CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗多发骨转移瘤

目的 评价CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗多发骨转移瘤的临床价值.方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2008年1月来自于第三军医大学西南医院28例经CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗的多发骨转移瘤患者的临床资料,重点总结与分析此类病变的疗效评价.本组共28例,其中男13例,女15例,年龄34～71岁,中位年龄50岁,其中肺腺癌6例,肺鳞状细胞癌、前列腺癌、肾透明细胞癌各4例,肝细胞癌、结肠癌各3例,乳腺癌2例、恶性神经鞘瘤1例、胰腺癌1例.28例转移灶数目为116个,平均每人4.2个.125I粒子活度和数量经北京科霖众医学技术研究所的"三维放射性粒子源植入治疗计划系统V 1. 5"计算获得.在CT导向下按共轴针法将125I粒子植入靶区内.采用临床症状的改善和影像学进行综合疗效评价.结果 28例患者疼痛缓解情况:16例显效,7例有效,5例无效,有效率82.1%,平均术后3～7 d疼痛缓解.2个月后CT复查,116个病灶中局部控制93个,无变化17个,进展6个,总有效率80.2%.术后发现1例累及腰椎神经根(L3～L4)转移性病灶;1例腰椎转移灶在粒子植入,穿刺针途经腰大肌时,引起针道内出血,形成较大椎旁腰大肌血肿;术后2周,2例患者近期出现轻度白细胞下降;术后随访,未见放射性脊髓炎及神经损伤.结论 CT导向下125I粒子植入治疗多发骨转移瘤具有疗效好,创伤小,并发症发生率低等优点,是一种较好的微创治疗方法.     

经导管介入治疗瓦氏窦瘤破裂的临床疗效及其安全性

目的 探讨经导管介入治疗瓦氏窦瘤破裂的临床疗效与安全性.方法 用导管法对1例瓦氏窦瘤(右冠窦)破人右心房患者进行封堵治疗.术后定期随访,复查心脏超声及心电图等,对封堵术前后心脏杂音、各心腔压力、心腔大小变化等进行回顾性分析研究.结果 用12/14 mm的国产PDA封堵器成功封堵.术后即刻心脏杂音消失,右心房、右心室及肺动脉压力分别由术前的21/10、52/2、50/14 mmHg下降为14/5、34/0、33/15 mmHg,左心室内径术前为57 mm,术后第3天复查为49 mm;无并发症发生.结论 经导管介入治疗瓦氏窦瘤破裂是一项安全、有效的新技术,对适合进行介入治疗的患者,可以取代外科手术治疗.     

联合草酸铂经肝动脉灌注治疗复发转移性肝癌

目的：观察草酸铂（奥沙利铂）在肝动脉中灌注治疗复治转移性肝癌的安全性和疗效。方法：对8例复治的转移性肝癌的患者在肝动脉中灌注200mg奥沙利铂,结果：8例患者中,1例患者达到PR,5例患者NC,2例患者PD;毒副反应均为Ⅰ－Ⅱ度,治疗中未出现肾功能的损伤。结论：奥沙利铂动脉灌注是安全的,初步研究证明在肝动脉中灌注有一定疗效。     

金龙胶囊联合肝动脉栓塞化疗治疗胃癌伴肝转移

金龙胶囊是以鲜活药用动物为原料。运用低温冷冻及现代生化技术分离提取工艺制备而成的现代中药，具有抗肿瘤及免疫调节双重作用。上海市东方肝胆外科医院中西医结合科2004年12月～2006年12月应用金龙胶囊联合肝动脉栓塞化疗（transarterial chemoembolization，TACE）治疗胃癌伴肝转移取得满意疗效。     

