全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3213篇 |
免费 | 405篇 |
国内免费 | 59篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 117篇 |
儿科学 | 179篇 |
妇产科学 | 163篇 |
基础医学 | 292篇 |
口腔科学 | 63篇 |
临床医学 | 303篇 |
内科学 | 577篇 |
皮肤病学 | 98篇 |
神经病学 | 52篇 |
特种医学 | 87篇 |
外国民族医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 578篇 |
综合类 | 192篇 |
预防医学 | 60篇 |
眼科学 | 37篇 |
药学 | 67篇 |
中国医学 | 9篇 |
肿瘤学 | 800篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 64篇 |
2022年 | 108篇 |
2021年 | 162篇 |
2020年 | 160篇 |
2019年 | 167篇 |
2018年 | 135篇 |
2017年 | 158篇 |
2016年 | 163篇 |
2015年 | 150篇 |
2014年 | 189篇 |
2013年 | 232篇 |
2012年 | 159篇 |
2011年 | 147篇 |
2010年 | 130篇 |
2009年 | 136篇 |
2008年 | 136篇 |
2007年 | 151篇 |
2006年 | 143篇 |
2005年 | 116篇 |
2004年 | 106篇 |
2003年 | 72篇 |
2002年 | 56篇 |
2001年 | 65篇 |
2000年 | 47篇 |
1999年 | 36篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 50篇 |
1996年 | 32篇 |
1995年 | 39篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 28篇 |
1991年 | 32篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 11篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3677条查询结果,搜索用时 343 毫秒
31.
Hypercalcemia in breast cancer 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G. Francini R. Petrioli E. Maioli S. Gonnelli S. Marsili A. Aquino S. Bruni 《Clinical & experimental metastasis》1993,11(5):359-367
Hypercalcemia is relatively frequent in malignancy with or without osteolytic bone metastases. It is thought that neoplastic cells may secrete substances which not only stimulate osteoclastic activity but are also capable of modifying the absorption, excretion, and resorption of calcium and phosphate ions. Since 1987, we have studied 24 breast cancer patients with hypercalcemia (22 with bone metastases and two without). The group of 22 patients with bone metastases were divided into two subgroups. The first consisted of 10 patients with high serum levels of humoral factors, such as parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), and/or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and/or interleukin 1 (IL-1), and high levels of bone markers, such as alkaline phosphatase, bone Gla protein and urinary hydroxyproline. The second subgroup consisted of 12 patients with high levels of bone markers alone. Bone histologic analysis showed an osteoclastic activation surrounding metastatic tumor tissue in six out of 10 patients of the first subgroup, while an evident osteolysis caused by the tumor cells was noted in seven out of 12 patients of the second subgroup. The two patients without bone metastases showed normal biochemistry and bone histologic examination. The authors, having tried to explain the pathogenesis of hypercalcemia, emphasize the importance of humoral factors secreted by tumor cells as a direct or indirect cause of hypercalcemia. The origin of hypercalcemia remains unclear in two patients without bone metastases. 相似文献
32.
94例缺铁性贫血患者的病因分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 :通过对确诊为缺铁性贫血的病例进行病因学分析 ,探讨多病变和恶性肿瘤在缺铁性贫血发病中的重要性。方法 :确诊为缺铁性贫血 (IDA)的患者 94例 ,行大便虫卵检查 ,胃镜、结肠镜或钡餐、钡灌肠 ,腹腔B超 ,女性加做妇科检查及盆腔B超检查 ,找出IDA病因。将 94例患者按病因分类分为单一病因组和多病变组 ,用t检验对两组的Hb、SF值进行比较 ;再分为良性病变组和恶性肿瘤组 ,两组间的Hb、SF值也以t检验进行比较。结果 :94例IDA患者的病因中 ,由单一病因致病者 75 .5 % ,以消化性溃疡 (2 7.7% )和慢性胃炎 (17.0 % )为主 ,月经失血过多(2 0 .2 % )仍是女性患者的主要病因 ;多病变致病者 2 4.5 %。良性病变占 86 .2 % ,消化道恶性肿瘤占 13.8%。各组间Hb值均无显著差别 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但恶性肿瘤组SF值明显高于良性病变组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :良性消化道出血性病变仍是导致IDA的主要原因 ,其次为女性月经过多。但多病变导致缺铁 ,尤其是上下消化道多个失血灶同时存在者 (14.9% )也不少见。恶性肿瘤在IDA病因中有增多趋势。恶性肿瘤致IDA的患者SF较高。 相似文献
33.
