复合性国际诊断交谈表3.0中文版在社区应用的信效度评价

目的:采用以社区为基础的研究方法评价世界卫生组织复合性国际诊断交谈表(CIDI-3.0)中文版信度和效度。方法:以大连市精神障碍流行病学调查的社区中202名居民为研究对象,其中经美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版(DSM-Ⅳ)确诊为心境障碍、焦虑障碍、精神分裂症和精神病性障碍共102人为患者组,其余100人为对照组,进行CIDI-3.0访谈以评价效标效度。同时进行CIDI-3.0的调查员一致性及重测信度检查。结果:(1)问卷筛查部分的灵敏度为60.4%~93.1%,特异度为33.6%~92.7%,阳性预测值为60.1%~95.1%,阴性预测值为68.1%~93.7%;(2)问卷各病种诊断部分的特异度为97.1%~98.9%,灵敏度为33.3%~70.3%,阳性预测值为66.7%~95.7%,阴性预测值为87.7%~95.4%;(3)调查员对各类精神障碍阳性诊断一致性的Kappa为值0.78;(4)重测信度kappa值从0.737~1.0。结论:复合性国际诊断交谈表3.0中文版有较好的效标效度和满意的重测信度,筛查部分具有高灵敏度,诊断部分具有高特异度,可以作为精神障碍流行病学研究的筛查和诊断工具。     

综合痉挛量表的信度研究

目的 :测试综合痉挛量表在国内使用的可行性及重复测试信度。方法 :测试 17例脑损伤患者 ,年龄 2 2— 75岁 (5 0 .1± 17.0岁 ) ;发病 2— 37周 (16 .9± 10 .8周 ) ;其中男 11例 ,女 6例 ;颅脑外伤 4例 ,脑卒中 13例 (脑梗塞 6例 ,脑出血 7例 )。由同一位医生在 1周内 2次评定患侧下肢的痉挛 ,内容包括跟腱反射、小腿三头肌的肌张力及踝阵挛。对量表的重复测试信度作等级间相关系数 (ICC)分析。结果 :本组脑损伤患者综合痉挛量表得分的单次测试最低为 8.9± 2 .8分 ,最高为 9.6± 3.2分 ,总体测试为 9.2± 0 .3分 ,属于轻度痉挛。同一天重复测试的ICC分别为 0 .96— 0 .99(第 1天 ) ,0 .95— 0 .99(第 2天 ) ,2次总体ICC为 0 .94— 0 .99。结论 :综合痉挛量表内容简单 ,评定标准清楚 ,重复测试信度良好 ,适用于国内脑损伤患者下肢痉挛的评定     

RADS抑郁量表的修订

本文报导应用ＲｅｙｎｏｌｄｓＡｄｏｌｅｓｃｅｎｔＤｅｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎｓｃａｌｅ（ＲＡＤＳ）抑郁量表在全国７省市对３９０５名中学生测量的结果，量表重测相关系数为０．７９、Ｃｒｏｎｂｅｃｈα系数为０．８８、分半信度相关系数为０．８８；与流调中心用抑郁量表（ＣＥＳ－Ｄ）的相关系数为０．８４；因子分析结果表明该量表有较好的结构效度。     

Assessing health-related quality of life in adolescents: some psychometric properties of the first Norwegian version of KINDL

The study presented in this paper is part of a larger Norwegian investigation among adolescents, where the overall aim is to develop methods to promote their quality of life (QoL), to discover risk factors or threats to adolescents' well-being, and finally to prevent the negative effects of such factors. An adequate generic health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) measure is therefore needed. However, only a limited number of well validated instruments that measure HR-QoL in adolescents exist, and to date only a few has been translated into Norwegian. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine some psychometric properties of the first Norwegian version of a simple, generic, German HR-QoL questionnaire for adolescents, KINDL. The instrument consists of 24-items, distributed in six subscales, which correspond to six domains of adolescents' HR-QoL. Based on a sample of 239 healthy adolescents, the internal consistency reliability is satisfactory for both the total scale and the subscales of 'Self-esteem and Family', fairly good for the 'Emotional' subscale, but lower for the subscales 'Physical', 'Friends' and 'School'. Factor analyses, which concerns construct validity, yielded interpretable solutions. The factor solutions at item level were interpreted to be in line with the original subscales, while factor analysis at subscale level indicated that a common QoL core is involved. To conclude, the Norwegian version of KINDL appears, in general, to be a psychometrically acceptable method of measuring HR-QoL in healthy adolescents. However, the alpha-values of some of the subscales are not optimal, and these scales should be used with caution in research and profession. Still KINDL-N is considered suitable for screening purposes in the public health area and especially within school-health care.     

Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale: refinement and psychometric testing

AIMS: This paper describes a study to further develop and test the psychometric properties of the Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale, including reliability and construct and criterion validity. BACKGROUND: Numerous scales have been developed to measure nurses' job satisfaction. Only one, the Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale, has been designed specifically to measure job satisfaction of home healthcare nurses. The Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale is based on a theoretical model that integrates the findings of empirical research related to job satisfaction. METHODS: A convenience sample of 340 home healthcare nurses completed the Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale and the Mueller and McCloskey Satisfaction Scale, which was used to test criterion validity. Factor analysis was used for testing and refinement of the theory-based assignment of items to constructs. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha internal consistency reliability coefficients. The data were collected in 2003. RESULTS: Nine factors contributing to home healthcare nurses' job satisfaction emerged from the factor analysis and were strongly supported by the underlying theory. Factor loadings were all above 0.4. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for each of the nine subscales ranged from 0.64 to 0.83; the alpha for the global scale was 0.89. The correlations between the Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale and Mueller and McCloskey Satisfaction Scale was 0.79, indicating good criterion-related validity. CONCLUSIONS: The Home Healthcare Nurses' Job Satisfaction Scale has potential as a reliable and valid scale for measurement of job satisfaction of home healthcare nurses.     

The Home Visit

The home visit has become a integral part of treatment programs for a large number of patients at the Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital. It is especially useful for elderly patients, who represent a considerable share of the caseload, and has proven to be most beneficial for those individuals who are returning home to live alone or be alone part of the day. At Spaulding the hyome visit is most often conducted by an occupational and physical therapist team who follow a specific evaluation protocol examining the patient's home environment vis-à-vis anticipated functional status at discharge. Recommendations and suggestions for both use patterns and possible structural changes follow. In order to both evaluate the process and the results of home visits a chart audit was conducted from which various ways have been discovered to improve the value of this treatment activity and thereby enhance a patient's quality of life after discharge.     

The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test and Its Shortened Form: A Meta-Analytic Inquiry Into Score Reliability

Meta-analytic methods provide a framework around which an inquiry into MAST and SMAST score reliability was completed. Of the 470 measurement opportunities observed between 1971 and 2005, 62 (13.2%) were coupled with accurate reliability information. Weighted reliability estimates centered on. 80 suggesting that the MAST and SMAST generally produce scores of similar and adequate reliability for most research purposes. However, the variability of internal consistency estimates shows that at times these tools will not produce reliable scores, particularly among female and nonclinical respondents. Multiple regression equations provide practical guidelines to improve reliability estimates for the future use of these instruments.