Intactness of membranous structure in canine stunned myocardium shown with colloidal lanthanum nitrate

ＩｎｔａｃｔｎｅｓｓｏｆｍｅｍｂｒａｎｏｕｓｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｉｎｃａｎｉｎｅｓｔｕｎｎｅｄｍｙｏｃａｒｄｉｕｍｓｈｏｗｎｗｉｔｈｃｏｌｌｏｉｄａｌｌａｎｔｈａｎｕｍｎｉｔｒａｔｅＺｈｕＹｏｎｇｈｏｎｇ（朱永宏），ＬｉＬａｎｓｕｎ（李兰荪），Ｃｈｅｎ...     

Molecular mechanism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma in treating coronary artery diseases

ObjectiveMost of the studies on the herb Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CR) have focused on the l-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway, but the nitrate-nitrite-NO (NO₃⁻–NO₂⁻–NO) pathway was rarely investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of action of CR in coronary artery disease (CAD).MethodsThe NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻ and NO levels were examined in the NO₃⁻–NO₂⁻–NO pathway. High-performance ion chromatography was used to quantify NO₃⁻ and NO₂⁻ levels. Then, NO was quantified using a multifunctional enzyme marker with a fluorescent probe. The tension of aortic rings was measured using a multi myograph system.ResultsHigh content of NO₃⁻ and low content of NO₂⁻ was found in CR, and which could potently convert NO₃⁻ to NO₂⁻ in the presence of endogenous reductase enzyme. Incubating human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) with CR-containing serum showed that CR significantly decreased the NO₃⁻ content and increased the levels of NO₂⁻ and NO in the cells under hypoxic conditions. In addition, CR significantly relaxed isolated aortic rings when the l-arginine –NO pathway was blocked. The optimal concentration of CR for relaxation was 200 mg/mL.ConclusionCR supplements large amounts of NO in cells and vessels to achieve relaxation via the NO₃⁻–NO₂⁻–NO pathway, thereby making up for the deficiency caused by the lack of NO after the l-arginine-NO pathway is suppressed. This study also supports the potential use of a traditional Chinese herb for future drug development.     

A Study of Closure of Tympanic Membrane Perforations by Chemical Cauterisation

To study the effectiveness of chemical cautery with patching on chronic tympanic membrane perforations of the pars tensa. Thirty-eight patients with dry tympanic membrane perforations due to inflammatory or traumatic etiology were selected after treating the primary etiological factors like septal deviation and allergic rhinitis. Fifty percentage silver nitrate was used to cauterize the margin and the perforation was covered with thin sterile aluminium foil as a patch. A maximum number of five applications were made, and the patients were followed up for the next 5 years. In this series of 38 patients, highest success was noted among those patients with traumatic perforation, while larger perforations were reduced to small pinhole sizes which were successfully closed by myringoplasty. An overall success rate of 73.75% was achieved. This is a time tested useful method which was popularized by Derlacki (1953), to close small to moderate sized tympanic membrane perforation and should be considered as a first line management in the treatment of tympanic membrane perforation prior to any surgical intervention. Apart from being a simple and economical mode of treatment, it is associated with minimal complications. Though various materials have been used to modify this technique, the principle remains the same and the results obtained in this study is comparable with the previous ones.     

Silver nitrate mimicking a foreign body in the pharyngeal mucosal space

Silver nitrate is sometimes used as a means of chemical cauterization for control of minor bleeding and management of hypergranulation tissue following bedside head and neck procedures. There are only few reports available on the imaging appearance of silver nitrate and its potential to mimic a foreign body. We report a case of a patient presenting with dysphagia, odynophagia, and fever following dental work who had a peritonsillar incision and drainage for treatment of a deep neck space infection. During the procedure, silver nitrate was applied to halt the bleeding. Patient was subsequently transferred to another institution. Since the patient was not showing significant clinical improvement on antibiotic therapy, a computed tomography (CT) scan was performed demonstrating a hyperdense structure lodged in the pharyngeal mucosal space in the oropharynx and soft palate that was mistaken for a foreign body such as bone. Silver nitrate can have density similar to bone but does not have the normal architecture of bone with cortex and marrow on CT. Familiarity with the appearance of silver nitrate on CT, lack of bone architecture, and proper documentation and communication of the use of silver nitrate to the consultant radiologist and medical personnel could help avoid misdiagnosis and potentially unnecessary surgical exploration.     