血管内超声对冠状动脉轻中度狭窄不稳定斑块的检测的临床研究

目的对冠状动脉造影(CAG)显示轻中度狭窄病变进行了血管内超声(IVUS)的检查,识别冠状动脉轻中度狭窄斑块的病变特征及探讨其临床意义。方法患者96例。其中,CAG检查显示冠状动脉轻中度狭窄(直径狭窄率20%～70%)者68例,冠状动脉重度狭窄(直径狭窄率>70%)者28例。所有患者行冠状动脉造影期间同时行血管内超声检查。血管内超声对病变血管分别进行测量外弹力膜内横截面积(EEMCSA)、最小管腔面积(MLA)、斑块面积(EEMCSA-MLA)、斑块负荷(斑块面积/EEMCSA)、纤维帽的厚度、脂核大小、脂核比例、重塑指数(RI)、夹层和血栓的比例等指标。结果所有患者均进行了冠状动脉造影和IVUS检查,在CAG检查中轻度狭窄的病变,在IVUS检查中可见到不稳定斑块的存在。轻中度狭窄组冠状动脉内软斑块、偏心斑块和薄纤维帽多见,正性重构多见而钙化少,斑块破裂的比例明显高于重度狭窄组(P<0.05)。重度狭窄组斑块多表现为硬斑块、钙化、无重构和负性重构(P<0.05)。结论CAG显示轻、中度狭窄的患者进行IVUS检查是必要的。IVUS诊断不稳定斑块有较高的特异性和敏感性,临床上可作为冠状动脉轻中度狭窄病变是否需介入干预的重要依据。     

Clinical application of interventional techniques in the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of various kinds of interventional techniques in the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).Methods Multiple techniques such as recanalization of the inferior vena cava (IVC) under the guidance of marker and multi-angled fluoroscopy, recanalization of the hepatic vein with a transjugular approach, PTA, Z-expandable metallic stent (Z-EMS) implantation and modified TIPSS were used to treat 103 patients with BCS.Hesults Of 103 patients with BCS, 59 patients with obstruction of IVC were treated using recanalization of IVC. Seventeen patients with hepatic vein obstruction had their hepatic veins recanalized. The rest of the patients were given other methods of interventional treatment. Of all the subjects, 101 successfully underwent their procedures, with a success rate of 98.06% ; and only 2 failed to recanalization of the IVC. Fifty-three patients were treated using PTA for the first time, with a success rate of 100%. In the 48 patients undergoing Z-EMS implantation for the first time, the success rate was 95.8%. Five patients were treated with modified TIPSS. After these interventional treatments, the success rate was 100%. Two patients died 16 h and 72 h respectively after operation because of DIC and severe hemoptysis. SevenS-two patients were followed up for 1 -94 months (with a mean of 42. 3 months). The mean follow-up of a BCS patient treated with PTA was 52. 1 months, resulting in a primary patent rate of 59.4% and a restenosis rate of 40. 6%. The mean follow-up of BCS treated with stenting was 33.5 months, with a primary patent rate of 87.5% and a restenosis rate of 12. 5%. Eight patients died 7 -64 months after the interventional procedure.Conclusion Flecanalization of IVC or the hepatic vein transjugularly, PTA, Z-EMS implantation and modified TIPSS can be regarded as safe and effective micro-invasive methods in the treatment of BCS.     

射频消融联合经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗不能切除的原发性肝癌

Background Radiofrequency ablation （RFA） followed by transarterial chemoembolization （TACE） for unresectable primary liver cancer （PLC） has not been widely discussed. In this study, the outcome of the combination of RFA with TACE was retrospectively evaluated. Methods From May 2003 to March 2008, 127 consecutive PLC patients with a median age of 56.4＋8.8 years underwent RFA plus TACE. All patients were deemed to have unresectable PLC based on their tumor characteristics. The maximal diameter of the tumor was between 1.5 cm and 10.0 cm. Twenty-six cases with small （〈3.0 cm）, 33 with medium （3.1-5.0 cm）, and 68 with large （〉5.0 cm） tumors were included in this study. RFA was performed using a RITA Medical Systems expandable electrode device, which was followed by first-time TACE administration one to two months later. Results Technical success of RFA was achieved in all 127 patients with no severe treatment-related complications. RFA was performed percutaneously in 16 （13.5%） cases, by laparoscopic approach in 19 （15.7%）, and through laparotomy in the remaining 92 （72.4%）. RFA response was classified as complete ablation in 48 cases, nearly complete ablation in 28, and partial ablation in 51. The total 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates after RFA were 83.1%, 55.7%, and 43.7%, respectively. The survival rates at 3 years were 78.6%, 28.1%, and 0 for complete ablation, nearly complete ablation, or partial ablation groups, respectively. Three-year disease-free survival rates for the complete ablation and nearly complete ablation groups were 50.3% and 21.3%, respectively. RFA response and liver function were significant variables influencing survival time as analyzed using the Cox regression model. Conclusion RFA could be the first-line exterminate treatment for unresectable PLC, and TACE following RFA may assist in eradicatinq the peripheral viable tissue and micro-metastasis.     

