合成消旋丹参素及其衍生物对血小板聚集性和cAMP含量的影响

合成消旋丹参素(简称合成丹参素)及其衍生物(BLA、BLE)在体外实验和体内静脉注射时,对ADP诱导的家兔和大鼠血小板聚集性均有明显的抑制作用。BLK和BLE有较强的促进血小板解聚作用,而合成丹参素较弱。合成丹参索、BLA和BLE在体外实验时,无升高血小板内cAMP作用,反使其cAMP含量下降。提示合成丹参素及其衍生物对血小板功能的作用,不是通过提高cAMP水平;推测可能和抑制血栓素A_2(TXA_2)合成酶有关。     

The effects of nifedipine on platelet aggregation and plasma 6-keto-PGF1α, and its interaction with indomethacin

Summary Pre-incubation of human platelets with nifedipine in vitro or treatment of normal volunteers with nifedipine, 30 mg daily for one week, did not alter ADP induced aggregation measured by whole blood aggregometry. 6-oxo-Prostaglandin F₁ remained undetectable in plasma following oral administration of nifedipine to normal volunteers. The hypotensive response to intravenous nifedipine administration was similar in spontaneously hypertensive rats pretreated with indomethacin or placebo. These results conflict with previous reports that nifedipine alters platelet aggregation and prostaglandin metabolism.     

Effects of fenflumizole on aggregation ex vivo of human platelets and formation of thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin-F_{1\alpha }

Summary Fenflumizole (2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)imidazole), a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was given to healthy subjects in single oral doses of 0.1, 1 and 2 mg/kg. The effect of the drug was followed for up to 8 h by repeated tests of arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation and was related to its concomitant plasma concentration. Fenflumizole reversibly inhibited platelet aggregation and the degree of inhibition was found to be linearly correlated with the log plasma concentration. There was depression of the formation of thromboxane B₂ and 6-keto-prostaglandin F₁ (the stable metabolites of thromboxane A₂ and prostacyclin) in clotted whole blood measured by radioimmunoassay after fenflumizole 1 mg/kg. This effect was directly related to the concentration of the drug in plasma, the maximum effect being reached at fenflumizole concentrations >200 ng/ml. EC₅₀-values for inhibition of the formation of thromboxane B₂ and 6-keto-prostaglandin were approximately 20 and 40 ng/ml, respectively. The results suggest that orally administered fenflumizole is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation and prostanoid formation.     

High dose gammaglobulin therapy in adults with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) clinical effects

Summary This study of the effect of high-dose intravenous gammaglobulins with one or two courses of therapy in 18 adults with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura showed a platelet rise in thirteen patients. The highest response rates were seen in splenectomized adults. In chronic patients the response was transient only. If therapy was effective, increased values of platelet-associated IgG were reduced, while shortened platelet survival times were prolonged. There was no influence of high-dose gammaglobulins on platelet function. Different 7S-preparations such as -propiolactone modified Ig, pH 4 treated Ig and reduced and alkylated Ig have comparable effects.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Mu 277/9-4)     

长沙地区无偿献血人群隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染情况分析

目的 了解长沙地区无偿献血人群隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染(occult hepatitis B virus infection,OBI)流行情况,探讨HBV基因型分布特征和S区氨基酸突变的情况。方法 对长沙地区检测结果为HBsAg-/HBV DNA+的无偿献血血液样本进行HBV血清标志物检测,对其中的OBI样本进行HBV病毒载量检测和S区基因扩增,分析血清学标志物抗HBs与病毒载量检出与否的关系,并对扩增产物进行HBV基因分型和突变位点分析。结果 2019年1月—2020年1月长沙地区173 893份无偿献血标本共确认58例OBI样本,OBI流行率为0.033%;共发现7种血清学模式,抗HBc单独阳性最多,占38.98%,所有样本中抗HBc阳性率为89.83%;16例样本能检测出病毒载量,其中14例样本浓度小于100 IU/ml;抗HBs阳性组和阴性组间的病毒载量检出率无统计学差异;75.0%(12/16)样本扩增出S区序列,基因型均为B型,均发生突变,其中11例的HBsAg抗原决定簇及周边主要亲水区域(major hydrophilic region, MHR)发生氨基酸突变。结论 长沙地区无偿献血者中的OBI感染率在全国属于偏低水平;HBV基因型主要是B型,MHR区的氨基酸突变可能是造成OBI的原因,突变有本地特点。     

