Validation and Comparison of the Long-Term Prognostic Capability of the SYNTAX Score-II Among 1,528 Consecutive Patients Who Underwent Left Main Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

ObjectivesThis study sought to evaluate the long-term prognostic capacity of the SYNTAX (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) score II (SS-II) and compare it with other risk scores among patients undergoing left main percutaneous coronary intervention (LM-PCI).BackgroundRecently, the SS-II was developed in an attempt to individualize and help the decision-making process between PCI and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in the management of complex coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there is a paucity of data regarding the utility of SS-II in patients undergoing LM-PCI.MethodsData from 1,528 consecutive patients from a single center undergoing unprotected LM-PCI were prospectively collected. The SS-II and other scores were then derived using patients’ baseline clinical characteristics. Patients were stratified according to tertiles of SS-II for PCI: SS-II ≤21 (n = 508), SS-II >21 and ≤28 (n = 480), and >28 (n = 540). Predictive capability for long-term mortality was compared between angiographic scores and scores combining both angiographic and clinical variables.ResultsAt a mean follow-up of 4.4 years, mortality in the first, second, and third SS-II tertiles was 1.8%, 3.5%, and 9.4%, respectively (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed SS-II to be a strong independent predictor of mortality (hazard ratio: 1.76, 95% confidence interval: 1.10 to 2.82; p = 0.02) after LM-PCI. When compared with the angiographic SS, scores combining both clinical and angiographic variables, such as the SS-II, were superior in terms of long-term prognostication.ConclusionsResults of this large series of consecutive patients who underwent unprotected LM-PCI suggested that the SS-II has better long-term prognostic power in terms of mortality compared with the original purely angiographic SS.     

黄元御论治中风对温针灸治疗中风后遗症主穴选择之启示

黄元御诊治疾病的核心思想乃“土枢四象,一气周流”,认为疾病的发生乃因中土轴轮受损、四象升降失司所致。中风发病的总病机为中气衰败、土湿阳衰,治则为补气健中、温阳散寒。温针灸是针刺与灸法的巧妙结合,集艾灸温经散寒、行气通络、扶阳固脱等作用同针刺疏通经络、运行气血、调和阴阳等作用于一体,对寒性病证的治疗较单纯针刺尤具增效作用。将关元、气海、中脘、足三里、三阴交、丰隆、风市、合谷、太冲作为温针灸治疗中风后遗症的主穴,可达助阳暖土、补气活血、祛风疏肝之效。     

发展监管科学，促进细胞治疗产品和技术应用科学规范发展

细胞治疗（包括干细胞）是目前生物医药领域发展最快、最前沿的领域之一。细胞治疗产品是从实验室培养的干细胞、组织和器官中提取的,被注射到病人体内的生物技术产品。在分析国外情况的基础上,认为加强细胞产品制备和临床应用规范管理是势在必行的大事。提出细胞治疗产品和技术的监管科学的5大要素,据此分析了我国发展的3大短板。最后,为加强法规、政策与科学监管体系建设,促进细胞治疗产业和技术发展,提出发展细胞产品和技术应用的监管科学3点建议：一是发展细胞治疗监管科学的顶层设计的设想;二是在发展政策指导下,细胞产品研发体系和质量标准的原则是产业发展的基础和迫在眉睫的任务的问题;三是降低研发风险,明确细胞产品和治疗技术的主体责任。     

左主干病变导致急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死的诊治体会

目的:总结左主干狭窄或闭塞导致急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(AMI)患者的临床特点,并提出其早期诊断和治疗体会.方法:复习我院2年内246例AMI急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的临床资料,其中7例梗死相关血管为左主干,均为男性,年龄36～83岁,所有患者无论是否存在心源性休克,均立即行主动脉内球囊反搏术,并在其支持下尽早接受急诊造影检查.结果:7例患者心电图均存在aVR导联ST段抬高(≥0.05 mV),5例患者同时存在V1 -V6导联ST段抬高及新出现完全右束支传导阻滞,其中4例入院时即存在严重心源性休克,6例急诊置入支架,另1例仅行球囊扩张,并接受急诊冠状动脉旁路移植术,住院期间死亡3例(42.9％),存活患者4例均完成1年随访.其中2例于1月随访时对其LAD进行PCI,1例于3月随访时进行了LAD和LCX的冠状动脉旁路移植术.结论:左主干急性闭塞或严重狭窄所致的AM I患者急性期病死率高;根据心电图和临床特点早期识别梗死部位,早期评估,并且无论是否出现低血压或心源性休克早期行主动脉内球囊反搏术,并在其支持下尽早再灌注治疗,加强术后监护,提高随访质量,可以挽救部分患者的生命和改善预后.     

高龄冠状动脉左主干病变合并心源性休克直接PCI治疗2例并文献复习

目的探讨左主干病变导致急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克的高龄（年龄≥75岁）患者在主动脉内球囊反搏（intra-aortic balloon pump,IABP）支持下经皮冠状动脉介入（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）治疗的可行性。方法回顾性分析2例90岁以上高龄左主干病变合并心源性休克患者在IABP支持下行直接PCI治疗的临床资料并复习相关文献。结果在给予IABP支持下,PCI治疗可恢复灌注以纠正休克,患者血流动力学和神经病学恢复正常,住院期间存活良好。结论在IABP支持下,直接PCI治疗可以拯救高龄患者生命并改善预后,是一种安全有效的临床选择。     

湖北省原料药GMP认证中发现的主要缺陷及建议

目的：为全面理解原料药GMP认证相关标准,提高生产企业对原料药生产规范的认识和检查员的检查水平。方法：对2016年至2017年湖北省原料药现场检查中主要缺陷进行统计分析,对GMP认证中主要缺陷项目进行分类总结。结果与结论：通过共性问题,结合原料药产品的本身特点,建议加强各岗位操作人员培训,落实培训效果;合理设计厂房,加强硬件系统的改造;严格把关物料,做好溶剂回收工作;注重细节,有针对性做好确认与验证工作;文件管理系统化,记录填写规范化;引入风险管理,贯彻执行生产全过程管理;重视变更和偏差管理,提高质量意识;建立职业化检查员队伍。