参考。方法14名男性大学生志愿者为对象,右臂以不同角度和距离做上抬、外展和前伸静态姿势,测定此间肱桡肌、肱二头肌、三角肌和斜方肌的表面肌电信号。肌电幅度以最大自主收缩肌电百分比(MVE%)来表示。用Borg量表对不同姿势的主观疲劳程度评分。对肌电幅度与Borg量表评分进行Pearson相关分析。结果各肌群的肌电幅度、疲劳评分随上抬和外展角度以及前伸距离的增大呈上升趋势。表面肌电MVE%与Borg量表评分之间相关性显著。结论表面肌电和Borg量表评分能够反映肌肉的静态姿势负荷与应激,两者有明显的相关性。在所测定的肌肉中,以三角肌和斜方肌受累最为显著。     

门诊抗感染药物使用分析

目的：了解综合性医学院附属医院门诊抗感染药物的使用情况，为合理用药提供参考依据。方法：以限定日剂量（DDD）,医院门诊抗感染药物用药频度（DDDs)、消耗金额及与剂型的关系进行分析。结果：DDDs前20位多为口服制剂，青霉素类、头孢菌素类、氟喹诺酮类为该院最常用的抗感染药物。结论：该院抗感染药物应用广泛，使用基本合理，但仍存在少量不合理现象。