复方氨酚烷胺片中胆红素的HPLC测定

建立了HPLC法测定复方氨酚烷胺片中胆红素。采用C18柱，甲醇-氯仿-1％磷酸（80：12：8）为流动相，检测波长449nm。胆红素的线性范围为0．008-0．08μg（r=0．9999），平均回收率101．2％。     

Resting energy expenditure in obese children aged 4 to 15 years: measured versus predicted data

AIM: To measure the relationship of resting energy expenditure (REE) and body composition, and to compare REE data calculated from anthropometric parameters using published equations with measurements obtained by indirect calorimetry (IC) in a population of obese paediatric patients. METHODS: The study included 82 healthy obese paediatric subjects (49 boys, 33 girls; body mass index 29.6 +/- 5.0 kg/m , age 1 1.4 +/- 2.6 y, weight 72.4 +/- 20.9 kg, height 155 +/- 14 cm). REE was measured by IC, body composition was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bootstrap analysis was performed to validate the step-down linear regression analysis results. RESULTS: Lean body mass (LBM) and weight were identified as the most significant determinants of REE. LBM was the best single predictor (r = 0.78; p < 0.001) for REE. Regression equations are given in the text. Prediction of REE on the basis of published anthropometric formulas was strongly dependent from the equation used. Some equations tend to underestimate REE in the population studied with a considerable systematic error. CONCLUSION: In the present paper we show that (1) the published equations to predict REE in obese subjects yield scattered data and some are even biased by a systematic error, and that (2) the inclusion of DXA-derived LBM improves accuracy and precision of predicted REE in boys and girls aged from 4 to 10 y and in boys from 11 to 15 y.     

Dengue virus infection in travellers returning to Berlin, Germany: clinical, laboratory, and diagnostic aspects

BACKGROUND: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection endemic throughout the tropics and subtropics. The global prevalence of dengue has grown dramatically in recent years and it has been recognized as a potential hazard to tourists. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we analyzed the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory features and serological/virological results in a series of German travellers returning to Berlin with acute dengue virus infection. STUDY DESIGN: Laboratory-confirmed dengue virus infections among German travellers returning to Berlin were studied retrospectively during the period of 1993-2001. Seventy-one patients tested positive for dengue fever and were included in this study. RESULTS: The majority of patients (77.5%) contracted the disease in South Central and South East Asia. The most important clinical characteristics were fever and prostration (100%), headache, predominantly frontal or retroorbital (86%), arthralgia (79%), morbilliform rash (66%) and myalgia (48%). The most meaningful laboratory results were: marked leucopenia (72%), thrombocytopenia (70-89%), hyponatremia (41%) and increased hepatic enzymes ALAT (41%), ASAT (45%) and LDH (62%). Dengue virus infection was diagnosed by means of a matching clinico-epidemiological history and positivity of specific serology and/or virus isolation. Hemorrhagic phenomena appeared in 10 of the 71 patients (14%), out of which one was diagnosed with DHF according to WHO criteria. All patients recovered fully. CONCLUSION: Pretravel advice should be given to all travellers to dengue-endemic areas. DF must be included in the differential diagnosis of patients returning febrile from tropical areas.     

Effect of ibuprofen on bilirubin-albumin binding

Ibuprofen is used for closing the ductus arteriosus in premature newborn infants. Ibuprofen interferes with bilirubin-albumin binding and increases the unbound bilirubin in pooled newborn plasma to levels similar to those produced by sulfisoxazole, a drug that causes kernicterus in premature newborn infants.     

妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症孕妇肝功能指标与围生儿预后的关系

目的探讨妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症(ICP)孕妇肝功能指标与围生儿预后的关系。方法对本院收治的166例ICP孕妇肝功能指标及围生儿预后进行回顾性分析。结果孕妇血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)及胆红素水平升高者胎儿窘迫及羊水粪染发生率增加,新生儿体质量及Apgar评分均与胆红素水平有关。孕妇血清胆汁酸(TBA)升高程度与羊水粪染及胎儿窘迫率无关,其他肝功能指标、脐动脉S/D比值及瘙痒时间的长短也与胎儿预后无关。结论ICP孕妇妊娠期ALT、AST及胆红素水平升高者胎儿预后不佳,必须高度重视,通过公式计算可以预测围生儿预后,适时剖宫产终止妊娠将明显改善围生儿预后。     

