约氏疟原虫感染不同小鼠免疫分子的应答差异

目的探讨在约氏疟原虫感染过程中不同宿主的免疫应答差异。方法以约氏疟原虫（致死型）感染DBA／2和BALB／c小鼠，计算红细胞感染率；收集感染前和感染后1、3、6、9、12、15、20d小鼠血清，并无菌取出脾脏，培养脾细胞。应用ELISA试剂盒检测小鼠血清中IFN-γ和IL-12水平，并通过Griess方法检测脾细胞培养上清中NO含量。结果DBA／2小鼠的原虫血症峰值水平明显低于BALB／c小鼠，并于感染后第20d左右自愈；BALB／c小鼠于原虫血症达到峰值水平后全部死亡；DBA／2小鼠的IFN-γ和IL-12水平于感染后1d即出现了有意义的升高并持续到第20d；BALB／c小鼠的IFN-γ和IL-12水平仅干感染后1d出现了有意义的升高；DBA／2小鼠NO的产生于感染后3d出现了有意义的升高，第6d达到峰值，而BALB／c小鼠的NO水平始终未见明显升高。结论DBA／2小鼠通过感染早期Th1细胞免疫应答的有效建立能够抑制原虫血症，IL-12是启动并维持Th1细胞免疫应答的关键性细胞因子。     

高脂血症对血浆t-PA和PAI-1活性的影响

目的 探讨高脂血症患者的纤溶系统的变化。方法 选取正常人及高脂血症者，测定其血脂、血浆t—PA和PAI-1活性。结果 高脂血症组比正常人血浆t—PA活性下降，而PAI-1的活性有升高；在TG及LDL-C升高者，其血浆t—PA活性比正常人血浆t—PA活性降低，而血浆PAI-1活性比正常人升高；单纯TC升高者血浆PAI-1活性接近正常人组，而血浆t—PA活性比正常人组明显降低。结论 高脂血症对纤溶系统有一定的影响，其中甘油三酯和LDL-C对纤溶系统的影响更明显，而胆固醇对纤溶系统也有一定的影响。     

An animal model of chronic inflammatory pain: pharmacological and temporal differentiation from acute models.

Clinically, inflammatory pain is far more persistent than that typically modelled pre-clinically, with the majority of animal models focussing on short-term effects of the inflammatory pain response. The large attrition rate of compounds in the clinic which show pre-clinical efficacy suggests the need for novel models of, or approaches to, chronic inflammatory pain if novel mechanisms are to make it to the market. A model in which a more chronic inflammatory hypersensitivity phenotype is profiled may allow for a more clinically predictive tool. The aims of these studies were to characterise and validate a chronic model of inflammatory pain. We have shown that injection of a large volume of adjuvant to the intra-articular space of the rat knee results in a prolonged inflammatory pain response, compared to the response in an acute adjuvant model. Additionally, this model also results in a hypersensitive state in the presence and absence of inflammation. A range of clinically effective analgesics demonstrate activity in this chronic model, including morphine (3mg/kg, t.i.d.), dexamethasone (1mg/kg, b.i.d.), ibuprofen (30mg/kg, t.i.d.), etoricoxib (5mg/kg, b.i.d.) and rofecoxib (0.3-10mg/kg, b.i.d.). A further aim was to exemplify the utility of this chronic model over the more acute intra-plantar adjuvant model using two novel therapeutic approaches; NR2B selective NMDA receptor antagonism and iNOS inhibition. Our data shows that different effects were observed with these therapies when comparing the acute model with the model of chronic inflammatory joint pain. These data suggest that the chronic model may be more relevant to identifying mechanisms for the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain states in the clinic.     

