危重症患者下肢深静脉血栓风险预测模型的构建及评价

目的 建立危重症患者下肢深静脉血栓风险预测模型,并评价预测效能.方法 选取重症医学科患者420例,分为建模组300例和验证组120例.应用Logistic回归分析筛选下肢深静脉血栓发生的独立危险因素,建立下肢深静脉血栓风险预测模型.应用Bootstrap法进行模型内部验证,利用验证组数据对模型进行外部验证.结果 Log...     

Establishing Normative Dynamic Postural Control Values in Elite Female Handball Players

BackgroundLower extremity injuries among young female handball players are very common. The modified Star Excursion Balance Test (mSEBT) is a valid clinical tool to assess dynamic postural control and identify athletes with higher risk of injury. However, its interpretation is difficult since performance on this test is highly sport dependent. No normative values on the mSEBT exist in handball.PurposeThe aim of this investigation was to establish normative ranges of mSEBT performance in young, healthy female handball players to help practitioners when interpreting risk estimates.Study designCross-Sectional StudyMethodsAthletes from 14 elite teams were recruited during a national tournament and performed 3 trials in the anterior (ANT), posteromedial (PM), posterolateral (PL) directions of the mSEBT. Means, standard deviations and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of normalized reached distances were calculated for each direction and the composite score (COMP). Level of asymmetry between dominant and non-dominant limbs were calculated for each direction using Bland Altman analyses. Group differences were weighed against the established mSEBT minimum detectable differences (MDD) to compare scores between limbs and across different player positions.ResultsOne-hundred and eighty-eight females (16.8±0.9 years) were tested. Mean reach distances were 65.2±5% (64.7-65.7), 110.0±6.2% (109.3-110.6), 107.1±6.2% (106.5-107.8) and 94.1±4.9% (93.6-94.6) for the ANT, PM, PL directions and COMP score respectively. Bias and limits of agreement for limb asymmetry were -0.23% (-5.85%, 5.38%) for ANT, -0.83% (-8.80%, 7.14%) for PM, 0.33% (-8.51%, 9.17%) for PL and -0.27% (-4.88%, 4.33%) for COMP score. No meaningful differences were observed between limbs or across player positions since the values did not exceed the MDD and all 95%CIs overlapped.ConclusionThis study provides normative performance values for dynamic postural control as measured by the mSEBT among young, healthy, elite female handball players. Considering the high incidence of injury in this population, these values can be used for injury risk reduction and return to sport decisions. Further prospective studies are needed to established specific cut-off scores in this population.Level of evidence2c     

清营方中药熏洗结合疮面缠缚治疗臁疮疗效观察

目的观察清营方熏洗疮面结合疮面缠缚治疗臁疮的临床疗效。方法将60例臁疮患者分为2组,治疗组30例采用疮面敷药加缠缚治疗,同时予以自拟清营方熏洗溃疡疮面,对照组30例采用疮面敷药加缠缚治疗。治疗3个月后观察2组临床疗效、溃疡疮面愈合时间及溃疡复发率。结果治疗组临床治愈率90%,溃疡愈合时间为12～112 d,溃疡复发率8%;对照组临床治愈率77%,溃疡愈合时间为16～149 d,溃疡复发率29%。治疗组的临床治愈率、溃疡愈合时间均优于对照组,溃疡复发率低于对照组。结论清营方中药熏洗结合疮面缠缚治疗臁疮效果更好。     

Predictors and Treatment Outcomes of Pediatric Osteosarcoma in Diverse Socioeconomic Backgrounds in Southeast Asia: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Background: Pediatric osteosarcoma outcomes among developed and developing countries have not been previously compared. Countries in Southeast Asia (SEA) have a wide variety of socioeconomic statuses. A multi-institutional retrospective study was conducted to determine the prognostic factors and outcomes for pediatric osteosarcoma in SEA. Methods: Pediatric patients with osteosarcoma treated between 1998 and 2017 in 4 SEA pediatric oncology centers were studied. Countries were classified using the World Bank Atlas method. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox’s Proportion Hazard Model were applied to estimate survival outcomes and identify prognostic factors. Results: In all, 149 patients with osteosarcoma with a mean age of 12.48±3.66 years were enrolled. The localized to metastatic disease ratio was 1.5:1. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were 53.8% and 42%, respectively. Prognostic factors associated with outcomes were country, stage of disease, MTX-containing regimens, and surgery type (p-value <0.05). In patients with localized disease, EFS was superior with limb-salvage surgery (62%) than amputation or rotationplasty (40%) (p-value 0.009). MTX-containing chemotherapies provided higher OS (45.3%) and EFS (37.9%) than non-MTX regimens (12.3% and 10.7%, respectively) among metastatic patients (p-value 0.004 and 0.005, respectively). Metastatic disease was an independent prognostic factor for death but not relapse outcome.  Conclusion: The disease outcomes in SEA were acceptable compared to developed countries. The stage of disease was the only independent prognostic factor. MTX-containing regimens and limb-salvage surgery should be considered where possible.     

