妊娠高血压综合征孕妇血浆一氧化氮和内皮素的变化及其意义

目的：探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）和内皮素（Ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ，ＥＴ）在妊高征发病中的变化及其病理意义。方法：用分光光度法和放射免疫法分别定量检测正常妊娠３０例（对照组）和妊高征３７例（妊高征组）血浆ＮＯ和ＥＴ的变化。结果：妊高征组血浆ＮＯ水平低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＥＴ水平则高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；妊高征组分娩前后相比，ＮＯ水平分娩后升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＥＴ水平则下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＮＯ、ＥＴ呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＮＯ、ＥＴ与平均动脉压均有显著相关性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＮＯ与ＥＴ在妊高征的发病机制中有重要作用，ＥＴ／ＮＯ失衡可以反映妊高征的病变程度，其病理变化在某种程度上呈可逆性。     

妊高征患者的胎儿血流速度波形改变特点研究

目的：研究妊高征患者的胎儿脐动脉、肾动脉以及大脑中动脉的血流速度波形的变化特点。方法：妊高征患者９６例，正常妊娠１４８例，于产前１周内行彩色多普勒超声检测胎儿脐动脉、肾动脉和大脑中动脉的搏动指数（ＰＩ），产后随访新生儿预后。结果：随着妊高征的加剧，胎儿脐动脉和肾动脉的ＰＩ上升，大脑中动脉的ＰＩ则改变不明显。在围产儿预后良好和不良的两组中，随着妊高征的加重，胎儿脐动脉、肾动脉和大脑中动脉的ＰＩ均有上升的趋势，但预后不良组的改变比对照组明显。按正常妊娠和轻度、中度、重度妊高征分成４组，胎儿窘迫者脐动脉和肾动脉的ＰＩ上升，大脑中动脉的ＰＩ下降。结论：妊高征和胎儿窘迫对胎儿脐动脉和肾动脉的血流波形改变有协同作用，对大脑中动脉的改变有阻抗作用     

妊高征患者合体滋养细胞质膜部分生化指标的变化

目的：研究妊高征（ＰＩＨＳ）患者胎盘合体滋养细胞质膜（ＳＴＣＰＭ）中生化指标的变化及原因。方法：ＰＩＨＳ２４例，其中轻度８例、中度７例、重度９例，以正常孕妇１８例作对照，用Ｗｈｉｔｓｅｔ等法制备ＳＴＣＰＭ，以孔雀石绿无机磷法（ＭＧＩｏＰＡ）测定ＡＴＰａｓｅ的活性，用ＤＰＨ荧光探针测定膜的微粘度来推断膜的流动性，用硫代巴比妥酸荧光微量测定法测丙二醛酸（ＭＤＡ）以代表脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）。结果：ＰＩＨＳ组Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ、Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性均显著低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），且随病情加重而降低，膜的流动性亦显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＭＤＡ则显著增高，且随病情加重而增高；ＭＤＡ与两种ＡＴＰ酸呈负相关关系（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＰＩＨＳ的ＳＴＣＰＭ生化指标发生变化，其变化的原因之一是脂质过氧化作用增强     

小鼠四诊采集项目标准的建议

辨证论治机理实验研究主要采用的是小鼠.通过我们长期的研究和观察,初步建立了小鼠四诊采集项目标准.该标准主要有四部分内容:(1)类似于问诊采集的内容,包括一般情况、始病和治疗经过、饮食情况、脏腑病位;(2)闻诊采集的内容;(3)望诊采集的内容,包括自然望诊、胖瘦、小鼠旷场自主活动计数、爪和尾显微拍照后计算机图像处理等内容,涉及类似望形体状况、望形体虚实、望形体神、望形体寒热、望运动步态、望精力、望毛色虚实、望呼吸状况、望眼神、望耳、望鼻、望唇、望腹、望二阴、望大便、望小便、望爪、望尾、望睡眠、爪和尾显微观察等;(4)切诊采集的内容,包括体温、肿块检测、脉的至数与节律、肤之温凉、肌力等.同时,还对是否可以实现小鼠的四诊以及如何开展四诊进行了理论分析.     

