5E教学模式联合翻转课堂教学在急诊护士规培教学中的应用研究

目的 探究5E教学模式联合翻转课堂教学在急诊护士规培教学中的应用效果。方法 选取2022年3月至8月在空军军医大学第一附属医院急诊科接受培训的97名护士为研究对象,将2022年3月至5月培训的47名护士设为对照组,2022年6月至8月培训的50名护士设为观察组。对照组采用传统教学,观察组采用5E教学模式联合翻转课堂教学进行培训,比较两组护士理论及操作考试成绩、临床护理能力、自我导向学习能力及对教学模式的满意度。采用SPSS 24.0进行独立样本t检验和卡方检验。结果 规范化培训结束后,观察组护士理论考试成绩、操作考试成绩均高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组护士护理行为六维度量表的各维度评分及总分均高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组护士自我导向学习能力评定量表（self-rating scale of self-directed learning,SRSSDL）中学习意识、学习行为、学习策略、学习评价等维度的评分及量表总分高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组护士教学满意度各维度评分及总分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 5E教学模式联合翻转课堂教学适合急诊护士规范化培训,有助于提高急诊护士的临床护理能力和自我导向学习能力,教学满意度较高。     

护理人员信息管理系统的开发与应用

本文回顾了国内护理人员信息系统研究的背景和现状,介绍了作者自行研制的护理人员信息管理系统的结构和功能,并将其用于护士继续教育和规范化培训的管理过程,已取得较好成果。护理人员信息管理系统的开发与应用旨在适应未来护理的发展需求,促进护理管理的现代化。     

Perceptions on the influence of cost issues on quality improvement initiatives: a survey of Saudi health care managers.

OBJECTIVE: To determine (i) the cost issues which Saudi health care managers perceive to influence overall quality improvement initiatives, and (ii) the relationship between health care managers' satisfaction with such initiatives and their perceptions regarding the influence of different cost issues on the overall quality improvement initiatives. DESIGN: Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire in August and September 1996 in the Western Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The participants were 236 health care managers of private hospitals. Data was analysed using the chi2 test. RESULTS: Less than one-half of the health care managers surveyed were satisfied with their hospitals' overall quality improvement initiatives. The issue that was rated to have the most influence on such initiatives was the 'cost of malpractice lawsuits' followed by the budget for the quality assurance programme'. The issue that was perceived to have the least influence on overall quality improvement initiatives was 'data on cost allocation'. Of the 17 cost issues included in the study, eight had statistically significant influence on the health care managers' satisfaction with their hospitals' overall quality improvement initiatives. The most statistically significant was the 'measurement of the costs of quality-related actions'.     

浅谈护士长的公关意识及作用

本文从5个方面论述了公关意识及其临床作用。即①塑造形象的意识;②服务公众的意识;③沟通交流的意识;④创新审美的意识;⑤真诚互惠的意识。通过对其作用的论述,旨在引起广大护理工作者对公共关系的重视,从而促进护理学科发展。     

Issues of reliability and validity in the measurement of challenging behaviour (behavioural difficulties) in learning disability: a discussion of implications for nursing research and practice

• ? The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate on issues related to the reliability and validity of measurement of challenging behaviour (behavioural difficulties) in learning disability. A number of practical, theoretical and methodological issues are discussed that have significance for the nurse both as practitioner and/or researcher in learning disability. These issues are equally important to both provider and purchaser of health care in order that resources can be most effectively targeted.
• ? The term ‘challenging behaviour’ would appear to be used both in literature and research synonymously with behavioural difficulties, this has implications for nurses in both their clinical practice and/or research. The author concludes by identifying a need to replace the term challenging behaviour, with ‘behavioural difficulties’. It is argued that such a term is much more explicit in meaning and amenable to operational definition, thus enabling empirical study. Such a proposal will not be accepted by all as justifiable; this is because some might argue that adopting the term behavioural difficulties may be a retrograde step that perpetuates negative imagery and inappropriate labelling of people with a learning disability.

     

An action research investigation into the feasibility of experienced registered sick children's nurses (RSCNs) becoming children's emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs)

• ? Emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs) formally developed in accident and emergency (A & E) departments as a direct response to waiting times for the walking wounded, the need to reduce junior doctors hours and changes in nursing practice.
• ? ENPs existed informally for many years in minor injuries units and specialist ophthalmic departments.
• ? This study aimed to examine whether or not the role of ENP could be applied to the specialist service of a paediatric casualty department.
• ? The results showed that 3% of patients could be seen and treated to conclusion by a children's ENP, and some patients could have their care accelerated by a children's ENP.
• ? The introduction of children's ENPs would have an impact on waiting times, junior doctors work-load and the quality of patient care.