中医护理在脑卒中患者偏瘫肢体康复中的应用价值

目的 探讨中医护理在脑卒中患者偏瘫肢体康复中的应用价值。方法 择取医院在2019年1月—2020年1月收治的脑卒中致偏瘫患者88例作为研究对象,按照盲选法将其分为对照组（n=44）和观察组（n=44）。其中,采取常规神经内科护理干预的为对照组,在对照组基础上加用中医护理干预的为观察组。对两组患者的偏瘫肢体功能、生活质量等进行评分,并且评估两组患者的护理满意度和有效率。结果 在干预前,两组患者的偏瘫肢体功能与生活质量评分相比较,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）;在干预后,观察组患者的偏瘫肢体功能评分与生活质量评分改善优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。观察组患者对护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）;观察组患者的护理总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论 在脑卒中患者偏瘫肢体康复中,加入中医护理干预,能够有效地改善患者的偏瘫肢体功能与生活质量,提高其对护理满意度,效果显著,值得推广。     

肢体缺血预处理对肝硬变兔肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的实验研究

目的:探索肢体缺血预处理对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法:32只新西兰兔用四氯化碳颈背部皮下注射法建立肝硬变模型.将成功建模的28只肝硬变兔分为假手术组(S组)、缺血再灌注组(IR组)、肝脏缺血预处理组(IPC组)、肢体缺血预处理组(LIPC组)各7只.实验前12h禁食,自由饮水.检测模型试验前后肝脏生化酶(ALT、AST)指标及肝脏组织中ATP含量水平.结果:LIPC组ALT、AST指标与S组、IR组比较差异均有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01),与IPC组比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05);LIPC组ATP指标水平与S组、IR组比较差异均有显著统计学意义(P＜0.01),与IPC组比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:肢体缺血预处理对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用.     

通督调神针刺联合小续命汤加减治疗气虚血瘀型中风临床研究

目的:观察通督调神针刺联合小续命汤加减治疗气虚血瘀型中风患者的临床疗效.方法:将符合纳入标准的70例气虚血瘀型脑卒中患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组各35例.对照组根据缺血性和出血性脑卒中相关指南予以对症处理,结合通督调神针刺;治疗组在对照组基础上联合服用小续命汤加减.两组均连续治疗3周,观察美国国立卫生院卒中...     

血必净注射液在老年人下肢骨折围手术期中的应用

目的 探讨血必净注射液(红花黄色素A、川芎嗪、丹参素、阿魏酸、芍药苷等)在老年性下肢骨折围手术期中的应用效果.方法 将90例纳入患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各45例.两组患者均予综合治疗,治疗组加用血必净注射液50 mL+生理盐水100 mL静脉滴注,2次/d,连用7d.分别检测2组治疗前及治疗后3d、7d的白细胞计数(WBC)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、血小板计数(PLT)、凝血常规及肝肾功能.结果 治疗后7d患者的WBC、CRP、D二聚体、肝肾功能等主要检测指标均显著低于治疗前(P＜0.01),治疗组显著低于对照组(P＜0.01).结论 血必净注射液对老年性下肢骨折患者的白细胞计数、C-反应蛋白、血小板、凝血功能及肝肾功能异常有积极的改善作用,从而降低手术风险.     

针刺拮抗肌穴位治疗脑卒中后下肢痉挛临床观察

目的观察针刺拮抗肌穴位联合康复训练等治疗脑卒中后下肢痉挛的临床疗效。方法将80例脑卒中后下肢痉挛患者随机分成治疗组和对照组,每组40例。两组均予神经内科常规西药、头针及康复训练,对照组加用传统针刺治疗,治疗组加用针刺拮抗肌穴位治疗。两组疗程均为34天,观察临床疗效,并比较改良Ashworth痉挛等级(MAS)、下肢功能积分(FMA)及日常活动能力指数(Barthel)的变化情况。结果 1治疗组、对照组临床总有效率分别为82.50%和70.00%;组间临床疗效比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2治疗前后组内比较,两组MAS等级、FMA积分及Barthel指数差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);组间治疗后比较,MAS等级、FMA积分及Barthel指数差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论针刺拮抗肌穴位联合康复训练等治疗脑卒中后下肢痉挛可明显缓解患者下肢痉挛,增强下肢活动能力。     

预防人工全髋关节置换术后双下肢不等长的临床研究

目的:探讨应用L形测径器均衡下肢长度以预防人工全髋关节术后双下肢不等长的临床效果.方法:2009年3月- 2011年8月选用L形测径器术中测量及均衡单侧全髋关节置换患者83例,其中男49例,女34例,年龄46～ 82岁.术前常规模板X线测量及预测髋关节假体型号、位置,术后准确测量双下肢长度及随访观察.结果:83例术后均获3 ～29个月随访,平均18.5月.术前肢体长度差0～5mm的患者占7.2％;差5～ 10mm的占20.5％;差10～ 15 mm的占38.6％;差15～ 20 mm的占25.3％,大于20 mm的占8.4％;通过平衡肢体长度差,术后双下肢长度差0～5 mm的比例提高到34.9％,差5～ 10mm的比例为42.2％,差10～ 15 mm的比例为14.5％,差15 ～ 20 mm比例为6.0％,差异＞20mm的比例为2.4％.结论:全髋关节置换术中利用L形测径器均衡下肢长度,结合术前模板测量,可有效地预防双下肢不等长.