Ursula Thiem Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch Wolfgang Kranewitter Gerald Webersinke Wolfgang Enkner Daniel Cejka 《American journal of transplantation》2021,21(1):405-409
Active malignancy is an absolute contraindication to kidney transplantation. As for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a Philadelphia chromosome-positive myeloproliferative neoplasm, the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has transformed CML from a lethal into a manageable chronic disease with a close-to-normal life expectancy. To date it is unknown whether kidney transplantation can be safely performed in patients with pre-existing CML. We describe the clinical course of a 57-year-old male patient with chronic kidney disease caused by reflux nephropathy. This patient had undergone first kidney transplantation 20 years earlier and had again been on chronic hemodialysis for 6 years when CML was diagnosed. First-line therapy with 400 mg imatinib daily was well tolerated and induced an optimal cytogenetic and molecular response 3 months after initiation. One and a half years after CML diagnosis, a second kidney transplantation from a deceased donor was performed. Immunosuppression included basiliximab, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and corticosteroids. Currently, 2 years posttransplant, renal allograft function is stable (serum creatinine 1.09 mg/dL, estimated glomerular filtration rate 75 mL/min per 1.73 m2), and CML remains in deep molecular remission with imatinib. Imatinib-treated CML in deep molecular remission could be regarded as inactive malignancy and may therefore not be viewed as an absolute contraindication to kidney transplantation. 相似文献
34.
Jonathan Kentley Rina Allawh Swati Rao Alden Doyle Amar Ahmad Kumar Nadhan Charlotte Proby Catherine A. Harwood Christina L. Chung 《American journal of transplantation》2021,21(3):1215-1226
Organ transplant recipients (OTRs) are at increased risk of cutaneous malignancy. Skin disorders in OTRs of color (OTRoC) have rarely been systematically assessed. We aimed to ascertain the burden of skin disease encountered in OTRoC by prospectively collecting data from OTRs attending 2 posttransplant skin surveillance clinics: 1 in London, UK and 1 in Philadelphia, USA. Retrospective review of all dermatological diagnoses was performed. Data from 1766 OTRs were analyzed: 1024 (58%) white, 376 (21%) black, 261 (15%) Asian, 57 (3%) Middle Eastern/Mediterranean (ME/M), and 48 (2.7%) Hispanic; and 1128 (64%) male. Viral infections affected 45.1% of OTRs, and were more common in white and ME/M patients (P < .001). Fungal infections affected 28.1% and were more common in ME/M patients (P < .001). Inflammatory skin disease affected 24.5%, and was most common in black patients (P < .001). In addition, 26.4% of patients developed skin cancer. There was an increased risk of skin cancer in white vs nonwhite OTRs (HR 4.4, 95% CI 3.5-5.7, P < .001): keratinocyte cancers were more common in white OTRs (P < .001) and Kaposi sarcoma was more common in black OTRs (P < .001). These data support the need for programs that promote targeted dermatology surveillance for all OTRs, regardless of race/ethnicity or country of origin. 相似文献
35.
David P. Al-Adra Laura Hammel John Roberts E. Steve Woodle Deborah Levine Didier Mandelbrot Elizabeth Verna Jayme Locke Jonathan D'Cunha Maryjane Farr Deirdre Sawinski Piyush K. Agarwal Jennifer Plichta Sandhya Pruthi Deborah Farr Richard Carvajal John Walker Fiona Zwald Thomas Habermann Morie Gertz Philip Bierman Don S. Dizon Carrie Langstraat Talal Al-Qaoud Scott Eggener John P. Richgels George J. Chang Cristina Geltzeiler Gonzalo Sapisochin Rocco Ricciardi Alexander S. Krupnick Cassie Kennedy Nisha Mohindra David P. Foley Kymberly D. Watt 《American journal of transplantation》2021,21(2):460-474
Patients undergoing evaluation for solid organ transplantation (SOT) often have a history of malignancy. Although the cancer has been treated in these patients, the benefits of transplantation need to be balanced against the risk of tumor recurrence, especially in the setting of immunosuppression. Prior guidelines of when to transplant patients with a prior treated malignancy do not take in to account current staging, disease biology, or advances in cancer treatments. To develop contemporary recommendations, the American Society of Transplantation held a consensus workshop to perform a comprehensive review of current literature regarding cancer therapies, cancer stage-specific prognosis, the kinetics of cancer recurrence, and the limited data on the effects of immunosuppression on cancer-specific outcomes. This document contains prognosis based on contemporary treatment and transplant recommendations for breast, colorectal, anal, urological, gynecological, and nonsmall cell lung cancers. This conference and consensus documents aim to provide recommendations to assist in the evaluation of patients for SOT given a history of a pretransplant malignancy. 相似文献
36.