杜氏盐藻硝酸盐还原酶基因5'上游序列的克隆与序列分析

目的:克隆杜氏盐藻硝酸盐还原酶(NR)基因5'上游序列,并对其进行测序和序列分析.方法:提取杜氏盐藻基因组DNA,经过BamH I、EcoR I、Hind Ⅲ、Pst I、Sal Ⅰ及Xbal Ⅰ限制性内切酶分别酶切后,再与相应接头连接,分别构建盐藻步行基因组文库BL、EL、HL、PL、SL和XL.采用巢式(LA)-PCR方法,从上述步行基因组文库中扩增杜氏盐藻NR基因5'上游序列,克隆至pMD18-T,对酶切鉴定正确的克隆进行测序.结果:从HL里扩出约1 200 bp特异性片断,回收此片段并进行T载体克隆,对阳性克隆测序.该序列的3'端与已知NR基因cDNA 5'端序列完全一致.该序列含有多个与转录调控有关的保守序列(如CAAT-box和GAGA-box),含有与EBP、EFII、NF-E1、LV 等转录因子以及广谱激活剂Oct-1结合位点相似的核苷酸序列.结论:采用LA-PCR基因组步行方法,从已知cDNA 周围未知启动子或其他调控区域中克隆得到的NR基因的5'上游区序列,可能是一种新的杜氏盐藻启动子区序列.     

浸泡处理对黄瓜中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量的影响

目的利用茶溶液对黄瓜进行浸泡处理,根据其对硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐的去除率,探讨最佳浸泡方式。方法利用热水浸提法制备茶叶水溶液,在恒温水浴锅中用茶叶水溶液对黄瓜样品进行浸泡处理,通过改变茶叶水溶液的浓度、浸泡时间、浸泡温度等实验条件,测定黄瓜中硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐的含量变化。结果在温度为30℃时,用浓度为5%的茶溶液对黄瓜浸泡10 min,对其硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的去除效果较好。结论利用茶溶液做浸泡液对黄瓜中的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐具有一定的清除效果,但清除率与浸泡条件有关。     

急性低压缺氧暴露后血脑屏障通透性的变化及其意义

目的：观察在急性低压缺氧条件下,大鼠血脑屏障通秀性的变化特点,为阐明低压缺氧作用下脑功能障碍的可能机理及临床上特殊病例治疗方案的确定提供生理学依据。方法：选择在雄性SD大鼠12只,随机分为对照组、5000m急性低压缺氧暴露组。实验组动物于低压舱内,以20m/s的速率上升,至5000m,停留5hm,而后以20m/s的速率下降至地面;出舱后立即经心脏灌注硝酸镧固定液,开颅取脑,制成切片,置透射电镜下观察。结果：急性低压缺氧暴露5h后即刻,即可见镧颗粒通过大鼠脑皮质的毛细血管内皮细胞膜,沉积于毛细血管内皮细胞浆内、细胞核膜上以及血管周围,弥漫性地分布于脑间质细胞间隙,并附着于神经细胞膜上,而对照组大鼠,镧颗粒仅滞留于大脑皮层的毛细血管腔内。结论：5000m以上低压缺氧连续暴露5h,可引起大鼠血脑屏障通透性增加。这可能在低压缺氧导致脑水肿的发生以及脑功能障碍的过程中起重要作用,对确定临床上特殊病例的治疗也有一定参考价值。     

银染法观察铜绿假单胞菌生物被膜变化初探

目的探讨银染法观察细菌生物被膜在药物作用前后变化的可靠性。方法建立细菌生物被膜,分别用银染法和扫描电镜进行观察生物被膜的变化。结果银染后普通光学显微镜观察和扫描电镜观察对生物被膜变化的观察结果完全相符。结论用银染法观察细菌生物膜的变化便捷、可靠。     

氟康唑治疗念珠茵性外阴阴道炎120例疗效观察

目的通过观察氟康唑治疗念珠菌性外阴阴道炎的疗效及不良反应，分析研究其疗效与副作用。方法将200例病人随机分为氟康唑组120例及硝酸咪康唑栓对照组80例。两组均在用药1周后观察疗效及出现的毒副作用。结果氟康唑组有效率96．7％，对照组有效率73．3％，有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。结论氟康唑治疗念珠菌性外阴阴道炎的疗效确切，且使用方便、安全、副作用小。     

臭氧（O3）辅以硝酸咪康唑栓治疗阴道念珠菌病

目的：探讨治疗阴道念珠菌病的有效方法。方法：收集2007年3月至2008年7月阴道念珠菌病患者1200例,随机分为治疗组600例,时照组600例,治疗组：≥13mg／L臭氧水冲洗及浸泡阴道3—5分钟,然后,阴道置咪康唑栓1枚（200mg）,1次／日,共3日。对照组：单纯咪康唑栓治疗,方法同治疗组。结果：治疗组：治愈率99．6％,无效0;对照组：治愈率62．0％,无效2,两组比较,差异显著P〈0．05。结论：臭氧水（O3）冲洗浸泡阴道,辅以硝酸咪康唑栓治疗阴道念珠菌病效果显著,无副作用,值得推广。