心痛安颗粒剂对不稳定性心绞痛患者血小板功能及凝血系统的影响

目的 :观察心痛安颗粒剂对不稳定性心绞痛患者血小板和凝血系统的作用。方法 :6 0例不稳定性心绞痛患者随机分为心痛安组 (30例 ,常规西药加心痛安颗粒剂治疗 )与对照组 (30例 ,单用常规西药治疗 ) ,观察治疗前后血小板最大聚集率 (Ma% )血小板 α颗粒膜糖蛋白 (GMP- 140 )和 D-二聚体 (D- D)的变化。结果 :治疗后 ,心痛安颗粒组的 Ma% ,GMP- 140和 D- D经治疗后明显下降 ,下降幅度明显大于对照组。结论 :心痛安颗粒剂可能通过抑制血小板聚集、活化和纤维蛋白合成而发挥治疗不稳定性心绞痛的作用。     

15种理气中药体外对人血小板聚集的影响

目的观察15种理气中药对体外肾上腺素诱导的人血小板聚集的影响.方法试管内人血小板加中药孵育前后,比浊法测定血小板聚集.结果11种理气药具有抗血小板聚集作用(P＜0.05～0.001),其中枳实的抑制作用较阳性对照阿司匹林明显(P＜0.01),青皮、陈皮与阿司匹林无差异(P＜0.05).柿蒂、甘松、檀香、沉香对血小板聚集无明显作用(P＞0.05).结论多数理气药(11/15)在体外具有抗人血小板聚集作用,枳实、青皮、陈皮3种作用强于或与阿司匹林相当.     

整合素血小板膜糖蛋白IIb、IIIa在系膜增殖性肾炎中的表达

目的 :观察整合素血小板膜糖蛋白Ⅱb、Ⅲa(GPⅡb、GPⅢa)在人类系膜增殖肾炎 (MsPGN)中肾内表达 ,探讨GPⅡb Ⅲa在MsPGN的作用。方法 :18例肾活检标本均行光镜HE、PAS、PASM Masson染色 ,电镜及免疫荧光检查 ,以SABC法测定肾组织中GPⅡb、GPⅢa、P 选择素 (P 140 )、纤维连接蛋白 (FN)、粘连蛋白 (LN)表达与正常对照组分别比较 ,并行计算机图像分析。结果 :PAS阳性物 (PAS+ )、PASM阳性物 (PASM+ )及FN、LN明显增生 ;GPⅡb、GPⅢa、P 140表达上调 ;肾小球细胞数 (n)、平均肾小球体积 (AVG)及肾小球硬化指数显著增加 ;肾小管、间质轻度受损。结论 :GPⅡb、GPⅢa在肾小球及肾小管间质表达上调与系膜细胞基质增生、细胞浸润、肾小球硬化相关 ;可能与肾小球疾病中凝血功能紊乱、血小板在肾脏的致病作用相关     

降纤酶治疗急性脑梗塞后血液流变学指标的变化

目的　评定降纤酶治疗急性脑梗塞对血液凝血、纤溶系统及血小板的影响。方法　24例急性脑梗塞患者随机分为降纤酶组和常规治疗组,测定治疗前后血浆纤维蛋白原(Fg)、D-二聚体、凝血酶原时间(PT)、白陶土部分凝血活酶时间(KPTT)、血小板最大聚集率(P