微创穿刺术与开颅血肿清除术治疗基底节脑出血的临床分析

目的 比较微创穿刺术与歼颅血肿清除术治疗基底节脑出血的疗效,寻找理想的治疗方法.方法 将79例基底节脑出血患者随机分成微创组(n=41)和开颅组(n=38)进行于术治疗,观察术后3d及2周时的意识状态和死亡率,6个月后ADL分级.结果 术后3d,微创组意识障碍24例,开颅组意识障碍34例,两组差异有显著性;2周时,微创组意识障碍7例,死亡5例,开颅组意识障碍14例,死亡9例,差异有显著性.术后6个月,微创组ADL1～2级占67.6%(23/34).ADL 3～5级占32.4%(11/34);开颅组ADL 1～2级占38.5%(10/26),ADL 3～5级占61.5%(16/26).两组有显著性差异.结论 微创穿刺术可明显改善基底节高血压性脑出血的预后,提高生存质量.     

听神经鞘瘤切除术术中体位与术后并发症相关性分析（附90例报告）

目的探讨听神经鞘瘤经枕下乙状窦后入路肿瘤切除术中体位与术后并发症的相关性。方法对2004年至2007年收治的90例听神经鞘瘤病人，应用显微外科技术在显微镜下行枕下乙状窦后入路肿瘤切除术，术中病人体位取坐位58例，侧卧位32例，回顾性分析术后一系列并发症的发生与术中体位的关系。结果术后出现颅内血肿5例，其中术中采取坐位者4例（6．90％），侧卧位者1例（3．12％）；术后出现颅内积气47例，其中坐位者38例（65．52％），侧卧位者9例（28．12％），经统计学分析，采取两种不同体位手术的病人颅内积气发生率差异显著（P〈0.05）。结论侧卧位下较坐位下行枕下乙状窦后入路听神经鞘瘤切除术能更有效降低听神经鞘瘤术后颅内积气的发生率。     

Impaired postural stability as a marker of premanifest Huntington's disease

Subtle changes in fine motor control have been observed in individuals who carry the Huntington's disease (HD) mutation but have not yet manifested symptoms, referred to as premanifest HD (preHD). However, few studies have examined gross motor impairments in this population. This study sought to examine the role of sensory involvement in maintaining postural stability during the premanifest and manifest stages of HD using computerized dynamic posturography. Eleven HD participants, 22 preHD subdivided into “preHD Near” (<5 years from estimated clinical onset) and “preHD Far” (>5 years from estimated clinical onset), and 17 nongene carriers (NGC) completed a sensory organization test (SOT) to assess postural control when vestibular, visual, and somatosensory information was systematically degraded. The HD group demonstrated greater postural sway than the NGC and preHD Far groups on all conditions including baseline, and greater postural sway than the preHD Near group when sensory information was manipulated. The preHD Near group showed significantly greater postural sway than the preHD Far group when visual and somatosensory information was degraded and only vestibular information was available and reliable for maintaining postural stability. The results of this study highlight subtle postural deficits in the face of changing sensory conditions in preHD up to 5 years before estimated disease onset. The findings suggest that the SOT may be a highly sensitive indicator of early motor impairment and subsequent phenoconversion to manifest HD in preHD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society     

新疆四种肉苁蓉中氨基酸成分分析

作者研究新疆产的4种肉苁蓉的氨基酸成分,其方法采用常规的氨基酸提取法和日立835—50型氨基酸自动分析仪进行定量分析。分析结果表明,管花肉苁蓉中总氨基酸含量为0.083％,并测出11种氢基酸,盐生肉苁蓉中总氨基酸含量为0.749％,测出17种氨基酸,其中精氨酸含量为0.215％,还测出了半胱氨酸。     

发育性偏颌畸形患者颈椎姿势特征的研究

目的：探讨发育性下颌偏颌患者的颈椎姿势特征，为改善患者体态提供新的思路。方法：对20例恒牙列下颌偏颌患者及39例正常咬合者拍摄头颅定位后前位、侧位、颈椎标准正、侧位X线片及直立时的面颈和全身照片。结果：偏颌畸形患者颜面明显不对称，直立时一侧胸锁乳突肌肌张力较对侧强、头向一侧偏斜、双肩不等高。矢状面内头颈呈前倾、前伸痊。颈椎正位X片显示颏部及第4、5、6颈椎棘突偏离中线程度大于对照组；颈椎侧位X线显示颈椎曲度小于对照组。结论：偏颌畸形影响颈椎姿势，矫治颌面畸形的同时应注意对异常颈椎姿势的矫治。     

Decreased R-R variance in panic disorder patients

To investigate autonomic function in panic disorder patients (n = 30), we compared postural changes in heart rate and the R-R interval variance in patients and normal controls (n = 20). There was no significant difference in the immediate changes in heart rate upon standing between the groups. R-R variance was significantly decreased during resting supine condition in patients as indicated by the corrected standard deviation of the R-R intervals. The standing R-R variance was significantly lower than that of normal controls as indicated by the corrected standard deviations, the corrected mean consecutive difference and the corrected standard deviation of the mean consecutive difference of the R-R intervals, suggesting an increase in vagal withdrawal in patients, especially upon standing. If this finding is specific to panic disorder patients, it may be a useful peripheral marker for this condition.     

Knee Posture Predicted from Subchondral Apparent Density in the Distal Femur: An Experimental Validation

Spatial patterning in the apparent density of subchondral bone can be used to discriminate between species that differ in their joint loading conditions. This study provides an experimental test of two hypotheses that relate aspects of subchondral apparent density patterns to joint loading conditions. First, the region of maximum subchondral apparent density (RMD) will correspond to differences in joint posture at the time of peak locomotor loads; and second, differences in maximum density between individuals will correspond to differences in exercise level. These hypotheses were tested using three age‐matched samples of juvenile sheep. Two groups of five sheep were exercised, at moderate walking speeds, twice daily for 45 days on a treadmill with either a 0% or 15% grade. The remaining sheep were not exercised. Sheep walking on the inclined treadmill used more flexed knee postures than those in the level walking group at the time of peak vertical ground reaction forces. Kinematic measurements of knee posture were compared with knee postures estimated from the spatial position of the RMD on the medial femoral condyle. Our results show that the difference in the position of the RMD between the incline and level walking groups corresponded to the difference in knee postures obtained kinematically; however, exercised and nonexercised sheep did not differ in the magnitude of apparent density. These results suggest that patterns of subchondral apparent density are good indicators of the experimental modifications in joint posture during locomotion and may, therefore, be used to investigate differences between species in habitual joint loading. Anat Rec, 291:293–302, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

眼外伤致眼球破裂34例临床分析

眼外伤后致眼球破裂是最为严重的眼损伤，我院自1998年至2004年共收治眼球破裂伤34例，14例行眼球摘除，其余加例显微清创缝合术，现将分析总结如下。     

不同姿势着陆时人体质心部位冲击过载的比较

以男伞兵为对象,借助高速摄影和仪器分析方法,对半蹲式和侧滚式两种姿势着陆时身体质心承受的冲击过载进行了比较研究。结果表明,从减小身体质心承受的冲击过载看,侧滚式优于半蹲式。