全数字化乳腺钼靶单独与联合磁共振诊断乳腺导管原位癌的准确度和成本效益分析

目的:比较全数字化乳腺钼靶单独与联合磁共振诊断乳腺导管原位癌(DCIS)的准确度和成本效益,为DCIS早期筛查方案的选择提供参考依据.方法:回顾性分析我院2014年8月至2018年8月经病理检查确诊的84例DCIS患者的临床资料,整理其术前全数字化乳腺钼靶、磁共振成像(MRI)表现,分析钼靶、MRI及钼靶联合MRI诊断...     

T1WI_Star_VIBE_FS序列在头颈部放疗MR定位中扫描方法研究

目的:对比分析T 1WI_Star_VIBE_FS序列在头颈部肿瘤患者MR定位中不同扫描方式对图像质量、信噪比、对比噪声比等参数的影响,确定优选扫描方式。 方法:回顾性分析78例头颈部MR定位患者,分别采用组织补偿法(A组23例)、分段扫描拼接法(B组18例)和二者结合法(C组37例)进行增强扫描...     

人工智能在乳腺超声中的应用与发展

人工智能是利用计算机模拟人类学习、思考及作出判断的技术和方法,在医学影像领域应用中为临床流程带来便利,也为疾病诊断、治疗和预后提供更多的信息。而超声技术与人工智能的结合为乳腺诊断带来革新,本文就人工智能在乳腺超声中的流程及方法、应用和发展作一综述。     

国内外医学影像网站与继续医学教育相结合的思考

随着计算机网络技术的发展,网络教学已经成为继续医学教育中的重要模式。国内外医学影像网站种类繁多,大致可分为学会、学术期刊和教育资源及论坛网站三大类。本文在介绍国内和国外有代表性的医学影像网站基础上,分析了它们存在的优势和不足,着重阐述了将其应用于继续医学教育方面的几点措施,包括建立可获得继续医学教育学分的权威学术网站、加强各类医学影像网站的资源和功能建设、推动智能化和个性化的自主学习等。希望医学影像专业网站与继续医学教育的结合更加紧密,为影像专业人员提升业务水平和科研能力提供一个良好平台。     

医学影像微信公众号在继续医学教育中的应用

本文介绍了医学影像微信公众号的发展现状,将它们按运营主体分为专业学会、医院科室、医疗公司、学术期刊、专业网站和个人等类别,分析了现有的医学影像微信公众号的优势和不足,并提出了将它们应用于继续医学教育的几点措施,包括建立认可度和权威性都较高的、可授予继教学分的微信公众号平台,整合各种网络资源,突出平台资源的丰富性、系统性、时效性、实用性,建立健全继教学分授予的评价机制,为广大医学影像工作者提供一个继续医学教育的良好平台。     

三维超声诊断胎儿丹迪-沃克综合征的价值

目的探讨三维超声线断层成像、任意平面成像诊断胎儿丹迪一沃克综合征的价值。方法对二维超声初步诊断为丹迪一沃克综合征的30例胎儿,进一步应用三维线断层成像及任意平面成像检查,对比所需标准切面的显示率。结果二三维超声线断层成像、任意平面成像与二维超声相比在小脑侧冠状切面、小脑正中矢状切面显示率明显改善。结论二维超声初步诊断为丹迪一沃克综合征时,应进一步行三维超声线断层成像或任意平面成像检查,二者能快速、准确地获得所需的系列标准切面。     

磁共振弥散加权成像术在腹膜转移癌诊断中的应用价值

腹膜转移癌患者的预后较差,良好的影像学评估方法有助于其治疗方案的选择和治疗疗效的评估。腹膜转移癌在磁共振弥散加权成像术检查图像中表现为较之周围组织明显的高亮信号,与CT检查相比能明显提高腹膜癌的检出率,尤其是小转移癌灶以及膈下、肝包膜下、网膜囊、肠系膜根部和肠管浆膜表面的腹膜癌的检出率。     

木蹄层孔菌石油醚组分的成分分析及抗肿瘤活性研究

目的:分析木蹄层孔菌(Fomes fomentarius)石油醚组分中甾醇和三萜类等成分及其主要抗肿瘤活性物质。方法:采用95%乙醇回流提取法及拌硅胶淋洗方法得到木蹄层孔菌的石油醚组分。用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对石油醚组分甾体和三萜类成分进行分析和鉴定并计算出其含量。用硅胶柱色谱法分离纯化含量最高的7,22-二烯麦角甾-3-酮。采用Alamar Blue法进行体外抗肿瘤活性检测。结果:从木蹄层孔菌石油醚组分中检测出37个成分,鉴定了其中的35个成分,包括10种甾体和三萜类成分。其主要成分为:7,22-二烯麦角甾-3-酮(37.67%)和5,24(28)-二烯麦角甾-3-醇(27.01%)。石油醚组分对细胞株NCI-H460的IC50为75μg.mL-1,7,22-二烯麦角甾-3-酮对细胞株NCI-H460的IC50为30μg.mL-1,抗肿瘤活性与单体浓度存在明显的量效关系。结论:木蹄层孔菌石油醚组分主要成分为7,22-二烯麦角甾-3-酮和5,24(28)-二烯麦角甾-3-醇,抗肿瘤活性物质最高的为7,22-二烯麦角甾-3-酮。研究结果为木蹄层孔菌的进一步开发提供了依据。     

Liposomes and their applications in molecular imaging

Molecular imaging is a relatively new discipline with a crucial role in diagnosis and treatment tracing of diseases through characterization and quantification of biological processes at cellular and sub-cellular levels of living organisms. These molecular targeted systems can be conjugated with contrast agents or radioligands to obtain specific molecular probes for the purpose of diagnosis of diseases more accurately by different imaging modalities. Nowadays, an interesting new approach to molecular imaging is the use of stealth nanosized drug delivery systems such as liposomes having convenient properties such as biodegradability, biocompatibility and non-toxicity and they can specifically be targeted to desired disease tissues by combining with specific targeting ligands and probes. The targeted liposomes as molecular probes in molecular imaging have been evaluated in this review. Therefore, the essential point is detection of molecular target of the disease which is different from normal conditions such as increase or decrease of a receptor, transporter, hormone, enzyme etc, or formation of a novel target. Transport of the diagnostic probe specifically to targeted cellular, sub-cellular or even to molecular entities can be performed by molecular imaging probes. This may lead to produce personalized medicine for imaging and/or therapy of diseases at earlier stages.     

Visual targeted therapy of hepatic cancer using homing peptide modified calcium phosphate nanoparticles loading doxorubicin guided by T1 weighted MRI

Effective treatment and real-time monitoring of hepatic cancer are essential. A multifunctional calcium phosphate nanoparticles loading chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin and magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid gadolinium (A54-CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX) was developed for visual targeted therapy of hepatic cancer via T1-weighted MRI in real-time. A54-CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX exhibited a higher longitudinal relaxivity (6.02?mM^?1?s^?1) than commercial MR contrast agent Gd-DTPA (3.3765?mM^?1?s^?1). The DOX release from the nanoparticles exhibited a pH dependent behavior. The cellular uptake results showed that the internalization of A54-CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX into BEL-7402 cells was1.9-fold faster than that of HepG2 cells via A54 binding. In vivo experiments presented that A54-CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX had higher distribution and longer retention time in tumor tissue than CaP/Gd-DTPA/DOX and free DOX, and also displayed great antitumor efficacy (95.38% tumor inhibition rate) and lower toxicity. Furthermore, the Gd-DTPA entrapped in the nanoparticles could provide T1-weighted MRI for real-time monitoring the progress of tumor treatment.