     

Cervical cancer screening in Tamilnadu, India: a feasibility study of training the village health nurse

Uterine cervical cancer is the most common malignancy among females in developing countries, including India. The success of cervical cancer screening programs in North America and Western Europe has been the result of centralized cervical-cytology screening. This is not possible in the villages (n=17,000) of Tamilnadu where 58 percent of females in rural areas are illiterate, health infrastructure is mediocre, and cervical cytology is unknow. The present study was undertaken to examine if the village health nurse (VHN) could be trained quickly to identify a cervical abnormality by visual inspection so that we could down stage the cancer to earlier stages, more amenable to treatment. VHNs also would be trained to take an adequate Pap smear. A total of 101 VHNs were trained in batches and returned to their villages. Within two years, 6,459 engible women in the study area were screened. The agreement between the gynecologists and the VHNs in identifying cancer among those with abnormal cervix was 95 percent, and 80 percent of the Pap smears taken by VHNs were adequate by WHO criteria, making the feasibility study highly successful.Authors are with The Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Madras, Tamil Nadu,India. Address correspondence to Dr Gajalakshmi, Epidemiology Division and Cancer Registry, 18, Sardar Patel Road, Cancer Institute (WIA), Madras-600 036, Tamilnadu, India. This project was funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research, Government of India, New Delhi, India.520 Cancer Causes and Control. Vol 7. 1996     

Thymic nurse cells account for the thymus dependency of preleukemic cells in mice after inoculation of radiation leukemia virus

Inoculation of Radiation Leukemia Virus (RadLV) into C57BL/Ka mice induces thymic lymphomas after a 3-6 month latent period. The leukemogenic process requires a sequence of events from the productive infection of susceptible target cells and induction of preleukemic cells to irreversible neoplastic transformation. Preleukemic cells were detected in the thymus during the first week following virus injection. The thymus dependency of these cells was shown to depend transiently upon peculiar lymphoepithelial complexes called "Thymic Nurse Cells" (TNCs). Indeed, the first preleukemic cells appearing in the RadLV-inoculated thymuses were observed selectively within TNCs. They remained closely associated with these complexes during the first 2 or 4 weeks. Later on, TNCs disappeared almost completely whereas non-TNCs associated preleukemic cells were found. Lymphoepithelial interactions within TNCs were thus required for the initial events of RadLV-induced lymphomagenesis. The subsequent TNCs depletion expressed a disturbance of thymic lymphopoiesis in relation with the neoplastic process.     

Medical Specialization,Profession, and Mediating Beliefs That Predict Stated Likelihood of Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention: Targeting Educational Interventions

Practitioner-level educational approaches that promote screening and brief intervention (SBI) seldom consider providers' profession and medical specialization. Strategies that consider these variables may be better equipped to affect change in beliefs and behavior. The aim of this study was to identify beliefs that predict stated likelihood of practicing SBI by specialty and health profession in order to guide the direction of educational strategies. Physicians and nurse practitioners were studied that specialized in family, internal, obstetric gynecology (ObGyn), and pediatric medicine. The results indicated that independent of amount of previous postgraduate alcohol education and knowledge, self-rated competence mediated between specialty and likelihood of practicing SBI. For instance, low self-rated competence for ObGyn was a barrier that suppressed likelihood of practicing SBI. Other findings were that role legitimacy mediated the association between profession and likelihood of SBI, so that lack of role legitimacy was a barrier for physicians but not for nurse practitioners. We suggest that targeted educational strategies for ObGyn and pediatric clinicians may prove more effective than the prevalent one-size-fits all approaches aimed at general adult populations.     

锁骨下静脉置管化疗的应用及护理

目的 减少外周静脉化疗引起的静脉炎及药物外渗性损伤。方法 对46例锁骨下静脉置管化疗病人进行了护理观察。结果 接受锁骨下静脉置管的患者均完成了3周期化疗，导管保留时间最长为186天，无并发症发生。结论 应用中心静脉导管，一次置管可完成多程化疗，治疗方便，尤其适用于多程化疗及恶液质病人的支持治疗。