Prevalence of insomnia symptoms: results from an urban district in Ankara,Turkey

Objective. Characteristics of insomnia symptoms in Turkey are not well established. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of insomnia and related symptoms in an urban district of Turkey. Method. The study was carried out in Ankara, in an urban district with a population of 2665. Out of the 1332 people in the sample, 1034 in the 15–65 age range were included in the study. Interviews were conducted according to the “Sleep Disorders Assessment Questionnaire” developed by the researchers. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was also given to the subjects with a sleep problem to measure the subjective quality and quantity of insomnia symptoms. Results and conclusion. A total of 29.4% of all participants reported a sleep problem, out of which 23.7% defined one or more of the insomnia symptoms which included difficulty initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS), early morning awakening (EMA), non-restorative sleep (NRS) and sleep deprivation (SD). Insomnia risk was found to be significantly increased with age, female sex, smoking and chronic medical illness. A total of 75.9% of participants who reported insomnia symptoms did not seek medical help for their complaint. According to the ISI, among the subjects with insomnia symptoms, 79 (32.2%) had subthreshold insomnia, 43 (17.6%) had clinical insomnia, 12 (4.9%) had severe clinical insomnia, while 88 (35.9%) did not score in the range indicating insomnia. The findings are discussed in the light of previous research and in relation to sociocultural factors emphasizing the need for public education on sleep disorders as medical conditions.     

An investigation of sleep patterns in adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder compared with typically developing adolescents

Objective: To investigate the sleep patterns and disturbances in a pure sample of adolescents with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HFASD).

Method: Adolescents completed a sleep questionnaire battery and a 7 d sleep diary. Actigraphic data were collected from a sub-sample of participants (55%) with HFASD and all typically developing (TD) adolescents.

Results: Adolescents with HFASD were three times more likely to report a sleep problem than their TD peers (46.2% vs. 14.8%). Adolescents with HFASD had decreased sleep efficiency (diary) (p?=?0.04, η^2?=?0.10), and more fatigue (p?=?0.002, η^2?=?0.18) compared with TD adolescents. While TD adolescents generally experienced one symptom of insomnia, adolescents with HFASD were likely to experience two or three symptoms of insomnia (p?=?0.02, V?=?0.36).

Conclusion: The findings suggest that adolescents with HFASD show a continuation of the maladaptive sleep patterns as seen in children with an autism spectrum disorder and these sleep disturbances are associated with increased daytime sleepiness.     

刮痧联合拔罐改善心脾两虚型失眠患者睡眠质量的效果

目的探讨刮痧联合拔罐改善心脾两虚型失眠患者睡眠质量的疗效。方法将60例心脾两虚型失眠患者随机分为西药组及中医组各30例,西药组给予口服艾司唑仑片治疗,中医组采用刮痧联合拔罐治疗。连续治疗8周后,比较两组睡眠质量改善效果。结果治疗后,中医组匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)得分显著低于西药组,临床疗效显著优于西药组(P0.01,P0.05)。结论刮痧联合拔罐改善心脾两虚型失眠患者睡眠效果优于西药治疗,中医外治法合用可增强安眠效果。     

耳穴贴压配合辨证护理治疗围绝经期失眠临床观察

目的观察耳穴贴压配合中医辨证护理对围绝经期失眠患者的临床疗效。方法将106例围绝经期失眠患者辨证分型后以皮质下穴、交感穴、垂前穴以及神门穴作为主穴,以心、肝、脾、胃、肾、胆以及大肠作为配穴,对患者进行耳穴贴压和护理干预;利用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)对患者治疗前后睡眠状况进行评价,利用焦虑自评量表(SAS)以及抑郁自评量表(SDS)对患者治疗前后焦虑情绪以及抑郁状态进行评价,比较患者治疗前后的PSQI、SAS和SDS评分。结果利用耳穴贴压配合中医辨证护理干预围绝经期失眠的总有效率为93.4%,干预后患者的各项睡眠质量评分相对于治疗前来说均明显降低,同时,患者干预后的负性情绪评分相对于干预前来说也明显降低(均P0.05)。结论应用耳穴贴压配合中医辨证护理干预可明显改善围绝经期失眠患者的睡眠状况,值得进一步在临床推广。     