2005～2007年我国非甾体抗炎药市场应用分析

目的：以骨骼肌肉系统使用非甾体抗炎药物为例，分析该类药物在2005～2007年的销售数量、销售金额及生产厂家风云榜。方法：采用药物分类累加的方法统计2005～2007年非甾体抗炎药的销售数量和金额排序，并对前10位药品销售数量和金额对比，及前10位厂家对比。结果：双氯芬酸稳居销售榜首，美洛昔康、布洛芬等药物位居其后。结论：新一代的非甾体抗炎药已经占据主要市场，各类药物各有特色，但是仍需注意其消化系统及心血管系统的不良反应。     

Adeno-Associated Viral Vector-Mediated Interleukin-10 Prolongs Allograft Survival in a Rat Kidney Transplantation Model

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of immune responses. Hence, we evaluated the effects of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector 1 (rAAV1) encoding rat IL-10 (rAAV1-IL-10) in a rat model of kidney allograft rejection. Dark Agouti rat kidneys were transplanted into Wistar-Furth (WF) rats 8 weeks following a single intramuscular administration of either rAAV1-IL-10 or rAAV1-green fluorescence protein (GFP). Isografts (WF-WF) served as an additional experimental control. Both allograft and isograft recipients received daily cyclosporine (10 mg/kg) for 14 days after transplantation. Serum IL-10 levels increased at 8, 12 and 16 weeks following vector administration in rAAV1-IL-10-treated animals, but not in rAAV1-GFP and isograft groups. rAAV1-IL-10 treatment resulted in lower BUN and creatinine levels (p<0.001), as well as increased allograft survival rates from 22% to 90%. Allograft histological abnormalities were significantly attenuated in the rAAV1-IL-10-treated rats compared with those of rAAV1-GFP controls. Serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as growth-related oncogene were also significantly higher in the rAAV1-GFP group than in the rAAV1-IL-10 group. These data suggest delivery of IL-10 using a rAAV1 vector improves renal function and prolongs graft survival in a rat model of kidney transplant rejection.     

慢性乙型病毒性肝炎治疗新方法

就当前慢性乙肝治疗的新方法、新进展作一综述。     

T细胞共刺激信号诱导器官移植免疫耐受的研究进展

人们通过阻断T细胞共刺激信号在小动物实验成功导出抗原特异性的免疫耐受，共刺激信号是T细胞充分活化必需的信号，主要是由CD28和TNF：TNFR两大家族的成员介导的。若阻断此共刺激信号，T细胞不能有效活化和增殖，从而达到免疫耐受状态。     

外伤性脾切除术后中医证候及免疫功能的研究

目的:研究外伤性脾切除术后中医辨证与免疫功能变化的关系.方法:选择15例脾切除和15例非脾切除患者作为观察对象,以其症状、舌苔、脉象及免疫功能的测定作为观察指标,观察其中医辨证与免疫功能变化.结果:脾切除组在术后早期可出现脾胃虚弱的证候群,同时免疫功能测定补体C3、免疫球蛋白IgG、免疫球蛋白IgM的水平明显降低,与非脾切除组有显著性差异.结论:脾切除容易造成患者术后出现的脾胃虚弱症候群,并降低患者的免疫功能.     

派立明与贝特舒联合应用对降眼压的临床观察

目的评价1.00%派立明(AZOPT)与0.25%贝特舒点眼液每日两次点眼对原发性开角型青光眼、高眼压症及抗青光眼术后高眼压的降眼压效果及安全性。方法31例患者51只眼纳入为期2个月的前瞻性研究。在停用其他抗青光眼药物足够长的时间后测量基础值,用药后每2周复查一次共4次,同时观察眼局部及全身副作用。结果用药前眼压为23.85±1.80 mmHg,4次随访眼压下降均值6.55 mmHg(6.06～7.04),眼压下降率27.50%(26.62～28.59%)。少数病例出现烧灼感、视物模糊、口苦等症状,均为轻度能耐受,对视力、眼底无影响。结论派立明与贝特舒联合用药具有稳定的降眼压效果,具良好耐受性。     

Synthesis of [3H] vardenafil,Levitra®, using a new labeling technique

Tritium was introduced into the new orally active, selective phosphodiesterase type V (PDE V) inhibitor vardenafil (Levitra^®), by reduction of a suitable amide precursor with freshly prepared lithium aluminum tritide. A specific activity of 52.7 Ci/mmol (1.95 TBq/mmol) was achieved. In order to overcome the usual technical difficulties during the preparation of complex tritides a new and easy labeling technique which has considerable potential for various tritia‐tion procedures, was developed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.