肝癌并阻塞性黄疸介入引流后的近期疗效

目的观察原发性肝癌并阻塞性黄疸行经皮经肝胆道引流术后的近期疗效。方法2005年1月至2009年10月本院16例原发性肝癌并阻塞性黄疸患者行经皮经肝胆道引流术。回顾性统计患者在术前、术后1个月之内转氨酶、白蛋白、胆红素等肝功能指标。并电话随访了全部患者家属以获得生存信息。结果9例患者行胆道内外联合外引流、6例行外引流,1例同时行右肝管内外引流加左肝管外引流。介入术前、后谷丙转氨酶分别是（123.3±69.8）IU/L、（54.1±27.5）IU/L;谷草转氨酶分别是（186.5±149.2）IU/L、（96.8±72.9）IU/L;白蛋白分别是（30.5±3.8）g/L、（27.7±4.3）g/L;总胆红素分别是（368.9±148.1）μmol/L、（218.3±145.7）μmol/L;直接胆红素分别是（272.2±133.2）μmol/L、（141.5±115.7）μmol/L。除白蛋白外,介入手术前后相对应指标之间的差异均具有统计学显著意义（P＆lt;0.05）。患者2月、4月、7月的累计生存率分别为66.7%、22.5%、7.5%。中位生存期3月。结论原发性肝癌并阻塞性黄疸积极行PTBD术,有助于改善患者肝...     

肝细胞癌周围微小病灶的影像诊断与介入治疗

目的:探讨肝细胞癌病灶周围微小病灶的影像诊断及介入治疗效果。方法:由两名有经验的放射学医生共同回顾性分析80例肝细胞癌病灶周围微小病灶的螺旋CT及血管造影表现,并达成一致意见。所有病例均行经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗。结果:80例肝癌患者经螺旋CT或/和DSA造影发现病灶周围微小病灶者37例,其中微小病灶只分布于主灶周围1cm范围内者21例。经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗可栓塞肝细胞癌周围的微小病灶。结论:肝细胞癌病灶周围的微小病灶存在较为广泛,术前准确诊断有利于指导经肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗。     

早期心脏康复对先心病患儿介入术后心功能及运动耐力的影响

目的 探索早期心脏康复在先心病介入术治疗患儿中应用对心功能、运动耐力的影响。方法 在我科2017年1月—2019年8月收诊的先心病介入术治疗患儿中选出100例为研究对象,根据术后护理方法分组,对照组患儿给予常规护理措施,实验组患儿在此基础上给予早期心脏康复护理,对比两组的术后心电监护时间、术后住院时间、心功能、6 min步行距离、生存质量评分等。结果 实验组患儿术后心电监护时间和住院时间均短于对照组,t值分别为6.803、9.369,P＜0.001;术前两组的LVEF、LVED差异无统计学意义,t值分别为0.354、0.380,P值为0.724、0.705,术后12周,两组的LVEF、LVED差异无统计学意义,t值分别为0.666、0.659,P值为0.507、0.511;实验组内LVEF、LVED差异有统计学意义,t值分别是7.841、6.055,P＜0.001,对照组内LVEF、LVED差异有统计学意义,t值分别是7.294、4.871,P＜0.001;术后12周,实验组的6 min步行距离长于对照组,t值为7.617,P＜0.001;术后12周生存质量量表的心脏症状、外貌感受、治疗焦虑、认知心理、交流沟通评分比较:实验组均高于对照组,t值分别是5.133、4.603、4.073、3.843、4.361,P＜0.001。结论 早期心脏康复在先心病介入术患儿中应用效果肯定,有助于促进患儿术后运动耐力的改善,促进患儿术后早日康复,提高生存质量。