暴发性阴囊坏疽治疗9例体会

目的：探讨暴发性阴囊坏疽的治疗方法。方法：对9例患者均行外科清创、冲洗引流、抗感染等治疗，其中3例外暴露的睾丸暂置于浅表腔隙中，二期重建阴囊回纳睾丸，1例患者行高压氧治疗。结果：留置U形管引流者，重复清创手术的次数明显减少，体温及血常规恢复正常的时间较普通引流显著缩短，术后恢复迅速。结论：暴发性阴囊坏疽的治疗仍以清创及应用抗生素为主，术中多无须切除睾丸；条件许可，可配合高压氧治疗；U形多孔双向引流管在清创术后引流效果确切，对促进康复有明显优势。     

吸入性损伤犬降钙素的变化

目的单因素观察吸入性损伤或烧伤后血清免疫反应性降钙素(iCT)的变化,分析其诊断意义。方法将24只犬随机分为单纯吸入性损伤后中度(A)、重度(B)、特重度损伤(C)组及单纯重度烧伤(D)组,每组6只。吸人性损伤犬均在伤后6 h行纤维支气管镜检查,以明确其损伤程度。分别于不同时相点抽取犬静脉血检测iCT含量,抽取动脉血做血气分析。结果(1)经纤维支气管镜检查,证实A、B、C组犬符合吸入性损伤的预期程度。(2)与伤前值(38±22)ng／L比较,各组吸人性损伤犬iCT含量在伤后1 h均明显升高(P<0．05),伤后4 h明显高于D组(P(0．05),其中A组于24 h达峰值(453±224)ng／L,B、C组在48 h内呈进行性升高。D组犬iCT含量在伤后2 h开始持续升高,至伤后48 h为(125±41)ng／L。(3)血气分析结果显示,与伤前值(109±8)mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0．133 kPa)比较,A、D两组氧分压(PaO2)伤后各时相点无明显差异(P>0．05),B、C组犬从伤后8 h和伤后4 h开始持续下降,分别为(65±6)、(71±9)mm Hg。与二氧化碳分压(PaCO2)的伤前值(38±5)mm Hg比较,C组犬伤后24 h PaCO2开始升高[(52±11)mm Hg]。结论在吸入性损伤后8 h内,iCT的变化明显早于血气分析指标,其诊断意义接近纤维支气管镜检查。     

富氧对海拔3700m高原人体运动心力储备的影响

目的　探讨富氧对高原人体运动心力储备方面的影响。方法　对海拔 3 70 0m高原的 1 2名健康青年富氧 (氧浓度为 2 4%～ 2 5 %)前后分别进行踏阶运动 ,采用心力监护仪采集和记录心动周期和心力信息 ,把完成规定运动量运动后第一心音 (S1 )幅值对安静时S1 幅值增加的相应倍数评估心肌收缩能力储备指数 (CCRI) ;利用舒张期和收缩期时限数据计算舒张期 /收缩期比值 (D/S比 )。结果　运动后较安静时HR ,D/S ,S1 幅值均增高 ,有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;富氧运动较未富氧运动CCRI,D/S ,S1 幅值增高 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,HR无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　高原低氧环境下心脏储备主要是心肌收缩能力储备而不是心率储备。富氧对增强机体心力储备具有重要作用     

地氟醚低流量洗入紧闭环路麻醉的摄取规律

目的 研究地氟醚高浓度、低流量洗入时的摄取规律。方法 择期全麻下行上腹部手术的ASA I-Ⅱ级患者80例,随机分为A、B两组,洗入期:A组新鲜气流量为:氧气0.7 L/min;B组新鲜气流量为:氧气0.4 L/min,氧化亚氮 0.3 L/min。两组Tec-6地氟醚蒸发器刻度均为18％。维持期:两组新鲜气流量均不变,蒸发器刻度均改为8％。结果 A组平均洗入时间为（4.56±0.68）min,B组平均洗入时间为（4.05±0.52）min,二者无统计学差异（P>0.05）。两组间各时点 FA/FI均无显著差异（P>0.05）。结论 低流量洗入地氟醚、氧化亚氮时,氧化亚氮并不影响地氟醚的体内摄取过程。地氟醚低流量洗入紧闭环路麻醉安全可行。     

Effects of N-acetylcysteine on bacterial clearance

Abstract. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the oxygen radical scavenger N -acetylcysteine ( N -AC) impairs bacterial clearance, thus predisposing the host to increased risk of disease. Blood clearance of Escherichia coli and organ colonization were investigated in anaesthetized rabbits after pretreatment with N -AC (250 mg kg^-1 body weight, n = 16) and in sham-operated animals ( n = 12). To enable quantification of the clearance process, defined numbers of exogenous E. coli [1.3 times 108 colony-forming units (CFUs)] were injected intravenously. Parameters monitored were kinetics of bacterial elimination from the blood, and polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) oxidative burst activity. Samples of liver, kidney, spleen and lung were collected for bacterial counts. Compared with controls, pretreatment with N -AC resulted in delayed bacterial elimination from blood and higher organ colonization with increased numbers of E. coli in liver, lung and kidney ( P < 0.05). N -AC treatment was associated with a suppressed PMN oxidative burst activity. Impaired bacterial clearance and enhanced organ colonization in N -AC-treated animals correlated with reduced oxidative burst activity, suggesting impaired granulocyte-dependent bacterial killing due to N -AC application.     

清咽雾化液治疗咽喉炎的临床研究

清咽雾化液为紫红色澄明灭菌溶液，经９５例急慢性咽喉炎临床治疗观察，其临床痊愈率与显效率为８１．０４％，与对照组比较有显著差异。药效研究具有抗炎消肿、镇咳祛痰、改善微循环、增强免疫功能等作用。其可以提高患者唾液中ＩｇＧ水平，且具有统计学差异。     

Endoscopic photographic comparison of drug delivery by ear-drops and by aerosol spray

The Otomize (Stafford-Miller Ltd) aerosol spray is a new device for delivering topical ear medication in otitis externa. Both the manufacturers and a recent study have claimed that the spray produces better coverage of the external ear canal than do traditional ear-drops. We performed an endoscopic photographic comparison study to investigate this claim. The area of tympanic membrane and ear canal covered with medication was greater in those ears treated with the aerosol (P < 0.001, paired t-test). The ability of the aerosol to deliver drug to the level of the tympanic membrane suggests a possible role for this device in the treatment of chronic otitis media. The technique of endoscopic photography provides an objective and reproducible means of investigating drug delivery systems for otological conditions.