Transceive surface coil array for MRI of the human prostate at 4T.

A novel torso transceive surface coil array for prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) at 4T is presented. It is shown that with the use of a conformal transceive surface coil array with 50 Omega transmitter amplifiers and receiver preamplifiers, one can perform whole-volume torso imaging while maintaining the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) inherent to surface coil designs. Recent theoretical considerations have shown that by focusing the infringing radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic field, one can achieve increased penetration and signal homogeneity compared to a conventional circularly polarized driving scheme. A variation of this driving scheme particular to the proposed coil design resulted in a twofold increase in SNR in the prostate compared to that achieved with a conventional circularly polarized driving scheme. The novel transceive surface coil array presented is capable of full-volume imaging of the human torso at 4T while maintaining signal penetration in the deep region of the prostate gland.     

反相高效液相色谱-柱后衍生法分析检测鱿鱼中的生物胺

建立了水产品中多组分生物胺的反相高效液相色谱-柱后衍生-荧光检测方法。采用荧光试剂邻苯二甲醛（OPA）为柱后衍生化试剂,在Capcell Pak MG-C18色谱柱上,通过梯度洗脱使酪胺、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、胍丁胺、精胺和亚精胺等7种生物胺得到良好分离,在给定的浓度范围内,各组分生物胺呈现良好线性相关（R^2〉0.999）。在水产品中添加生物胺混合标准溶液,平均回收率为88.3%～110.1%,相对标准偏差RSD小于10%。结合水产品的感官鉴定、pH值和TVBN值测定等方法检测水产食品的新鲜程度,分析了鱿鱼在不同保藏温度、保藏时间下的生物胺种类及含量的变化。其中胍丁胺和尸胺在鱿鱼的保藏过程中发生最显著变化,可以作为其质量变化的参考指标。     

综合心理干预对高原新兵训练伤的影响

目的探讨综合心理干预对高原新兵训练伤发生率的影响。方法1000名高原新兵随机分为心理干预组和对照组。在新兵训练期间,对心理干预组新兵,除常规的生理卫生教育和监督外,进行综合心理干预;利用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自测量表(SAS)、抑郁自测量表(SDS),在新训开始和结束时,进行心理状态测定;并统计各组新兵训练伤发生情况。结果心理干预组战士在SCL-90中的躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖等项的分值,在SAS和SDS中的总分值明显低于对照组(P<0.05),心理干预组战士训练伤中的软组织损伤、骨关节损伤、训练伤总发生率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论适当的综合心理干预对于训练伤的预防有积极的作用。     

不同麻醉方式对儿童腹腔镜疝囊高位结扎术应激反应的影响

目的探讨两种麻醉方法对儿童腹腔镜疝高位结扎术（lapamscopic hernia sac high ligation）应激反应的影响。方法ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级择期行腹股疝疝囊高位结扎术患儿60例，年龄6—12岁，随机分为硬膜外麻醉组（E组）和单纯气管内全麻组（G组）各30例。检测术中不同时点血浆皮质醇（Cor）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、肾上腺素（E）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）浓度并观察平均动脉压（MAP）和心率（HR）的变化。结果E组各时点Cor、NE、E、ACHT浓度无明显变化（P〉0．05），G组气腹后上述各指标较气腹前明显增高（P〈0．05）且显著高于E组同时点（P〈0．05）（见表2）；E组气腹后平均动脉压及心率变化无统计学意义（P〉0．05），而G组的则显著升高（P〈0．05）；两组患儿气腹10min后PaC02均显著增加（P〈0．05），停气腹后渐恢复至正常，血PH值则变化不明显。结论硬膜外麻醉复合基础麻醉相对于单纯气管内全麻更能有效抑制儿童腹股疝疝囊高位结扎术的应激反应。     

进驻海拔4300m不同时间对移居青年血流动力学的影响

目的探讨进驻海拔4 300 m不同时间对移居青年血流动力学的影响。方法对进驻海拔4 300 m 1年和3年的健康青年,分别用XG-Ⅲ型血液循环功能自动测试仪检测血流动力学并与海拔1 400 m青年比较。结果进驻1年者较海拔1 400 m青年P,TPR,AR,η,CCP增加非常显著,BV,SV,VPE,mAP降低非常显著(P<0.01);ALT,PAWP增加显著,ETK降低显著(P<0.05)。进驻3年较进驻1年者η和ALT增加非常显著(P<0.01),SV和mAP降低显著(P<0.05);TPR,AR,PAWP,CCP增加,BV,VPE,ETK降低,但无统计学意义。结论青年人进驻海拔4 300 m 1年时血流动力学为低排高阻性改变;进驻3年时其低排高阻性改变较1年时有所加重。     