SCR氧化法测定血清胆红素的质量评价

目的 :评价 SCR氧化法测定血清中总胆红素和直接胆红素。方法 :测定精密性、准确性、抗干扰性及与改良 J- G法的相关性。结果 :总、直接胆红素的精密度分别为批内 CV 0 .76 %与 0 .86 % ,日间 CV为 1.0 0 %和 1.2 6 % ;平均回收率为总胆红素 10 0 .4 % ,直接胆红素 98.6 % ;与改良 J- G法的相关性为 :总胆红素 Y(SCR) =0 .96 3X(改良 J- G) +0 .16 6 ,r=0 .998,直接胆红素 :Y(SCR) =1.0 0 3X(改良 J- G) - 0 .0 90 ,r=0 .998;血红蛋白浓度和甘油三酯在 5g/ L和 8.0 0 m mol/ L以下无干扰。结论 :该法准确、稳定、简单、快速 ,完全可以满足临床应用。     

Increased tight junction permeability: a possible mechanism of oestrogen cholestasis

Ethinyl oestradiol increased rat biliary permeability for 3H-inulin and 14C-sucrose, and significantly raised serum concentrations of bile acids after 3 and 7 days' treatment (P less than 0.0005) and bilirubin after 7 days (P less than 0.005) but not after 3 days. Following intravenous infusion of bromsulphthalein or phenolphthalein, ethinyl oestradiol-treated rats had elevated plasma concentrations of the three bile constituents, bromsulphthalein (P less than 0.0005 after 3 and 7 days), bromsulphthalein-glutathione conjugate (P less than 0.005 after 3 days; P less than 0.0005 after 7 days) and phenolphthalein glucuronide (P less than 0.005 after 3 days; P less than 0.0005 after 7 days), but the plasma concentration of unconjugated phenolphthalein, which was undetectable in bile, was unchanged. Similar changes followed partial biliary obstruction produced by bile cannula elevation. This pattern suggests that biliary constituents are refluxing from bile to plasma via the paracellular pathway, a concept further supported by structural changes in tight junction morphology in the oestrogen-treated rats. 'Leakiness' of canalicular tight junctions may explain the pathophysiology of oestrogen-induced cholestasis.     

POSTNATAL CHANGES IN THE ABILITY OF PLASMA ALBUMIN TO BIND BILIRUBIN

ABSTRACT. The plasma concentrations of total albumin, unconjugated bilirubin and reserve albumin for bilirubin binding were determined in 407 healthy infants of various age up to eight days. The albumin reserve was measured using monoacetyldiaminodiphenyl-sulfone (MADDS) as a deputy ligand for bilirubin. The fraction of albumin capable of binding bilirubin was calculated as the sum of the concentrations of bilirubin and reserve albumin, divided by the total albumin concentration. Our data showed that this fraction was low (average 0.36) and did not change during the first 24 hours of life, and in this period it was independent of the maturity of the infant, as expressed by its birth weight or gestational age. From about 24 hours of life, the fraction began to increase. This increase came to an end about 60 hours after birth, and no further changes were seen during the following five days. The level of the bilirubin-binding fraction reached 60 hours after birth was related to the maturity of the infant: It increased with increasing birth weight up to 3000 g and with increasing gestational age up to 275 days, when on an average it was about 0.58. The fraction of binding albumin was independent of the sex.     

Glucuronidation in Cultures of Human Skin Epithelial Cells

Abstract. Glucuronidation of p-aminophenol, p-nitrophenol and bilirubin has been investigated in cultures of human skin epithelial cells (HE cells) and human skin fibroblasts (FB) and in homogenates from the same cells. HE cells in culture glucoronidated p-aminophenol and p-nitrophenol at rates of about 5 and 10 nmol/mg cell protein per h respectively. Bilirubin was not conjugated by HE cells. In homogenates from HE cells supplemented with UDP glucuronic acid (UDPGA) both p-aminophenol and p-nitrophenol were glucuronidated at about the same rate as by living cells in culture. Assuming that the transferase activity is the same in the whole cells compared to the homogenates, transferase activity and not UDPGA production may be the limiting factor in glucuronidation of p-aminophenol and p-nitrophenol in these cells. The glucuronidation rate of HE cells was not increased by benzpyrene or benzanthrazene. FB did not glu-curonidate p-aminophenol, p-nitrophenol or bilirubin.