In situ and immunocytochemical localization of E-FABP mRNA and protein during neuronal migration and differentiation in the rat brain

The present study compares the temporal-spatial expression and tissue localization of the rat epidermal type fatty acid binding protein (E-FABP) (DA11/C-FABP/S-FABP/LEBP/KLBP) in the developing rat central nervous system (CNS). In situ hybridization (ISH) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) studies demonstrate that mRNA E-FABP and protein are expressed at high levels during neurogenesis, neuronal migration, and terminal differentiation. Migrating pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex, Purkinje cells and deep nuclear neurons in the cerebellum, and neurons in the olfactory bulb and retina exhibited a strong E-FABP-like immunoreactivity (E-FABP-LI) throughout the entire process of differentiation and migration. The levels of E-FABP mRNA and protein were dramatically higher in prenatal and early postnatal neurons, as compared to adult neurons. The E-FABP antibody immunoreacted with growing neurites, and nuclear and cytoplasmic regions of neurons. The intracellular multiregional pattern of localization of E-FABP and its differential temporal expression during development, are consistent with its proposed role in transporting long chain free fatty acids and/or other hydrophobic ligands during neuronal differentiation and axon growth.     

Regions in the brainstem and frontal cortex where electrical stimulation elicits parotid and submandibular saliva secretion in sheep

Tau proteins are encoded by a single gene which is regulated by a unique promoter. The proximal 196 base pairs of the tau 5′ flanking region confers tau protein with neuronal specific expression and nerve growth factor inducibility. We tested tau promoter activity in neuronally differentiated embryonal carcinoma cells, the P19 mouse blastoderm cell line. In these experiments, we examined the temporal expression pattern of the tau promoter and compared it to other viral and cellular promoters. Tau promoter activity increases significantly with differentiation, specifically during neurite initiation. In addition, tau promoter activity in neuronally differentiated P19 cells was significantly greater than all five of the other neuronal or non neuronal promoters tested. All other promoters displayed low levels of promoter activity throughout retinoic acid induced neuronal differentiation of P19 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that the tau promoter is a good choice for ectopic expression of exogenous genes in P19 cells, which serves as a differentiating neuronal model system.     

Adult ovary transfer counteracts the callosal enlargement resulting from prepubertal ovariectomy

The rat corpus callosum (CC) is larger in males than females, and is sensitive to hormone manipulations during development. Previous research found that, in rats, CC sensitivity to testosterone ended by postnatal day 8 (P8). In contrast, more recent findings demonstrated that CC responsivity to ovarian hormones continued at least through P70. The current experiment extends these findings by showing that the female callosum is still sensitive to ovarian hormones as late as P130, well into adulthood.     

皮脂腺细胞体外培养及生长调节的研究进展

皮脂腺是皮肤重要的附属器。皮脂腺体外培养模型的建立为研究相关因子如细胞因子、生长激素及药物等对皮脂腺形态功能、生长发育及病理改变的作用提供了良好的平台。本文对皮脂腺细胞体外培养的实验方法、体外生长特性及影响皮脂腺细胞增殖分化的相关因素作简要综述。     

Hypospadias and urethral development

PURPOSE: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly that may be treated with surgical reconstruction. In the majority of cases the etiology remains elusive. Although androgens are clearly critical for penile development, defects in androgen metabolism and/or the androgen receptor explain only a small subset of cases of hypospadias. Strategies are presented for understanding the etiology of hypospadias. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Current scientific reports on the etiology of hypospadias were reviewed, and the embryology and possible mechanisms of urethral and penile formation are presented. RESULTS: A new theory of glandular human urethral development via endodermal cellular differentiation is proposed to replace the classic explanation of ectodermal intrusion. CONCLUSIONS: Careful studies of penile and urethral development have led to a better understanding of genital embryology. Future areas of study, such as endocrine disrupters, mesenchymal-epithelial interactions and mechanisms of penile growth, are proposed to explain the etiology of hypospadias.     

监测血清尿酸值预测妊高征的临床意义(附562例临床分析)

目的　探讨血清尿酸预测妊高征的临床意义。方法　 1998年 8月至 2 0 0 2年 8月检测 562例孕妇在孕 2 8、3 2、3 6、3 8周及临产时肾功能。结果　临产时妊高征患者血清尿酸显著高于正常孕妇 (P <0 0 0 1) ,并从妊娠 3 2周开始其含量逐渐升高 ,妊娠 3 4周以后轻、中、重度妊高征间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5)。结论　血清尿酸含量的测定对了解妊高征的病情具有重要意义 ,监测晚孕血清尿酸值可预测妊高征的发生