Validation of analytical parameters of a competitive direct ELISA for aflatoxin B1 in peanuts

Analytical validation of a competitive direct SUNQuik ELISA with a reference High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method and other methods including a minicolumn method and the VICAM Aflatest® system for aflatoxin in peanuts was conducted. Both the ELISA and the VICAM Aflatest® system, using the same peanut extracts were analytically comparable with the HPLC method (R=0.998, p<0.000). The minicolumn method was also found to be acceptable as a low cost rapid semi-quantitative test. Despite the large variation in sampling, the correlation between the SUNQuik ELISA and HPLC using the different peanut sub-samples was considered acceptable over the range of 0–1200 µg kg^?1 (R=0.938). No false negatives were found using the SUNQuik ELISA and false positives were either nil or negligible in all the studies conducted. The repeatability of the SUNQuik ELISA run on the same day was good with only±10% deviation. The reproducibility of the SUNQuik ELISA between days was also acceptable, but with a higher deviation. Applying the SUNQuik ELISA for aflatoxin surveys of peanuts in Indonesia proved that the method can deliver high quality, cost- and time-effective analysis with very little establishment capital and maintenance.     

麻醉剂量羟甲芬太尼对大鼠脑内单胺递质及其代谢物含量的影响

麻醉剂量羟甲芬太尼对大鼠脑内单胺递质及其代谢物含量的影响金昔陆１唐琴梅金文桥周德和李桂芬池志强（中国科学院上海药物研究所，上海２０００３１）羟甲芬太尼（ｏｈｍｅｆｅｎｔａｎｙｌ，ＯＭＦ）是一种新的高选择性高亲和力μ阿片受体激动剂，在动物中能产生麻醉作...     

F wave studies after intrathecal methotrexate administration

Electrophysiological examinations were done on 20 patients aged 40–71 years with recently diagnosed high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. General chemotherapy and intrathecal chemotherapy in order to prevent central nervous system (CNS) involvement were begun. On the first day of chemotherapeutic cycle patients received intrathecally methotrexate (ITMTX) and prednisolone. Electrophysiological study was carried out twice in each subject: before ITMTX injection and a day after injection. The study procedure included: a conventional nerve conduction examination (peripheral conduction velocity and compound muscle action potential amplitude), the F wave latency and amplitude measurement and F ratio (F-M-1/2M) calculation for peroneal and tibial nerve bilaterally. Results of the first and the second examinations were statistically compared by t-Student's test. No significant differences between values of estimated parameters were found. The study revealed no recent alterations in proximal, paraspinal motor conduction and motor neuron excitability due to antidromical activation after single ITMTX administration.     

高频程控增益前置放大器的设计及其在医学仪器中的应用

目的：设计一种高频程控增益前置放大器，以满足“便携式数字型医用超声声功率计”研究的需要。方法：根据医用超声源频率范围宽、输出功率相差悬殊的特点，权衡便携、低功耗与低失真度、价格等因素，针对不同应用条件，制作出分别由集成电路和分立元件构成的两种结构不同的高频程控增益前置放大器，经调试、优化后，应用到医用超声声功率计中。结果：两种电路分别应用于“便携式数字型医用超声声功率计”，经试用，效果良好。结论：实践证明，由集成电路组成的放大器具有体积小、功耗低、电路结构简单、易与微处理器接口等优点，但它对器件依赖性强，信号保真度差，价格昂贵；而分立元件组成的放大器虽然体积、功耗、与微处理器接口等方面逊于前者，但它元器件易得，信号保真度好，价格低廉。在体积、功耗等条件许可的情况下，该放大器不失为上乘选择。     

高频宽增益小信号放大器的设计及在医用超声功率计中的应用

介绍供医用超声功率计用的两种高频、宽增益的小信号放大器，并比较了它们彼此的优缺点。