Christina D. Mejia Adam M. Frank Pooja Singh Anju Yadav 《American journal of transplantation》2021,21(3):1322-1325
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) are monoclonal antibodies against inhibitory receptors on T cells resulting in anticancer activity. In kidney transplant (KT) recipients, ICPI use has been associated with acute allograft rejection. In failed allografts, however, the effects of ICPIs are unknown. We present a case of a 66-year-old man with a history of diabetes, renal cell cancer, left native nephrectomy, and end-stage kidney disease. He received a deceased donor KT which failed after 6 years due to biopsy-proven recurrent diabetic nephrosclerosis. He was started on hemodialysis and his immunosuppression was gradually weaned off. A year later, he was diagnosed with renal cell cancer in his right native kidney requiring nephrectomy. He later developed metastasis and was started on combination ICPIs. He developed hematuria, allograft pain, and malaise consistent with graft intolerance syndrome 28 days after starting ICPIs. Urine culture and cystoscopy were normal. A computed tomography scan of his abdomen revealed an enlarged allograft with patchy enhancement. After a multidisciplinary discussion, he underwent transplant nephrectomy. Histopathology showed chronic active T cell–mediated rejection. As ICPI use becomes prevalent, practitioners need to be aware of its potential complications among KT recipients both with functioning and failed allografts. 相似文献
37.
Keith S. Hansen Hila Ghersin Merisa Piper Mehdi Tavakol Brian Lee Laura J. Esserman John P. Roberts Chris Freise Nancy L. Ascher Rita A. Mukhtar 《American journal of transplantation》2021,21(9):3014-3020
Kidney transplantation reduces mortality in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Decisions about performing kidney transplantation in the setting of a prior cancer are challenging, as cancer recurrence in the setting of immunosuppression can result in poor outcomes. For cancer of the breast, rapid advances in molecular characterization have allowed improved prognostication, which is not reflected in current guidelines. We developed a 19-question survey to determine transplant surgeons’ knowledge, practice, and attitudes regarding guidelines for kidney transplantation in women with breast cancer. Of the 129 respondents from 32 states and 14 countries, 74.8% felt that current guidelines are inadequate. Surgeons outside the United States (US) were more likely to consider transplantation in a breast cancer patient without a waiting period (p = .017). Within the US, 29.2% of surgeons in the Western region would consider transplantation without a waiting period, versus 3.6% of surgeons in the East (p = .004). Encouragingly, 90.4% of providers surveyed would consider eliminating wait-times for women with a low risk of cancer recurrence based on the accurate prediction of molecular assays. These findings support the need for new guidelines incorporating individualized recurrence risk to improve care of ESRD patients with breast cancer. 相似文献
38.
电解铝厂职工恶性肿瘤死亡状况回顾性队列研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对某电解铝厂职工恶性肿瘤死亡情况进行了10年回顾性队列研究,以宁夏1990 ̄1992年人口年龄死亡专率为参比,计算了观察队列标化死亡比(SMR)、癌症比例死亡比(PMR和PCMR),观察组肺癌超出量尤为显著,SMR为190(P〈0.01),PCMR为171(P〈0.05)。 相似文献
39.
A literature search was conducted to report all cases of documented transmission of infectious diseases from donors to recipients of corneal transplants. Fourteen such cases have been reported. There is no experimental or clinical evidence to suggest the transmissions of either hepatitis or syphilis via corneal grafting. Available evidence regarding a number of neurologic and other disorders in which a slow virus etiology has been implicated were reviewed. On the basis of this review, we are able to draw certain conclusions and guidelines for selection or rejection of donor material for transplant surgery. 相似文献
40.
G. Francesconi C. Grassi O. Fenili C. Chiocchetti 《European journal of plastic surgery》1981,6(2):135-140
Summary The authors, based on their own experience in this field suggest their own therapeutical view which can be described as follows: a much more frequent use of plastic procedures using sliding flaps from the cheek, associated usually with chondromucosal free grafts from the septum, will give not only much better aesthetic results but also a better guarantee against neoplastic recurrence due to the possibility of being able to carry out a much larger ablation. 相似文献