艾司唑仑治疗失眠症临床疗效及安全性的网状Meta分析

目的 运用网状meta分析探究艾司唑仑、右佐匹克隆、佐匹克隆、米氮平、米氮平联合艾司唑仑在调节失眠症患者匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、睡眠障碍评定量表（SDRS）、睡眠自评量表（SRSS）、阿森斯失眠量表（AIS）、药物不良反应（TESS）的差异。方法 收集截止至2016年11月CNKI、维普、万方、Pubmed数据库中上述药物在治疗失眠症患者的临床试验资料,文章质量评估用Jadad评分,研究结果的分析用Gemtc 14.3、Stata 13、RevMan 5.3软件。结果 纳入13篇研究,Meta分析发现：与艾司唑仑相比,米氮平联合艾司唑仑的PSQI较低[WMD=-6.67,95% CI （-8.38,-4.96）,P<0.000 01];米氮平联合艾司唑仑的AIS较低[WMD=-3.73,95% CI （-4.51,-2.95）,P<0.000 01];佐匹克隆的SDRS较低[WMD=-2.50,95% CI （-3.71,-1.28）,P<0.000 1]。间接网状meta分析显示：SDRS依次为艾司唑仑>右佐匹克隆>佐匹克隆;AIS依次为艾司唑仑>佐匹克隆>米氮平联合艾司唑仑;TESS依次为艾司唑仑>佐匹克隆>右佐匹克隆。结论 艾司唑仑降低失眠患者SDRS、AIS、TESS均不具备明显优势,网状meta分析方法发掘药物疗效与安全性具有一定的参考价值。     

“更眠安汤”治疗肾阴虚型女性更年期失眠的临床疗效

目的 :观察自拟"更眠安汤"治疗肾阴虚型更年期失眠的临床疗效。方法 :选择2012年6月至2014年3月以失眠为主诉的女性更年期综合征患者36例,给予"更眠安汤"治疗,4周为1个疗程,共服用2个疗程。采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表和中医证候积分评估患者治疗第4周和第8周时的临床疗效,并进行比较。结果 :治疗第4周和第8周时的总有效率分别为86.11%(31/36)和91.67%(33/36),主要睡眠指标较治疗前均有改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);除夜间多梦指标外,治疗第8周时较第4周的其余睡眠指标均更佳,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 :"更眠安汤"治疗女性更年期失眠症疗效确切,治疗8周的临床疗效更显著。     

Insomnia and its associated factors in incarcerated adults: A cross‐sectional study

No evidence exists in the literature concerning the prevalence of insomnia and its associated risk factors among prison inmates in Taiwan. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with insomnia among inmates in a large prison in Taiwan. A cross‐sectional anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted at a prison. The participants were 1490 male inmates. Participants completed the self‐reported Insomnia Severity Index–Chinese version questionnaire, and the sociodemographic and psychological distress questionnaires for the study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze and compare the differences between inmates with and without insomnia. The prevalence of insomnia was 26.9%. The study determined that anxiety, self‐rated health status, and religious beliefs were independent predictors of insomnia in male inmates. Given the adverse effect of insomnia and its social consequences, it is crucial to develop prevention programs to mitigate insomnia in inmates.     

Sleep problems as a risk factor for fall in community-dwelling older persons

Background: Falls cause serious problems for the elderly. Sleep problems impair the control of postural balance and cause falls, and lack of sleep induces sleepiness, which in turn causes inattentiveness. The present study aims to clarify the relation between sleep disorders and falls among the community-dwelling elderly and to determine whether or not sleep disorder is an independent risk factor for falls.

Methods:

Methods: Of 2274 community-dwelling persons aged 65 and older who participated in the first study in July 1998, 1771 (77.9%) who responded to the questions concerning sleep disorders were the subjects in the present study.

Results:

Results: There were 1521 persons (85.9%) who had not experienced any fall during the past year, 194 (11.0%) who had one or two falls, 27 (1.5%) had three to four falls and 29 (1.6%) had more than five falls. The relation between the history of falls and the sleep problems indicates that the odds ratio for the history of falls was significantly higher if the nocturnal sleep disorder was more intense ( P < 0.001) and the sleep hours during the day were longer ( P < 0.01). In order to determine the independent risk factors for falls, the general linear model analysis was conducted using the significantly different background. The nocturnal sleep problems ( F = 4.05; P = 0.018), the daytime sleep ( F = 4.17; P = 0.016) and nocturnal sleep problems and interaction between (*) daytime sleep ( F = 2.54; P = 0.038) were significant independent explanatory variables as the age ( F = 14.4; P < 0.001), difficulty in walking ( F = 4.30; P = 0.038), history of stroke ( F = 64.1; P < 0.001) and arthralgia ( F = 5.31; P = 0.021).

Conclusion:

Conclusion: The data emphasize that the sleep disorder is closely related to falls.